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Analysis of far-right subjects in the Czech Republic and Slovakia
Podsedník, Michael ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Mlejnek, Josef (referee)
This master`s thesis deals with the theories of the far-right party family. The theoretical part consists mainly of textual work and the author introduces theory of the party family and the far-right party family. Next, theories of three different authors are introduced and on their bases the author studies selected political subjects, which are Dělnická strana sociální spravedlnosti, Svoboda a přímá demokracie of Tomio Okamura, Slovenská národná strana and Kotleba- Ľudová strana Naše Slovensko. The author bases the work on the concepts of far-right parties by these authors: Piero Ignazi, Hans-Georg Betz and Cas Mudde. Furthermore, the dynamic development of far-right parties, is described with focus not only on Europe but more specifically on Czech Republic and Slovakia. The goal of this thesis is to find out if it is possible to categorize various subjects into the far-right party family based on the selected criteria and potentially point out their differences. Mainly analytical and empirical method is used in this thesis. For the analysis of the parties, the author uses political programs, presentation of the subject in the public eye and media, and also their activity on social media.
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Media reflexion of national parties discourse about immigrants: Comparative analysis of Czech and French daily newspaper
Balucha, Martin ; Křeček, Jan (advisor) ; Nečas, Vlastimil (referee)
The diploma thesis Media reflection of the discourse of nationalist parties about immigrants: comparative analysis of the Czech and French daily newspapers investigates the manner in which Czech and French media reflect the speech of the Czech political party Svoboda a přímá demokracie (SPD) and the French political party National Front (FN) about immigrants. The aim of the present study is to examine how much space the Czech and French daily newspapers provide to the anti-immigrant discourse of these two parties. We also look into the context in which the representatives of these political formations speak about migrants and consider the labels they use to describe them. The method used in this research is a quantitative content analysis. By its means we analysed the articles published throughout the years 2015 and 2016 in the Czech daily newspapers as well as in the French daily Le Figaro. The study focused mainly on those parts (quotations) of the articles, where the politicians or the representatives of SPD or FN speak about migrants. The results show that analysed Czech and French newspapers provide rather little space in their articles for the discourse of SPD and FN representatives about immigrants. The findings also indicate that both in the Czech and the French daily newspapers the migrants are...
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The phenomenon of the rise of the extreme right in France, a content-discursive comparative analysis of the National Front candidates in the presidential elections since 2002
Húsková, Eva ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Komasová, Sarah (referee)
The aim of this bachelor's thesis is the comparison of two presidential candidates, representing the French extreme-right party called National Front since 2002. Over the last few years, the popularity of National Front has been rising - M. Le Pen got into second round of presidential elections in 2017 and also, the party has been obtaining more and more seats in Parliament as a result of legislative elections. This work analyzes the development of the National Front in correlation with the "dediabolization" concept - mechanisms, that aims to normalize its rhetoric (erasing xenophobic and racist remarks, islamophobia and antisemitism). The thesis is focusing on populist elements, which can be seen in the discourse, but also as an ideology promoted by presidential candidates - party leaders representing party interests and goals on a national level. The analysis is divided into two parts - first of all, it is a comparative content analysis of political programs from 2002, 2007, 2012 and 2017, based on four indicators, and in the second part, it is a discourse analysis of speeches from above-mentioned years. To conclude, the work summarizes the rhetorical refinement of M. Le Pen, in comparision with her father and the ways she presents information to the larger public (both in written, but also in...
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Analysis of the Israeli far-right activities on the West Bank
Mrázek, Vojtěch ; Jelen, Libor (advisor) ; Nováček, Aleš (referee)
There are many negative consequences related to the Israeli occupation of the West Bank. The phenomenon of the settler's violence is one of them. The aim of the thesis is to explain the conditionality of the violence and to put it into context with Israeli political scene. A quantitative analysis is made to examine the relationship between Israeli far-right parties' electoral gains and the incidence of violence against Palestinians residents of the West Bank. Also, spatial analysis is made to measure the level of clustering of the incidents. To articulate the theoretical assumptions, the theory of social cleavages was used. In line with the assumptions, the results suggest that in Jewish settlements on the West Bank, there is statistically significant connection between Israeli far-right parties' electoral gains and the number of the violent incidents. The strongest correlation is proven between the incidents and the electoral gains of the parties influenced by Kahanism, a militant racist ideology. There is a weaker correlation between the incidence of violence and the electoral gains of the parties representing Religious Zionism, an ideology that combines religion and nationalism. The spatial distribution of the incidents was irregular. There was a clustering of high values in several areas,...
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The Electoral Success of Far-right in Slovakia: An Empirical Analysis
Osuský, Peter ; Zouhar, Jan (advisor) ; Formánek, Tomáš (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to find factors that were catalysts or inhibitors of the unexpected electoral success of the far-right Slovak party People's Party - Our Slovakia and to create a model that describes its electoral gains elections across districts in the latest 2016 Slovak parliamentary election. For this purpose, methods of linear regression and spatial regression analysis are applied. The thesis concludes that using specific demographic, socioeconomic and in the case of spatial regression as well geographic characteristics of individual electoral districts such as share of population with higher education, share of male population, substantial presence of Roma or Hungarian minority etc., the electoral gains of the party across them can be relatively accurately estimated.
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Discourse Analysis of Political Attitudes of the Czech President Miloš Zeman and far-right political parties
Vocel, Jan ; Švec, Kamil (advisor) ; Charvát, Jan (referee)
The key research question of my diploma thesis deals with the problem of whether the President of the Czech Republic Milos Zeman creates the same discourse as far-right political parties in the Czech Republic. The research concerns the social discourse surrounding the current migration crisis facing Europe. In this connection, there is a discourse analysis of the themes of migration, Islam, terrorism, external and internal actors. This research is conducted on the basis of the theory of binaries from Teun Van Dijk, which can be applied to a populist political style characterized by President Zeman and extreme right-wing political parties, among which are analyzed the Workers' Party of Social Justice, National Democracy, Dawn - the National Coalition, Freedom And Direct Democracy - Tomio Okamura and the Citizens' Rights Party. Research data is collected from President Zeman's official communications channels and political parties, including official websites and social networks. Based on a discourse analysis of their political views, it is possible to compare President Zeman and the extreme right-wing parties to each topic and to conclude whether they speak the same or differently about these themes.
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Far-right parties in the European parliament
Bajtler, Martin ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Brunclík, Miloš (referee)
This thesis deals with the far-right parties in the European Parliament. Emphasis is placed on the situation after the elections to the European Parliament in 2014 and the post-election negotiations to create a single far-right political groups. The work introduces the theoretical concepts of the far-right, nationalism, anti-Semitism, racism, xenophobia, populism and euroscepticism. It also deals with the issue of the European Parliament, the formation of political groups and the character of the European elections. Far-right parties in the European Parliament are presented in a separate chapter, which deals with the history of their associating into political groups, the results of the 2014 European elections and negotiations about possible cooperation. Rhetoric and ideology of the far-right is presented on the example of three parties - the National Front, the UK Independence Party and the Golden Dawn.
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Islamophobia and New Populism in Contemporary Western Europe: France and the Netherlands
Kočařová, Martina ; Barša, Pavel (advisor) ; Slačálek, Ondřej (referee)
Islamophobia and New Populism in Contemporary Western Europe: France and the Netherlands Bc. Martina Kočařová The Master thesis Islamophobia and New Populism in Contemporary Western Europe: France and the Netherlands explores current transformations of populism in contemporary Western Europe. The main objectives of the thesis are following: First, to verify a hypothesis implying that islamophobia has become a new feature of the contemporary populism, which has been consequently changing in terms of its content. Thus, it can hardly be classified as another form of the 'far right' politics. In this context, one may observe its shift towards the centre of the political party system. Second, based on the above outlined assumption, we aim to study whether the populist parties can be considered 'populist' in spite of the new features they have recently adopted. The theoretical framework of our research refers to Paul Taggart's conceptualisation of populism applying it on the cases of the French National Front under the lead of Marine Le Pen and the Dutch Party for Freedom and his leader Geert Wilders.
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Far-right parties in the European parliament
Bajtler, Martin ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Černoch, Jakub (referee)
This thesis deals with the far-right parties in the European Parliament. Emphasis is placed on the situation after the elections to the European Parliament in 2014 and the post-election negotiations to create a single far-right political groups. The work introduces the theoretical concepts of the far-right, nationalism, anti-Semitism, racism, xenophobia, populism and euroscepticism. It also deals with the issue of the European Parliament, the formation of political groups and the character of the European elections. Far-right parties in the European Parliament are presented in a separate chapter, which deals with the history of their associating into political groups, the results of the 2014 European elections and negotiations about possible cooperation. Rhetoric and ideology of the far-right is presented on the example of three parties - the National Front, the UK Independence Party and the Golden Dawn.
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People's Association - Golden Dawn: The Rise of the Greek Far-right in the Time of Crisis
Karasová, Nikola ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Králová, Kateřina (referee)
This thesis is concentrating on the rise of the far-right in Greece during the global financial crisis. Specifically it focuses on the political party named Golden Dawn which is present in the Greek party system since the beginning of the 1980's, yet it did not gain positive electoral results earlier than in 2010. Based on primary and secondary sources, including the materials of the party, this thesis analyzes the ideological foundations and practical politics of Golden Dawn with the aim to classify it, to find the causes of its recent political success and to present it in the context of Greek and European far-right. It answers the question what the position of Golden Dawn is on the Greek political scene or on the international far-right scene, secondly what specifics and characteristic features it has in comparison to other far-right formations in Greece and in Europe.
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