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Bezpečnost pacienta při poskytování ošetřovatelské péče
POKOJOVÁ, Radka
The goal of the presented study is to assess patient safety during nursing care from two different points of view. The first view represented the opinions of the staff working in direct contact with patients, and the second view represented the management`s opinions of activities leading to quality improvement and care safety. The combination of a quantitative and qualitative study was used to meet the purpose of the thesis. The quantitative part used standardized questionnaires called The Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) developed by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), and Systems of Quality Improvement in European Hospitals designed for quality managers and coordinators within the project called Deepening of our Understanding of Quality Improvement in Europe (DUQuE) while this part was complemented by a qualitative study using a semi-structured dialogue. The sample consisted of 427 respondents (331 non-medical healthcare professionals working in direct contact with patients and 96 non-medical healthcare managers. The study using the HSOPSC tool showed that the respondents did not perceive patient safety at their workplace as problematic. They did not expect that patient safety would be put at risk during information handovers and patient transfers. Similarly, the management`s activities leading to patient safety improvement were assessed positively, which is one of key elements of ensuring safety culture. Higher attention should be paid to team cooperation across hospital wards, which influences the care coordination, and also to the personnel measures that influence the management of workload and development of errors. It was studied using the DUQUeE tool which sources and methods were the most common for quality improvement and care safety. Clinical audits and monitoring of work of individual staff nurses were mentioned as the most common systematic activities. Improvement efforts should be focused on the area of supporting information technologies and training dealing with internal peer review, and further projects of quality improvement. The sample of the qualitative study consisted of 9 respondents ? managers responsible for the coordination of quality improvement activities. The qualitative study used a semistructured dialogue, and complemented the quantitative study by the information on the ways of putting some areas into practice. Among others, it was found out that the range and quality of evaluated results corresponded with the absence of training in particular methods at the level of management of non-medical healthcare professions. This thesis has produced both theoretical and practical benefits. The practical benefit includes the recommendation of a suitable combination of testing methods for hospital self-assessments within the concept of safe care. The involvement of staff nurses and management will contribute to more effective promotion of safety and the whole process of continuous improvement, and repeated assessments will enable monitoring of the effect of safety measures. In the theoretical area, this study can extend the approach to management education since it provides various innovative views of safety problems and care quality.
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Selected Medicinal Products
Suchánek, David ; Kostřiba, Jan (advisor) ; Kolář, Jozef (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy Student David Suchánek Supervisor PharmDr. Jan Kostřiba, Ph.D. Title of Diploma Thesis Selected medicinal products Introduction: According to market authorisation selected medicinal products (SMP) have been sold outside pharmacies without prescription since 1998. Medicinal products containing paracetamol and ibuprofen belong to this category among others. There were 2368 vendors of SMP in 2017 in the Czech Republic. Objectives: The main purpose of this thesis was to analyse time and local availability, financial affordability of SMP and to analyse safety of selling SMP outside pharmacies. Methods: The research was performed between 12th March 2018 and 16th March 2018 in regions: Chrudim, Hradec Kralove, Pardubice and Rychnov nad Kneznou. 50 vendors of SMP were selected from the database of State Institute for Drug Control regarding proportional representation on the market in the Czech Republic. Subject of research was a 24-year-old male demanding SMP to treat acute toothache. Obtained data were filled in a prepared form. Results were processed by means of descriptive statistics. Results: Time availability was increased, especially in gas stations. 97.6% of vendors had extended opening hours on...
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Tools for identification and analyze risks in nursing practice.
PUCHNAROVÁ, Jana
Current state: Using tools to identify and analyse risks is presently very important in nursing to minimise the risk of harm to patients that can be prevented. The FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) is a very efficient tool to address the failure issue. It is an important preventive method determining possible failures and proposing preventive measures to minimise the risk of errors. The RCA (Root Cause Analysis) is another important tool to handle failures. Objectives of the work: The objective of the research was to determine processes with the highest risks in nursing and to find out the most common risks associated with the nurse profession. Another objective is to describe the undesirable events reporting methods and to find out the utilisation of all risk analysis methods by nurses. And the final objective was to describe the intervention fall prevention programmes.Methodology: A qualitative research method was used to prepare the empirical part of the thesis. Data were collected using in-depth interviews. Qualitative data were coded using the pencil and paper technique; data were then categorised and respective subcategories were determined and shown in the SmartArt application. Research participants: Interviews were conducted with the head nurse, quality manager, senior nursing officer and departmental sister from the department of internal medicine, department of neurology and aftercare department. The first research was conducted in Nemocnice Jindřichův Hradec, a.s., the second in Nemocnice Tábor, a.s. and the final one in Nemocnice Písek, a.s. Results: It was found out from the results of the qualitative research that the most risky processes included medication in form of pills when, for example, generics drugs are given incorrectly or drugs of wrong strength are administered. The second risk process is the preparation of drugs from concentrated solutions of kalium, heparin or insulin. Administering intravenous drugs and infusion solutions is the third risky process. Too many activities of a nurse at one time is often the cause. Non-cooperation, poor communication of the patient and his/her family also lead to risky situations.Another serious group of risky processes includes patient transfer, moving the patient from a stretcher to a bed or going to the toilet. Further, it was found out that the most common risks are nosocomial infections, falls and decubital ulcers. Too much workload of nurses and new staff undergoing training are also mentioned as a risk. They include in particular medical assistants. Prescribing drugs through a computer system where the doctor relies on the nurse that she will alert when wrong drugs are prescribed although it is not her obligation to do so is also considered a common risk. Closing the infectious department in a hospital is the next risk. Patients who have a suspicion for certain diseases are then examined in a department. Nurses working there are afraid of getting infected from the ill person. And quite often, a disease is really found in the patients. Respondents gave different answers to the procedure of reporting undesirable events. The answers were different from one hospital to another. Nevertheless, all the reporting go to the hospital management that evaluates it. Nurses in the inquired hospitals do not use any risk analysis method. Not even nurses in management positions do not work with the methods and do not know the FMEA method. A direct analysis is addressed by the quality manager who most often uses the RCA analysis. Its results are discussed at meetings of nurses in the department, meetings of senior nursing officers or meetings of chief physicians. As for preventive programmes reducing the risk of falls it was found out that in all hospitals the screening of the risk of falls is standardly performed in all patients upon admission, except hospitalisations shorter than 3 days.
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Preparation and use of dogs in IZS units
Konvalinka, Martin ; Fiala, Miloš (advisor) ; Vilášek, Josef (referee)
Title: Preparation and usage of dogs in Integrated Rescue System (IRS) Objectives: The goal of bachelor thesis is describe dog training methods and compare these methods with methods used by dog handlers who used their dogs for professional or rescue purposes. Methods: In the thesis will be used structured interview with its evaluation. It will be questioned only dog handlers who represent each category of IRS Results: There will be description of dog training methods for professional or rescue purpose. Keywords: Safety, preparation, dog, ingredients, use
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Design of Digital Soldering Station
Matušková, Adéla ; John, David (referee) ; Rubínová, Dana (advisor)
The subject of this Bachelor’s Thesis is a design of a digital soldering station, which is defined for amateurs, but also for professionals. The aim is to design a soldering station following user´s comfort, safety and technological and structural requirements. This project includes the analysis of current products, deals with entered aims of the work and describes the final solution.
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Development of ABS Control Algorithm for Heavy Commercial Vehicle
Slepánek, David ; Porteš, Petr (referee) ; Fojtášek, Jan (advisor)
This thesis is concerned with ABS algorithm project for commercial vehicles. In the first part the reader is introduced to the history and first usage of the anti-blocking system, its principles and main functions. There are also driving algorithms and functionality system control. The second part is dedicated to the dynamic model, programs and ADAMS Car and MATLAB Simulink interfaces. It also contains the description of the algorithm, its parameters and basic functionality assay. Simulation, program interlink, testing and tuning are also described. The concluding part deals with results and their assessment.
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Design of electrical installation of polyfunctional house
Sladký, Tomáš ; Pěcha, Jiří (referee) ; Janík, Daniel (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with the design of power and data installations in a multifunctional building. This building is composed of two parts - office space located on the first floor and four residential units located on the second floor. The theoretical part of the bachelor thesis deals with the basic definitions and principles for the creation of project documentation, at the end of the theoretical part is presented the proposal of artificial lighting and the design of emergency lighting of escape routes. In the practical part of the bachelor's thesis there is a completely processed project of electrical installation. The project consists of all the requisites necessary for the realization of the building and contains drawings of the floor plans of the two floors of the building, where the power and data wiring are drawn, also contains the diagrams of the connection of all the cabinets and the electricity meter cabinet, the power distribution diagram, the budget and the technical report. The design of the cabinets was verified using the SICHR calculation program.
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Safety sensors in industrial application
Mrkva, Tomáš ; Tůma, Zdeněk (referee) ; Blecha, Radim (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to create an overview of offered safety sensors used in automated operation. The sensors are sorted according to the technology they use for their function, is shown the principle of their function, the design variants and ultimately their advantages and uses. The work is divided into three parts. The first part deals generally with machine safety, risk assessment and security level. In the second main part, an overview of individual sensors is processed. The last part slightly touches on the issues of basic control systems.
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Design of small table saws
Krajča, Martin ; Tůma, Jiří (referee) ; Pavlík, Jan (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is the design of a small table saw. The first part of this thesis deals with the problematics of the table saws. We can find here described parts of the saw blade, its health & safety and situation on the market. The conclusion of this chapter is de-voted to selections of the design solution. The second chapter is devoted to the computatio-nal documentation. At the end of the thesis there is a visualization of the final solution with description of the individual construction nodes.
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Collaborative robots
Čefelín, David ; Knoflíček, Radek (referee) ; Vetiška, Jan (advisor)
This bachelor thesis summarizes the knowledge from the field of collaborative robotics. The research part deals with cooperation with collaborating robots, programming and using the collaborative robots in practice. In addition, the most well-known collaborative robots and their most important parameters are presented. In the practical part, the simple example of off-line programming with individual is shown.
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