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The Role of Catholics in Irish Poltiics
Müller, Tadeáš ; Říchová, Blanka (advisor) ; Haut, Šimon (referee)
This bachelor thesis examines the development of the Catholic Church's influence on politics in the Republic of Ireland from 1937 to the present day. It aims to identify the ways in which the Catholic Church and its leaders have influenced Irish politics, how this influence has evolved and what its current status is. The thesis analyses the most significant events that show the influence of the Catholic Church on the Irish social and political sphere. It focuses on the career and deeds of John Charles McQuaid, Archbishop of Dublin, and examines how he was able to influence political decisions and government in Ireland during his time in office. To do this, it uses examples of the development of legislation known as the Mother and Child Scheme and the development of censorship of printed publications. Using these examples, it shows how the Catholic Church was capable of influencing the creation and modification of legislation, the composition of government and freedom of speech and the press. The thesis also analyses the methods by which the Catholic Church manipulated public opinion and in this way influenced the outcome of constitutional referendums. The thesis discusses in detail the individual referendums in whose adoption process the Catholic Church was involved, their results and any further...
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Institucionální bariéry rozvoje nízkopříjmových ekonomik
Vichr, Matěj
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to identify the potentially negative influence of informal institutions on economic performance. The first part describes the basic theoretical framework that is important for understanding and quantifying informal institutions. Its main focus is on chosen informal institutions, specifically religion and the perceived control over one's own life. In the empirical part, data from the World Values Survey are introduced and used to quantify individual informal institutions. These data are then correlated with the average GDP per capita for the period from 2010 to 2014. The visual (graphical) and correlation analysis are ultimately put together in order to investigate the mutual influence of these variables. Finally, the discussion is divided into two parts. In the first section, the mutual influence of institutional framework and economic performance is analyzed with references to other specialized literature. The second section then focuses on this specific relationship in context of chosen informal institutions.
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Pastoral care, or persuasion? The influence of church leaders and their control of clergy and believers. Research of religiosity, communication strategies of priest and their image in letters in the late 19th and early 20th Century
Pavlíček, Tomáš ; Velek, Luboš (advisor) ; Fasora, Lukáš (referee) ; Hanuš, Jiří (referee)
Pastoral care, or persuasion? The influence of church leaders and their control of clergy and believers. Research of religiosity, communication strategies of priests and their image in letters in the late 19th and early 20th century. Tomáš W. Pavlíček SUMMARY The author of the Ph.D. thesis examines the religious culture in Bohemia in the late 19th century. Contrary to the concept of secularization and the prevalent opinion about an extraordinary decline of religiosity in the Czech society, he attempts to explain the interdependence of social and religious changes in the modern times. Within the sociological concept of secularization and disenchantment of the world, the author focuses on three phenomena: the vocation of a priest, religious practices and conversion, which he treats as religious concepts and at the same time applies them in historical research. The biggest part of the thesis is devoted to the first object of the research - the attitude of a priest towards his vocation, as the clergy is the agent of religious change. The thesis contributes to the current discussions about the relationship of the church and the state and the role of clergy in the society. The main questions are: What is the role of a priest in the religious changes? In what way or under what circumstances does a person get the...
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Identity rethinking of religious imaginations
Darjaninová, Aneta ; Spalová, Barbora (advisor) ; Bartheldi, Layla (referee)
This bachelor thesis discusses the transformation of religious ideas in the context of identity. In theory, it focuses mainly on religious identity, socialization and the evolution of the religious context in the Czech Republic, which includes the process of secularization. The empirical part is based on semi-structured interviews including biographical elements. The following analysis is structured into parts that relate to the individuals' stories, the portrayal of their Christian background, doubts and their causes, and outlines the current limits and transmitted values they bring from religious socialization. The discussion and conclusion provide a comparison of the research outcomes with the theoretical background.
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The debate on the repeal of the divorce law in 1974: a symptom of secularization in Italy?
Praibišová, Eva ; Matějka, Ondřej (advisor) ; Menclová, Barbora (referee)
In the context of secularization and the shaping of church-state relations in Italy, this diploma thesis deals with the legalization of divorce and referendum on its abolition in 1974. The aim of the thesis is to observe whether, in the debate on divorce, symptoms of secularization in Italy can be traced. Methodologically, this work is grounded in qualitative content analysis. The sources of this thesis are the journals of the three most prominent political parties of the period under study: the Communists (journal L'Unità), the Socialists (journal Avanti!) and the Christian Democrats (journal Il Popolo). The aim is to identify the thematic units, so-called topoi, within the selected articles, by applying the above-mentioned method. Selected topoi are subsequently subjected to analysis. In particular, the results of the analysis showed different conceptions of reality of the political parties. Thus, leading to the formation of two opposite camps during the referendum. On one hand, Christian Democrats, who based their conception mainly on the traditional Christian doctrine. And on the other hand, the Communists together with the Socialists, who defended the secular, pluralistic concept of state. The analysis shows that the so-called secularization currents can, to some extent, be traced in the...
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A qualitative Study of Czech non-believing Students
Říhová, Nikola ; Testa, Alessandro (advisor) ; Bartheldi, Layla (referee)
In my bachelor's thesis I focus on what it means for one to be a non-believer, supported by various statistics and data that examine non-believers in the world and in the Czech Republic. Using a qualitative process of data collection, I thus explore what my informants' individual beliefs are within the topic of non-religion, as well as how they themselves reflect on the sources of these beliefs. Specifically, this thesis then seeks to grasp these themes through two main theoretical frameworks. Firstly, identity formation, which is introduced through the theory of G.H. Mead, who points to the so- called significant other in this process. At the same time, I introduce the Social Identity Theory by H. Tajfel and J. Turner, which discusses the importance of social groups on individual identity formation. This social group is represented in my thesis as a group of non-believers, but it can be further divided into other subgroups. This is followed by a second framework where I present M. Weber's secularization theory and more specifically his disenchantment of the world, but this is complemented by its critique, represented for example by P. Berger, who in turn writes about the re-enchantment of the world. Using these aforementioned ideas, then, I want to point out that the topic of non-believers is a...
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Povědomí mladých lidí o náboženských sektách a hnutí v ČR
MARKOVÁ, Eliška
The aim of the study is to characterize the current religious scene in the Czech Republic with emphasis on new religious movements and sects and to find out how are young people aware of and what vision they have about it. The first part of the study will focuse on the characteristics of the development of religiosity in the Czech Republic, contextuslized of the development of religion in the Western world (secularization, alternative religiosity, etc.). Particular attention will be paid to the origin and operation of new religious movements and sects in the Czech Republic. The second research part of the study aims to find out through quantitative research what young people think about religious movements and sects, specifically high school students. The author will be interested in what their knowledge is in this area and what their visions and opinions are related to sects and new religious movements.
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Czechoslovak Occultism and its Representatives during the First Republic
Šabek, Jiří ; Rákosník, Jakub (advisor) ; Čechurová, Jana (referee)
The bachelor's thesis Czechoslovakia Occultism and its Important Representatives during the First Republic copes the theme of modern occultism in context of western esoteric traditions and formation the modern society. It focuses on the methodological issues of new religion movements and secularization, and on the comprehensive typology of occultism. By processing the thesis a special emphasis was given on deeper culture and historical roots, which were the basics of the Czech modern occultism. Firstly there is the evolution and dynamics of individual occult movements in Czech country and subsequently its most important representatives are mentioned. The main concentration is on the directions, which achieved eminent organized forms during the First Republic such as the spiritism, the hermeticism or the mysticism. However other significant directions are also mentioned in the thesis for example the theosophy. Key words: social history, first republic, new religion movements, secularization, modernization, western esotericism, occultism, hermetism, spiritism, mysticism, theosophy, secret societies, religious societies, Universalia, Psyché
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Koclířov by Svitavy: pilgrimage place of (inter)national importance in a secularized state
Jančík, Jiří ; Havlíček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kučera, Zdeněk (referee)
In the masters dissertation Koclířov by Svitavy, a place of Marian pilgrimage, is presented as a lively seat of the Czech-Moravian Fatima, the national centre of Fatima Apostolate in the Czech Republic, a unique phenomenon within the universal Catholic Church. The centre of pilgrimage was established in 1995, hence it is relatively new. Pilgrims from all over Czechia as well as foreign pilgrims come here to enjoy its unique spiritual atmosphere. The centre offers a wide range of services including a traditional monastic cake shop and Shepherd shop offering devotional articles. Spiritual seminars held here once a month, every first Saturday, are particularly popular among the pilgrims. Serene monastery complex offers many sights and invites to quiescence. A Holy Gate opened by Mons. Jan Vokál, bishop of Hradec Králové diocese, in April 2016 in the frame of the Holy Year of Mercy is yet another unique feature of the place of pilgrim. Thus Koclířov has become one of the important church centres as this privilege is usually given only to cathedrals and minsters of particular dioceses. The Czech-Moravian Fatima in Koclířov will coordinate a wide range of festivities to celebrate the 100th anniversary of apparition the Virgin Mary in Fatima in Portugal in 2017. Number of Czech dioceses and their parishes...
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Secularization in Italy in the post-war-era: literature in the social context
Olša, Michal ; Pullmann, Michal (advisor) ; Jiroušek, Bohumil (referee)
EN The purpose of my thesis is to analyse the process of secularization in the post-war era in Italy. The study is focused on lower social classes. The aim of my thesis is to show the complexity of the process such as secularization; on the one hand there are statistic numbers showing the trend of falling religiosity, on the other hand we know Italians as believers in God and Italy as a country with catholic symbols appearing openly in public. To understand this ambivalence, it is necessary to distinguish church, religion and faith. As a primary source for my thesis I have chosen novels of the neorealist writers. As neorealism tries to capture predominantly the social reality and the writers show greater capability of uncovering the motivation of historical figure than any other possible sources, selecting the works of the neorealist writers proves to be more than suitable. The main methodology chosen for my thesis is typification, through which I tried to define the social stereotypes. The thesis is composed of nine chapters. Chapters one to three describe the political, economic and social situation of post-war Italy and define the social segment on which the thesis is focused. Presented is a characterization of neorealism and the authors as well as the most important theories of secularization...
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