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Disease from a perspective of selected world religions
Koubková, Hana ; Bartůšková, Ludmila (advisor) ; Opatrný, Aleš (referee)
This thesis "Disease from the perspective of selected world religions" first defines related terms, such as health, illness and religion, and then presents the problem of disease in the Buddhist, Judaic, Christian and Islamic concepts. Information is obtained from the basic religious texts and then from considerations of experts who dealt with the issue. The main objective of this thesis is to show how the religion looks at the causes of disease and how these causes have been associated with human sin. There are also reflected differences that result from the historical development and the different currents of thought within each religion. The study also examined the impact that a religious basis for the practical life of the faithful in the medical and social. In conclusion, the positions of the various religions are compared.
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Buddha and his Teaching
Čechová, Šárka ; Rybák, David (advisor) ; Hauser, Michael (referee)
The aim of this work is to understand some basic context of the Buddha's teachings and context in which it arises. At the same time we are trying our understanding at least partially shield the concepts and ideas of European tradition through which Buddhism is usually interpreted unproblematically. The problem of uniting traditions remain open and therefore this work does not aim to eliminate these problems, but we are only at grouping. In this work we are trying to draw attention to europocentrism perception of the Buddhist teachings, and based on this fact, at least in part, to interpret the Buddha's thoughts. Keywords Buddhism, Buddha, Eastern religions, Hinduism, India
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Zen-buddhism thought and its reflection in Japanese art
Soudková, Kateřina ; Sýkora, Jan (advisor) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
Zen Buddhism Thoughts and their Reflection in Japanese Art This thesis covers the development of Chan and Zen Buddhism thoughts, their effect on Japanese culture and their reflection in specific art forms. In the first part, it summarizes the arriving and settling of Zen in Japan as a follow-up to Chan development in China and as a reaction to the preceeding Buddhist schools in Japan. In the second part it deduces a set of criteria for defining "Zen Arts" from the general trends in taste at that time. And in the third part, it compares the differences in architecture, landscape design and painting before and after the influence of Zen. It follows the changes in development of specific components and techniques of these art forms and on this basis it determines what are the key Zen Buddhism thoughts that are expressed by that and how.
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Buddhism in Vietnam
Čechová, Šárka ; Rybák, David (advisor) ; Dvořáková, Markéta (referee)
Author: Bc. Šárka Čechová Department: Civic Education and Philosophy Title: Buddhism in Vietnam Supervisor: Mgr. David Rybák, Ph.D., Department of Civics and Philosophy Faculty of Education of Charles University in Prague Abstract: The main theme of this work is Buddhism as the primary religion in Vietnam. Work is focused on providing the image of Buddhism as a whole and then to its entrance into the Vietnamese culture through periods of Chinese domination. Marginally also mention about other religions in Vietnam, and Vietnamese traditions and customs. In conclusion, I will dedicate the image of Vietnamese living in the Czech Republic, which is affected by the collision of two cultures. We will monitor historically conditioned cultural and religious assumptions that have contributed to easier integration of Vietnamese immigrants.
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Symbolism and visual rhetoric of the Borobudur temple in the context of modern era
Pyšová, Michaela ; Petrů, Tomáš (advisor) ; Pokorný, Ondřej (referee)
Michaela Pyšová 2016 SYMBOLISM AND VISUAL RHETORIC OF THE JAVANESE BUDDHIST TEMPLE BOROBUDUR bachelor thesis Abstract The bachelor thesis deals with the Javanese Buddhist monument Borobudur, which is due to its unique architectural form and the symbolic value of the tangible important part of Indonesian and World Heritage Site. The building is a symbol of Buddhist cosmology and is used by the monks in its original ritual context even today. Javanese mentality evolved according to the transformation of religious and philosophical doctrines and changes over the centuries, similarly understanding the message of the monument by islamized contemporary society. Introduction of thesis defines cultural-historical context of Borobudur during the period ranging from the beginnings of Buddhism in India through dissemination of buddhist teachings in the Indonesian archipelago and its mingling with the local faith. The next part of thesis refers to the architecture of the monument, reliefs and message of the importance of overlapping structures into modern times. The goal of the analysis is primarily analysis of Javanese temple architecture as an ideological system that expresses the philosophical values of Buddhist culture spilling over into modern times.
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Fabulous Land of Shambhala
Hanker, Martin ; Berounský, Daniel (advisor) ; Vokurková, Zuzana (referee)
The myth of Shambhala shelters trandemously wide rande of symbols, which moved it towards new contexts of imagination and events, that augment its traditional purpose and sense. Indigenous contours of eschatological and utopistic archetypes are covered by new layers of interpretations, so the aim is to reveal the mythical roots via stepwise purification. After getting familiar with available materials, a prezentation of a development of the mythical images takes its place, based on publications referring to the primary sources. Main ideas are here introduced within corresponding areas slightly deeper. Following part interpretates some key elements of the myth and their wider context according to the secondary sources. Third chapter presents the role of Occident in connection with Shambhala as a oriental element, which we are still trying to understand in the propriate way. Some other western phenomenas are briefly described in the end too, because they are closely related to the issue of Shambhala in the West, but deeper focus on them is not the goal of this thesis. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Miyazawa Kenji, the Poet of Nature
Stříbrný, Jakub ; Weber, Michael (advisor) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
The aim of this work is introduction of ethics and cosmology found in the works of Miyazawa Kenji and their current interpretation by Japanese scholars through interpretation of novel Ginga Tetsudou no Yoru ( 銀 河 鉄 道 の 夜 ). Since the author's biography, especially his religious life (especially the thoughts contained in the Lotus Sutra and the author's view of Christianity), is an essential stepping stone for understanding of his work, the work focuses on these topics as well.
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Early Buddhist Cosmology of the Pali canon
Horáček, Petr ; Holba, Jiří (advisor) ; Melnikova, Nora (referee)
This paper is focused on the early Buddhist cosmology. It briefly presents the general concepts of cosmology in Buddhism and the Pali Canon in order to better emphasize the characteristics of the primary text on which the work is based, namely the Agaññasutta of the Pali canon. The author takes into account other suttas of the Pali canon and secondary literature as well. The Agaññasutta represents one of the first cosmological texts of Buddhism and can therefore be considered as a very valuable source of information about the early cosmological ideas and the context in which these ideas were formed. It deals with the destruction of the world, its re-emergence, the emergence of creatures, human beings and social strata, the election of the first king and the establishment of the ascetic social groups. To gain a better orientation in the source material, the plot can be divided into the period until the development of human beings, the creation of social institutions with the election of the king and the emergence of alternative social institutions headed by a Buddhist monk. The main aim of the present paper is to show that the Agaññasutta contains the structure based on the necessity of the emergence of the human beings in their physical form and endowed with their moral faults, the society which...
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Self-immolation in Buddhism
Gossová, Markéta ; Zemánek, Marek (advisor) ; Holba, Jiří (referee)
The subject of this thesis is self-immolation in Buddhist countries. The author shows examples from both history and the present and interprets them as a ritualised pattern passed on from the fourth century until the present time, the continuity of which was based on literary tradition as well as on historical occurrences. She demonstrates that self-immolations in Vietnam and Tibet also follow the centuries long tradition and prove to have the same components. The author intends to answer the question of the origin of the tradition in Buddhism and its broad popularity compared to other forms of self-sacrifice. Reasons for self-immolations among the Buddhists might have been manyfold: to demonstrate their loyalty to the buddhist doctrine and the Buddha, to use it as means of attaining enlightment immediately or as a form of a political protest. All of the above can be understood as a sacrifice to the Three Jewels of Buddhism, i.e. the Buddha, the Drarma and the Sangha. The author also handles self-immolation in Buddhism as a question of ethics in order to present the problem in its completeness. In doing so, she concentrates on the point of view of the followers of Buddhism themselves. The phenomenon proves to have many forms and therefore even the Buddhists are nor united in their opinions....
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