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The period of the Third Czechoslovak Republic in the context of international agreements and international politics
Czapek, Alexandr ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Blažek, Lukáš (referee)
The Third Czechoslovak Republic Period in the Context of International Contracts and International Politics This thesis titled "The Third Czechoslovak Republic Period in the Context of International Contracts and International Politics" is divided into a total of five chapters. In the first chapter, or rather in its theoretical part, the author first defines the observed period of 1938-1948 and then defines the legal institutes with which he works in the thesis. In the second chapter of the thesis, the author describes the period of the so-called Second Republic and its political development. In the third chapter of the diploma thesis, the author describes the activities of the Czechoslovak authorities in foreign exile. In this chapter, he discusses the steps of the foreign resistance directing the Czechoslovak government in exile and the process leading to the denunciation of the Munich Agreement. In the last part of this chapter, the author discusses the influence of communist members of parliament on foreign resistance, the improvement of relations with the Soviet Union, President Beneš's visit in Moscow and the negotiation of an alliance agreement between Czechoslovakia and the USSR. In the fourth chapter of the diploma thesis, the author deals in detail with the so-called Potsdam Conference....
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Geographical patterns of reptile distribution in Czechia
Borský, Václav ; Romportl, Dušan (advisor) ; Matějček, Tomáš (referee)
This bachelor thesis named Geographical patterns of reptile distribution in Czechia compares current and potential distribution of reptile species, which can be found in the Czech nature. In the taxonomic hierarchy the class Reptiles is not in the spotlight of science research. However this group of animals has the lowest biodiversity compared to other vertebrates. The first part of the thesis shows reptile species of Czechia and literature research in methods being used to potential species distribution modelling. The practical part of the thesis shows a modelling for potential distribution of reptiles by using observation data with duration between the years 2000 and 2023. The maximum entropy method was used. Results demonstrate potential localities with physical geographical conditions as similar as localities where species truly observe and could be observed. Key words: reptiles, realized niche, potential distribution, habitat suitability modelling
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Preparation and properties of cyanide-transforming enzymes and their analytical uses
Šťastná, Katarína ; Martínková, Ludmila (advisor) ; Čermáková, Michaela (referee)
Cyanides are compounds that are both naturally occurring and used in various industries. Their negative effects on human health, but also on the environment, have been demonstrated and their occurrence should therefore be monitored. The aim of this master thesis is the enzymatic determination of free cyanide, focusing on the characterization and application of specific enzymes within enzymatic cascades. The main objectives include the production and purification of key enzymes involved in cyanide conversion, namely cyanide hydratase (CynH), formamidase (AmiF), and cyanide dihydratase (CynD). The enzymes' catalytic properties and effectiveness in detecting cyanide were assessed. Spectrophotometric techniques were used to measure intermediates and products enzymatic reactions. The development, testing and optimization of enzyme cascades was carried out to demonstrate their feasibility and efficiency in cyanide determination. As a result, two selective, sensitive and rapid enzymatic assays for the detection of free cyanide have been developed. The proposed assays require small amounts of samples, enzymes and other components and enable rapid cyanide determination in less than two hours. Overall, this research contributes to the advancement of methods for cyanide analysis, with potential applications...
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The climate of schoools in socially excluded and non-excluded localities
Kafková, Barbora ; Tirpák, Jan (advisor) ; Kadrnožková, Monika (referee)
The bachelor's thesis deals with the analysis of the climate of schools in socially excluded and non-excluded locations. This is a very relevant topic these days, so it's important to search more about it. Theoretical part of thesis, is focused on the definition of the basic areas of the monitored issue, with an emphasis on the climate of the school classroom and individual selected actors of this school life. The practical part examines the climate of schools from excluded and non-excluded locations. The research is conducted on the basis of a set of Klima školy questionnaires (Grecmanová et al., 2012) for teachers and pupils. The respondents are elementary school students, specifically the second grade of elementary school. The aim of the work is to find out, analyze and compare the differences in the evaluation of selected areas of school climate in these locations by pupils and teachers. The total number of pupils in individual schools is 592, with 273 pupils from excluded locations and 319 pupils from non-excluded locations. The results found in the questionnaire for pupils are subsequently compared with the evaluation of the intersectional items of the questionnaire for teachers. KEYWORDS School climate, excluded localities, questionnaire, older school age, teachers, pupils
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Difference in approaches to prevention and therapy of male and female football players with ACL injury - research paper
Leszkow, David ; Pavlů, Dagmar (advisor) ; Reckziegelová, Petra (referee)
Title: Differences in Approaches to Prevention and Therapy for Female and Male Football Players with ACL Injuries - A Systematic Review Objective: The main aim of this thesis is to investigate whether there are different approaches to the prevention and treatment of ACL injuries in male and female football players. Methods: The thesis is prepared as a theoretical text in the form of a systematic literature search using PubMed, Web of Science and PEDro databases. The first part of the thesis contains the current status of the studied issue, theoretical background and treatment options for ACL injuries. The second part is descriptive-analytical in nature. It contains an analysis of the studies included in the thesis. Results: After the search, 4 studies met the criteria. Each of them focused on injury prevention, but unfortunately none of them investigated physiotherapy as such. However, the evaluation of the studies shows that both men and women use the same prevention programmes in football, which can reduce the risk of injury by up to 50 %. A limitation of the search is that most of the studies used did not examine the effect of prevention on both sexes simultaneously. Keywords: ACL, LCA, přední zkřížený vaz, ruptura, plastika, prevence, poranění, fyzioterapie, rehabilitace, postup, ženy, muži,...
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Analysis of antibiotic administration in open appendectomies in pediatric patients.
Šugrová, Kristína ; Rejmanová, Anna (advisor) ; Šorf, Aleš (referee)
Analysis of antibiotic administration in open appendectomies in pediatric patients Author: Kristína Šugrová Tutor: PharmDr. Anna Rejmanová, Ph.D. Consultant: PharmDr. Petra Rozsívalová Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and aims: Appendicitis represents the most frequent indication to a surgical abdominal intervention in population of paediatric patients. In case of complications, such as abscess, periappendicular infiltrate or perforation with peritonitis, it can even lead to a life- threatening condition. The aim of this study was to analyse antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) in paediatric patients undergoing open appendectomy, as well as antibiotic treatment of complicated appendicitis. Another aim was to compare the administration of antibiotics (ATB) before and after the implementation of recommended hospital procedures (RHP). Subsequently, to monitor the incidence of complications and length of hospital stay and their association with ATB administration and other risk factors. Methods: An unicentric retrospective study was carried out. Patients aged ≤ 18 years who underwent an open appendectomy at the Department of Paediatric Surgery and Traumatology at the University Hospital in Hradec Králové between years 2014 and...
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Effect of biostimulants on growth and defence reactions in plants
Vlčková, Denisa ; Ryšlavá, Helena (advisor) ; Innemanová, Petra (referee)
Biostimulants are microorganisms or substances of natural origin that promote plant growth and defence against abiotic and biotic stress. The mechanism of action of biostimulants is still a subject of research. In this work, two biostimulants were studied: fermented nettles and vermicompost leachate. Both biostimulants possessed soluble proteins with lower relative molecular weights and peptides, carbohydrates, phenolic substances as well as active proteolytic enzymes and glycosidases. After application of biostimulants to the maize plants (Zea mays L.), growth parameters did not change significantly, but the plants had higher content of proteins and phenolic substances, higher antioxidant capacity and activity of some peroxidase isoforms. The effect of drought on plant growth, metabolism and antioxidant system after application of fermented nettles and vermicompost leachate was also studied. Maize plants under drought stress treated with biostimulants were able to maintain higher water content, showed higher content of proteins, phenolic compounds and higher glutathione reductase activity than untreated stressed control plants. Both tested biostimulants affected the metabolism of drought-stressed maize plants, with the positive effect being more pronounced in the lower-humus soil. Key words:...
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Diagnostics of adhesion of the tram wheel using Acoustic emission method
Skoupý, Martin ; Dočkal, Aleš (referee) ; Klapka, Milan (advisor)
The aim of the thesis is to develop a method of adhesion diagnostics of a tram wheel by monitoring the acoustic emission originating from the wheel-rail contact. Application on a twin-disk test rigs is expected. The possibilities of using both contact and contactless sensors are examined. The thesis is focused on describing the response to varying speeds, angles of attack and the change of adhesion due to the application of water into the contact. RMS and energy of the acoustic emission, kurtosis or Shannon’s entropy were evaluated. It was discovered, that form the low values of the angle of attack (10 mrad) the acoustic emission RMS rises in linear manner with further increase of the angle or speed. After the application of water, the drop of the acoustic emission corresponding to the drop of adhesion coefficient was detected. The transitional states associated with unequal distribution of water were observed following its application and during the contact starvation. This can lead to an undesirable squeal noise. Another transient phenomenon manifested by the increase of acoustic emission activity was observed preceding the contact starvation, its timing corresponds to the removal of oxide layer described in the literature. Acoustic emission therefore proved to be suitable for its study and possibly for the contact starvation prediction.
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Trends in renewable sources and in modern energy
Kotas, Tomáš ; Preisler, Lukáš (referee) ; Kudela, Libor (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of renewable energy sources. Renewable energy sources are categorized and extensively described, including the principles of their functions and basic parameters. The thesis further focuses on the development of the position of renewable energy sources over the years compared to non-renewable energy sources worldwide and in the Czech Republic. This development is monitored in terms of both electricity and heat. Statistics indicate that the share of renewable energy sources in both forms of energy is increasing. The thesis also analyzes the origin and course of discussions related to this issue, including climate change and international cooperation. Possible predictions and specific scenarios related to the energy vision are provided for both the Czech Republic and on a global scale within the thesis. All scenarios agree on the same future trend – an increasing share of renewable energy sources at the expense of non-renewable sources. In conclusion, the thesis addresses current trends in technologies in modern energy, with the most significant technological progress in recent years observed in the fields of electromobility, hydrogen, and CCUS. The final chapter discusses methods of energy storage.
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Processing of grapes into non-traditional products
Černý, Marek ; Pacasová, Viktorie-Alexandra (referee) ; Mikulíková, Renata (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis focuses on the processing of grapes into non-traditional products, mainly on grape jelly with the addition of spices, herbs and juices. The aim of this work is to investigate, which combination of herbs, spices or juices leads to the best sample. In the theoretical part of the thesis is described morfology of grapevine, it’s technological processing and variation of uses in food industry. Sensory analysis is also described, which represents a big part of thesis. The experimental part focuses on the desription of preparation of flavoured jelly and on it’s sensory analysis. Vitamin C was also studied with the usage of HPLC. Based on the sensory analysis data, the best sample was with lemon balm. Vitamin C was evaluated using HPLC and was determined to be around 0,017 – 0,028 mg per jelly.
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