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"What is happening underground" or as we might call the project to develop a continuous expressing and the promoting understanding readings text of preschool children
Zyklová, Petra ; Laufková, Veronika (advisor) ; Starý, Karel (referee)
This master's thesis deals with the development of a coherent expression and understanding of read out text by pre-school age children. Theoretical part is focused on a speech development, coherent expression, reading pre-literacy, fairytales and a topic of asking questions. This work also includes the characteristics of a pre-school education and environmental care issues. Furthermore this work defines important knowledge from the General educational programme for preschool education, from which was a practical part preparation based on. Its goal was to design a development of coherent expression and understanding of read out text project, connected with the "What happens under the ground" topic, design particular lessons, implement them in a general kindergarten, reflect its realization and suggest recommendation for practice. Importance of a kindergarten teacher role was confirmed, because he or she is for children speaking idol. Involvement of parents into the project seems as very beneficial - for family relationship, reading pre-literacy and coherent expression children development. Moreover children during the project realization improved their ability to answer higher cognitive difficulty questions.
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Communication of Twins in Various Communicative Situations
Šullová, Zuzana ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (advisor) ; Šebesta, Karel (referee)
The thesis presents a pragmatic analysis focused on the communication of twins from the 35th to the 37th month of their life in different communicative situations. The paper is based on a case study of twins. The theoretical part of the thesis is based on texts on language acquisition and communication of 3-year-old children and acquisition of pragmatics. The material for the analysis comprises of audiovisual recordings made with informed consent from the parents of the twins who were further supplemented by information obtained through parental questionnaires and interviews with the parents. Video recordings are transcribed according to the principles of CHAT of CHILDES corpus. The material is analyzed in terms of means that the children use to express communication plans. The results of the analysis are compared with the results from the theoretical part. Keywords Child speech, child language, communication, twins
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Diagnostics of lexical and semantic level of language in preschool age
Malechová, Veronika ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (referee)
This theses deals with diagnostic of speech development of pre-school children. Its focus is on lexical-semantic language level. The goal of my work is to trace and map diagnostic possibilities in the lexical- semantic area of of pre-school children and to introduce the international PPVT test , considering its adaptation into czech language environment. Theses consists of two parts - the theoretical and empiric. Theoretical part is concern with the most important theories and personalities in the speech development and the process of experiencing language, characteristics of pre-school period, ontogenesis of speech and the ways to evaluate vocabulary and semantics in Czech and overseas. The empiric part examines the usages of PPVT in czech environment. The survey was realised by quantitative research, using datas from 236 tested individuals. The PPVT was adapted into czech language and given to preschool children, whose results were compared with the results of american children. The outcomes of the empiric part could be a solution for future research in the area, with the purpose of adapting a testing- language instrument into czech language and widening the limited possibilities in the field of language and speech development evaluation. Keywords: ontogenesis of speech, pre-school period,...
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How the new media affect speech of children and adolescents
Lokvencová, Lenka ; Šoltys, Otakar (advisor) ; Kraus, Jiří (referee)
In my thesis named How the new media affect speech of children and adolescents I focus on the changes trends in the speech of the young generation. Nowadays children and adolescents very often use abbreviations in their speech, they prefer the foreign origin words to the Czech equivalents and they use media tools for communication more then they use interpersonal communication. According to my hypothesis the changes are caused by the influence of the media world that accompany the new generation throughout whole childhood. According to many experts the medias form the children as well as the family and the kid's surroundings. Using a questionnaire survey in the specific groups of 11 to 15 years old children I try to find out if the changes in the children speech are real and how much are the media involved, no matter if it regards media "tradicional" or "new" ones. The questionnaire focuses on the all aspects of the language; vocabulary, words meaning, using foreign equivalents and the proces of communication. If I find out the changes I also try to find out the reason of their formation and whether they are connected to the (new) media.
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Time and Space in Written Production of Children
Švarcová, Hana ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (advisor) ; Synková, Pavlína (referee)
This thesis deals with time and space expresion in written composition of 5th and 9th grade students. The thesis is dividend in two parts. First on eis focused on teoretici knowledge of naratology, development psychology and research of language acqusition regarding upper primary school students. Written compositions of 5th and 9th grade students are analyzed in sekond (practical) part according to knowledge described in first part of this thesis. Areas of interest are koherence of expresion, time, space and charakter describing. In closing of this part is comparison between both age Gross. In conclusion you can find proposals for school edication improvng according to results of students works analysis.
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Expression of Communicative Intentions (Early Child Speech)
Uhlířová, Markéta ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (advisor) ; Filippová, Eva (referee)
The thesis presents a pragmatic analysis focused on the repertoire of communicative intents in the speech of a child from the 23rd to the 29th month of its life. The work is based on a case study of one child. The theoretical part of the work in chapters 1-3 is based on the study of literature, especially the literature of communication intentions, pragmatic functions and their expression and relevant literature of language and communication of 2 years old children. Before the start of recording we have obtained informed consent from the parents of a child whose communication were analysed. Basic material for the analysis are the video recordings of family communication of the child in various situations, the material was supplemented by observations and interviews with parents. Video recordings are transcribed according to the principles of CHAT (corpus CHILDES) and then (in chapters 4 and 5) is analysed in terms of recorded communication situations and communicative intents expressed by a child. The results of our work we compare with the results in existing literature.
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Diagnostics of verbal abilities of children from a linguistic point of view
Benešová, Andrea ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (advisor) ; Šebesta, Karel (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the analysis of verbal subtests of selected Intelligence tests (Analytical Test of Intelligence, Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children, Vana Intelligence Test and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children). The analysis focuses on the types of verbal abilities and communication skills examined by those tests, and on types of exercises used in the psycho-diagnostics practice. The thesis concentrates on the tests used for diagnostics of verbal abilities in Czech children who are in the age group of up to 12 years. The theoretical part includes basic terms of the theory of Intelligence and Intellect abilities and basic knowledge of child development. The so called pre-school evolution is the most important period because of the child language acquisition and because of the development of communication abilities and skills at the lexical-semantic, morphological-syntactic, phonetic-phonologic and pragmatic levels. The thesis concentrates on the so called younger age evolution as this period is primarily connected with the school maturity / readiness. Keywords verbal abilities, diagnostic tests, vocabulary, child talk, communication skills
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Development of vocabulary in early school age children
Fojtíčková, Eva ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (advisor) ; Filippová, Eva (referee)
The presented thesis deals with the issue of ontogenesis of speech of children at preschool age. The first part of thesis presents theoretical basics from the field of developmental psycholinguistics. The theoretical part deals with the standard development of children's vocabulary and approaches to speech adoption, with aspects that influence the ontogenesis of speech and finally with deviations from a prevalent standard that are connected with handicaps. The first part also presents questionnaires that discover the degree of children's vocabulary. This part refers in detail to findings about children's speech at the age of 6 - 8. In practical part of this thesis active and passive vocabulary of children attending the 1st to 3rd grade of primary school is tested. The intact children and children with specific learning and behavioral disabilities and a child with Cerebral Palsy were tested in the survey. For the purpose of this thesis a pictorial test including 15 pictures was created. It contains particular nouns from different semantic categories. Key words: children speech, preschool period, phase of progress, passive and active vocabulary, semantic field, synonym, ontogenesis of speech and communication, learning disabilities, Cerebral Palsy, disability
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