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Cognitive deficits in children with visual impairment and the possibilities oftheir early diagnosis
Štrofová, Helena ; Květoňová, Lea (advisor) ; Vítková, Marie (referee) ; Lopúchová, Jana (referee)
The dissertation entitled Cognitive deficits in children with visual impairment and the possibilities of their early diagnosis responds to the need for a tool for the early detection of visual impairment at the level of the visual apparatus in children with cognitive deficits for special pedagogues. The aim of the thesis is to design and verify the reliability and usability of a tool for the early detection of visual disorders at the level of the visual apparatus, which could be used by special pedagogues. Based on them, identify children with an indication for a complete ocular and orthoptic examination. The partial goals are to determine the coincidence of visual impairment with cognitive deficit, to compare the reliability of individual stereotests and to evaluate the practical use of the tool for special pedagogues. The theoretical starting points are current findings on the issue of cognitive processes and their deficits, the visual analyzer and its defects at all levels, with an emphasis on defects at the level of the visual apparatus and the relationship of cognitive deficits to visual disorder in childhood. The research part is based on a tool created to detect defects at the level of the visual apparatus for special pedagogues and to determine its reliability using the quantitative method...
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Heinrich Schliemann: autobiography
Murzina, Daria ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Jarošová, Markéta (referee)
On January 6, 2022, is 200 years have passed since the birth of Heinrich Schliemann. He is called the Founder of Mycenaean archeology, archaeologist-amateur, gold digger, impostor, and even a charlatan. Schliemann was born in a small Prussian township but lived an extraordinarily bright life, the ultimate success of which was the excavations of ancient Troy and Mycenae. Heinrich Schliemann considered himself this not only fate but he felt that he was born for this purpose. Is it so? Does the "Dream of Troy" have its roots in Heinrich's childhood? Which of what Schliemann wrote about himself can be trusted, and which is deception, exaggeration, or adoption? The thesis dedicates to the historical and philological analysis of all autobiographies of Heinrich Schliemann to bring all known biographical information to a common denominator, filtering out mystifications and obvious borrowings, separating real facts from embellishments and hyperbole as well. Keywords Heinrich Schliemann, Autobiography, Literature, traveling, Troy, Fraud
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The EU Emissions Trading System and its contribution to climate protection
Kaiserová, Veronika ; Žákovská, Karolina (advisor) ; Sobotka, Michal (referee)
This thesis deals with the European Union Emissions Trading System. The EU ETS, abbreviated from EU Emissions Trading System, serves as a tool for reducing the amount of greenhouse gases in the air, operating on the polluter pays principle and economically motivating the actors concerned to act more environmentally friendly. It is one of the most important instruments for combating climate change and plays a key role in the European Union's efforts to achieve its climate policy and sustainability objectives. The first part of the thesis deals with the legal sources that regulate this issue. First, it briefly introduces the most important international conventions that laid the basis for further cooperation between states in environmental protection. The EU regulations are then elaborated in more detail, mainly in the form of directives and regulations, which constitute the legal basis of the EU ETS itself and further modify it. Finally, the thesis briefly discusses the legal acts in Czech Republic. The next part of the thesis deals with the EU ETS as such. First, the development of the system, which has undergone numerous changes in its almost twenty years of operation, is outlined in individual subchapters. The thesis then looks at the allocation of individual emission allowances, the areas of...
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Myocardial Injury in Stress Echocardiography: Comparison of Dobutamine, Dipyridamole and Dynamic Stress
Mědílek, Karel ; Šťásek, Josef (advisor) ; Paleček, Tomáš (referee) ; Kala, Petr (referee)
Objectives: Stress echocardiography plays important role in investigation of the patients with chest pain. Dipyridamole is reported to be safer than dobutamine stressor, dynamic stress is recommended as the first choice method. We investigated whether commonly used stressors are causing myocardial injury, measured by serum hsTnT. Methods: 135 patients (DSE n=46, ExsE n=46, DIP n=43) with negative SE were studied. Exclusion criteria included known ischaemic heart disease, baseline regional wall motion abnormalities or left ventricle systolic dysfunction (EF≤50%), more than mild left ventricle hypertrophy (septum/posterior wall ≥13 mm), diabetes, pre-diabetes (fasting glycemia >5.6 mmol/L), baseline hsTnT level ≥14 ng/L, baseline blood pressure ≥160/100mmHg, peak pulmonary pressure ≥45mmHg at baseline echocardiography, eGFR <1mL/s/1.73m2 and more than mild to moderate valvular disease. HsTnT was measured before and at 180 minutes after the test was terminated. Results: All patients had low pre-test probability of IHD. HsTnT increased in DSE, less so in ExSE, and was unchanged in DIP group [9.4 (1.5-58.6), 1.1 (-0.9-15.7), -0.1 (-1.4-2.1) ng/L respectively, p<0.001]. In DSE, hsTnT change was associated with peak dobutamine dose (r=0.30, p= 0.045), test length (r=0.43, p=0.003) and atropine use (p<0.001). In...
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The Question of Restitution of Colloredo-Mannsfeld Picture Gallery from the Perspective of Direct Participants and the Public
Nováková, Alžběta ; Vlnas, Vít (advisor) ; Šmíd, Marek (referee)
This thesis aims to analyse opinions on the case of restitution of Colloredo-Mannsfeld picture gallery. The author describes the history of the Opočno castle as well as the history of valuable collections situated there. The history of collecting of paintings by the House of Colloredo-Mannsfeld is introduced. The author especially focuses on the current case of restitution of the picture gallery. As a part of the thesis, there is a qualitative research dealing with the professional and public response to this case and the way how media informed about it. Keywords Opočno castle, picture gallery, Colloredo-Mannsfeld, restitution, public opinion
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Essays on tail risks, asymmetries and cross-section of asset returns
Nevrla, Matěj ; Baruník, Jozef (advisor) ; Rombouts, Jeroen (referee) ; Erdemlioglu, Deniz (referee) ; Bevilacqua, Mattia (referee)
This thesis consists of three papers investigating asymmetric risk, especially downside risk, in empirical asset pricing. The first paper introduces quantile spectral beta, a measure of risk that quantifies the dependence between stock return and a risk factor in a particular part of the joint distribution over a given horizon. We apply the new measure to study the pricing of tail market risk and extreme volatility risk across asset classes. The second paper proposes a new factor pricing model. Instead of focusing on common factors that explain the cross-sectional mean or variance of stock returns, we propose a model that captures the common structure of cross-sectional quantiles. We show that the downside factors possess information relevant to predicting market returns. Moreover, exposure to the downside factors is compensated for in the cross- section of stock returns for U.S. firms. The third paper examines whether di erent measures of systematic asymmetric risk lead to risk premia because they represent linear exposure to the common factor structure or because of their nonlinear properties. Using instrumented principal component analysis, we show that these measures can be e ciently combined to generate abnormal returns that other factors cannot explain. However, some measures can also be used to...
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Professional ice hockey player contracts
Přibyl, Jakub ; Kohout, David (advisor) ; Svatoš, Martin (referee)
Professional ice hockey player contracts Abstract The topic of this thesis is professional player contracts in ice hockey. It is a very specifically chosen topic of the thesis, the main aim of which is to analyze the subject of individual player contracts. In order to achieve this, however, it was necessary to first set out the smaller sub- objectives of the thesis. These minor objectives will help to introduce the subject in a sufficient manner and also serve as a basis for the subsequent analysis of the problematic provisions of the players' contracts. The minor objectives were to set out the concept of "sport" and its division, to point out the insufficient legal regulation of professional sport in the Czech Republic and to compare activities of a professional hockey player with employment status and with entrepreneurship. In the las and main chapter, I aimed to analyze in detail the professional player contracts in ice hockey, their individual arrangements and to point out the problems caused mainly by the absence of legal regulation of professional sport and the autonomy of the will of the parties, especially the stronger party, the ice hockey club. Key words: player contract, professional sport, ice hockey
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Indicators of Coeliac Disease Activity
Douda, Ladislav ; Tachecí, Ilja (advisor) ; Hucl, Tomáš (referee) ; Falt, Přemysl (referee)
Coeliac disease is a relatively common disorder that has been associated with a worldwide increase in prevalence in recent decades, with potentially serious medical, economic, psychological, and social consequences. At the same time, the high proportion of undiagnosed cases is well known and carries significant additional health risks for the future. In view of this, the introduction of new diagnostic, monitoring and therapeutic options into clinical practice is an important prerequisite for successfully combating this potentially serious disease. The aim of this study was to analyze plasma levels of the amino acids citrulline and ornithine - as potential markers of small intestinal disease activity, marginal zone memory B cell levels - as an indicator of the severity of hyposplenism, and fecal gliadin 33-mer concentration - as an indicator of adherence to a gluten-free diet - in patients followed for celiac disease. We performed an analysis of patients dispensed in gastroenterology outpatient clinics of the 2nd Dpt of Internal Medicine - Gastroenterology (University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University). We examined the following number of patients within individual subanalyses: for plasma citrulline and ornithine 94 patients, for hyposplenism 100 patients, for...
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Molecular genetic analysis of thyroid carcinomas in pediatric and adolescent patients
Bulanová, Barbora
Thyroid nodules are rare in pediatric and adolescent patients, but they are at greater risk of malignancy than adult patients. Thyroid carcinomas are the most common endocrine malignancy and their incidence is increasing. Although there are several types of thyroid carcinoma, 90% of cases in pediatric and adolescent patients are papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs). The aim of this study was to analyze a large cohort of PTCs from pediatric and adolescent patients, determine their genetic cause, and correlate the findings with clinical pathological data. Another aim was to characterize the most frequent findings and compare them with a cohort of adult patients with thyroid carcinoma positive for the same mutation. The final objective was to optimize a suitable methodology for detecting the most common findings in pediatric and adolescent patients for routine use. Thyroid tumor tissue samples were examined using molecular genetic methods, mostly using next-generation sequencing and real-time PCR analysis. We found that fusion genes were the most common cause of PTC in pediatric and adolescent patients, detected in 56% of patients. In total, 20 different types of fusion genes were identified, some of which have not been previously described in the literature. The fusion genes included the oncogenes...
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