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The Element of Surprise: A Study of Two Modern Surprise Attacks
Tadevosyan, Tatevik ; Ludvík, Jan (advisor) ; Rosendorf, Ondřej (referee)
The thesis analyses two modern surprise attacks - the 1982 Falklands War between Argentina and Great Britain; and the 2016 April War (also known as the Four Days War) among Azerbaijan, Armenia, and de facto Republic of Nagorno Karabakh. Using literature of the Theory of Surprise, the study tries to determine the reasons why states chose the strategy of surprise, and how did they decide on the timing of the wars. It also displays the shortcomings inherent in the strategy of surprise, and points out where the mistakes, false assumptions of the belligerents in these two cases studies lay. Finally, a comparative study of the cases highlights the ideas that can improve a state's preparedness and hopefully avoid surprise attacks in the future. Thesis title: The Element of Surprise: A Study of Two Modern Surprise Attacks Author: Tatevik Tadevosyan Study programme: Security Studies Supervisor: Dr Jan Ludvík, PhD Year of the defence: 2020
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Liberalization of Abortion in Argentina: Implications of the Values Embedded in the Nation's Legislative Power, the Influence of the Catholic Church and the Contrast with the Uruguayan Experience
Quiles Hernández, Alexa Elleny ; Hejzlarová, Eva (advisor) ; Salamon, Janusz (referee)
Legalization of Abortion in Argentina: A Path-Dependency Reading of the Influence of the Catholic Church and the Contrast with the Uruguayan Experience Alexa Elleny Quiles Hernández Abstract Argentina's abortion laws only allow women to access a lawful procedure in cases of rape and health or life threat, and this has been driving women who do not wish to continue a pregnancy into criminal considerations and, in many cases, dangerous and unhygienic environments. The aim of this work is to delineate part of the historical path that has forged the strong relations between the Argentinean State and the Catholic Church since the colonial period and the influence this has had on restrictive abortion rights for women today despite the growing number of demands to legalize voluntary termination. To highlight this influence, this study contrasts the Argentinean experience with that of neighboring Uruguay, a country that successfully legalized abortion in 2012 and which drew an effective division between the Church and the State at an early stage, furnishing a more autonomous environment for the government to respond to citizens' needs. For this, this work takes on Paul Pierson's approach to increasing returns and path- dependency theory and researches and analyzes events, dynamics and factors that have paved...
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Washington Consensus in Latin America
Volfová, Kateřina ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Parízek, Michal (referee)
In order to restart economic growth in Latin America after the so-called "lost decade," most countries in the late 1980s began implementing neoliberal reforms aimed at economic transformation. The most important economic rules, which were summarized by John Williamson and named Washington consensus, aimed at providing macroeconomic stability and much needed economic growth. At first, the transition to market economy seemed successful. After years of economic stagnation, the economy began to grow again, inflation was reduced, privatization provided much needed funds to the state treasuries and the attention of foreign investors turned towards the region. However, the initial success did not last long. Economic growth was far smaller, than what was originally expected, and many countries were failing in dealing with unemployment, poverty, and growing income inequality. Growing scepticism was then fuelled by a series of economic crises in the second half of the 1990s. Comparing the impact of neoliberal reforms on the economies of individual countries is problematic because the way in which they were carried out has differed in many countries. Countries have undergone reforms at different time, different speed and with different intensity. The scope of the implemented reforms also differed. In the...
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Chov skotu ve vybraných zemích Latinské Ameriky a Evropské unie
Sálová, Martina
Sálová M. Cattle Breeding in Selected Countries of Latin America and European Union. Bachelor thesis. Brno: Mendel University in Brno. Faculty of Regional Development and International Studies, 2017. Supervisor of the bachelor thesis: prof. Ing. Ilja Vyskot, Csc. My Bachelor thesis is focused on Cattle Breeding in Selected Countries of Latin America and European Union. The first part of thesis is about breeding in the world, Latin America and European Union. I describe more specifically the main characteristics of selected countries. In the next part the thesis is focused on characteristics of cattle breeding in these countries. For description I used informations about history of breeding, types of breeds, locations and informations about trade with cattle. In the next part there are results used for detection of differences or common characters of breeding in these countries. At the end is discution about improvement of the situation.
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Vztahy Evropské unie a MERCOSURU a role Argentiny v nich
Dufková, Barbora
This thesis is focusing on a trade agreement between European union and Mercosur. It describes the way EU makes its trade agreements and how was this one made. Part of the thesis is focused on the role of Argentina in integrational group and how it was changing by the leading party. Even though it was being made through last twenty years, it is criticized, and the question is how easy or difficult will it be to ratify the deal in following years. The last part is about possible future of the agreement.
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The specifics of Argentina in mortality from infectious and parazitic diseases in the context of Latin America
Šorelová, Michaela ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
The specifics of Argentina in mortality from infectious and parasitic diseases in the context of Latin America Abstract This work deals with mortality from infectious and parasitic diseases in Argentina at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries. During this period, there was a high level of mortality from infectious diseases in Argentina, which is not common in countries where an epidemiological transition has already taken place. This thesis tries to theoretically explain the higher level of mortality from infectious diseases by describing the situation of infectious diseases in the Latin American region. It deals with the course of the demographic revolution and the epidemiological transition in the Latin American region, which had a significant impact on changes in mortality and describes the development of the incidence of specific infectious diseases in Argentina. The theoretical part is followed by an analytical explanation of mortality from infectious and parasitic diseases using the resulting indicators of mortality tables and decomposition methods used in the work. The main aim of this work was to find out what influenced the high and almost constant level of mortality from infectious diseases in Argentina at the turn of the century. The analysis was also made for selected Latin American...
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Falklands or Malvins? Czech view on teh War between British and Angentina governments
Semera, Jakub ; Říchová, Blanka (advisor) ; Krausz Hladká, Malvína (referee)
The main goal of this thesis is to explore the stance of former Czechoslovak media towards the Falkland and Malvina Islands war. The first part is focused predominantly on the conflict itself, historical claims of both countries, and their argumentation. Further, the steps of the United Nations General Assembly are listed, as an important part of media coverage at that time. The practical section represents the main pillar of this thesis. It investigates former printed media and their position regarding both sides of the conflict. Before the text analysis itself, censorship and other practices of former institutions are presented. These institutions were responsible for the stance of the media to be consistent with the Communist party ideologies. In the analysis, the daily press represented by Rudé právo, Svobodné slovo, popular science magazine 100+1 zahraniční zajímavost, magazine Nový Orient published by Academy of Sciences of the Czech republic and exile literature Demokracie v Exilu a Západ. The thesis also studies how much space was provided to the topic by individual publishers, in what ways did the publishers use the facts and whether they were neutral or if they were biased towards any side. The biggest difference in the interpretation of facts and support of the sides of the dispute can...
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United States foreign policy towards Argentina and Chile during the Kissinger's era (1969-1977)
Zboženská, Lucie ; Calda, Miloš (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
United States in the 1970's are often seen mainly in connection with the Vietnam War, the normalization of the USSR relationship and the establishment of diplomatic relations with China. At the time, American foreign policy was primarily concerned about the possible spread of the influence of the USSR and the possible emergence of the "second Cuba". H. Kissinger, R. Nixon, and G.Ford were well aware of the weakening position of US power abroad and the deteriorating domestic economic and political situation. It was part of the constantly prolonging war in Vietnam, the home scene was shaken by Watergate, which led to the resignation of R.Nixon in 1974. The US could not afford to start another military conflict. Their policy therefore took the form of indirect, hidden interventions (with the help of the CIA) and economic support of their allies. They also supplied weapons and provided training to soldiers of those countries whom they considered to be allies. Support for the Latin-American right-wing regimes was the result of the pragmatic approach of the American politicians I mentioned previously. It was a way to prevent the military intervention in the region, which was increasingly profiled by the anti-American way of thinking. It was based on the belief that the US security interests would be best...
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Influence of Italian fascism on Peronism in Argentina
Sabolová, Ema ; Mejstřík, Martin (advisor) ; Kubát, Michal (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the influences of Italian fascism on Peronism in Argentina. First of all, attention is paid to the theoretical concept, in an effort to define the ambiguous notion of fascism as precisely as possible. The work focuses on the overview of several scientific approaches and theories on this phenomenon, the characteristic features and the practical functioning of the fascist regime in Italy during the inter-war period. The problem of misinterpretation and misuse of this term is also examined. Further attention is paid to Argentina between 1946-1955, the period of Peron's presidency, which is still a very polemical part of Argentinean history. The thesis tries to analyze the functioning of Peronism, its historical context, and some characteristic features. In the following, the thesis focuses on the comparison of the two regimes, Mussolini's fascist Italy (1922-1943) and Perón's Argentina (1946-1955), on the basis of predetermined criteria such as: the leadership, the relationship of regimes to democracy, economic policy and the relation of regimes to elites. These criteria analyze and compare the political practice of both politicians. The aim of the thesis, based on the analysis of common features and differences, is to confirm or refute the thesis that Peronism was a...
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The Czechoslovak Government-in-exile and its Relationship to Argentina 1939-1945
Horáková, Denisa ; Soukup, Jaromír (advisor) ; Krausz Hladká, Malvína (referee)
The bachelor thesis "The Czechoslovak Exile Government and its Relationship to Argentina in the years 1939-1945" examines the development of the struggle of the Czechoslovak exile government for recognition by the Argentine government. The thesis not only deals with the process of recognition of the Czechoslovak exile government and embassies in Buenos Aires, but also by the activities of compatriots in Latin America that helped foreign resistance through social activities. I use here primary sources which I found during study in the Archive of Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic. Very important is also the first chapter. I mention here the historical development of Argentina since the 20th century, its relation to the world's great powers, and finally the development of Argentina in the Second World War. I conclude the thesis with summary of answers to research questions.
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