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The Impacts of Economic Globalization on Poverty and Income Inequality: Evidence from CEECs
Hu, Yi ; Jeřábek, Petr (advisor) ; Amini, Chiara (referee) ; Semerák, Vilém (referee)
This paper aims to explore the relationship between economic globalization and poverty and income inequality in Central and Eastern Europe Countries (CEECs). Despite the considerable research on the effects of globalization on poverty and income inequality, there is a lack of consistent conclusions and a specific emphasis on CEECs. To address these research gaps, we employ two-way fixed-effects regression model, country fixed- effects regression model, and random effects-regression model to examine the impacts of the KOF economic globalization index as well as its sub-indices on World Bank absolute poverty estimates and World Bank Gini index estimates using panel data of nine high-income CEECs from 2004 to 2020. Overall, the study suggest that economic globalization reduces both poverty and income inequality in CEECs, which contradicts the expectation that globalization may exacerbate income inequality. By disaggregating the impacts of economic globalization, the results show that trade and financial globalization can significantly reduce poverty yet only financial globalization can substantially decrease income inequality. Additionally, positive effects of restrictions are more robust than those of actual flows. These findings support policies that promote economic openness in CEECs to mitigate...
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Impact Social Safety Nets on Development Efforts
Saeed, Malaika Ahmed Iqbal ; Tesař, Jakub (advisor) ; Musil, Pelin Ayan (referee)
This thesis explores the potential of how Social Safety Nets (SSNs) impact development. The paper will focus on cash transfer and food subsidy programs, implemented in Ghana, Brazil, and Pakistan. The discussion in this piece of work shall facilitate the debate on how Social Safety Nets (SSNs) affect various development indicators. In addition, the paper will also highlight a framework of what an ideal evaluation scheme for such programs must entail. Conclusively the evaluation results are analyzed, challenges with data quality and measurement will be discussed and further avenues of research are be highlighted.
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The Perception of Poverty by Second Grade Pupils at Selected Elementary School
Tobišková, Dana ; Hanušová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Blažková, Veronika (referee)
The diploma thesis focuses on the perception of poverty among the pupils of the second grade of the selected primary school - Primary School and Kindergarten Dolní Poustevna. Specifically, it deals with the extent to which pupils distinguish subjective perception of poverty, whether they are able to distinguish groups of people at risk of poverty, whether they are oriented in the possible assistance to people at risk of poverty. Distinguish and describe different aspects of child poverty. Interpretation of the issue. The theoretical part is divided into two parts. The first part explains and describes aspects of poverty, from the definition of poverty itself, to its concepts, causes, measurement, the poverty cycle and the issue of social exclusion. The second part focuses on the issue of the child and his/her needs. It deals with the psychological and biological development of the child and the importance of the family in the child's life. Attention is also paid to the social and legal protection of the child, the prevention of poverty and the role of the state in this issue. The practical part consists of a research investigation, which was carried out in the form of questionnaires in a primary school. It is a quantitative research where the method of questioning was used. The aim of the work is...
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Forgotten Women. A Radio Documentary Concerning the Gender Aspects of Homelessness among Women
Müllerová, Anna ; Němcová Tejkalová, Alice (advisor) ; Macková, Veronika (referee)
This thesis, complemented with 32-minute long radio documentary, focuses on the gender aspects on women's homelessness. Women often have to face difficulties that lagerly differ from men's homelessness, specifically when it comes to hygiene, violence, motherhood, seuxal violence and drug abuse. Testimonies of social services employees and experts in the field are intended to outline the complex issue, but also to introduce the solution - services that specialize in women's homelessness. The practical part is above all based on interviews with three homeless women, which are intended to provide authentic insight into the phenomenon. As sources, I will use available academic literature and other public sources, as well as interviews with experts that were specifically created for the purposes of this thesis.
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Remitence a ekonomický rozvoj v zemích jižní Asie a Latinské Ameriky
Kupka, Michal
Remittances have become a very important source of income in developing countries. The aim of the thesis is to identify the main impacts of remittances on economic development in South Asia and Latin America and to compare these impacts between these regions. The main impacts of remittances on economic development were identified by literature review. The available literature dealing with topic of remittances devotes the most space to impacts on gross domestic product, poverty, education, health and investment. Next, regression models were used to quantify and to find differences between identified main impacts. System GMM estimator was used to find impact on gross domestic product. Different effect of remittances on the growth of gross domestic product between regions was found. Using the OLS model, a different effect was found also in the case of the impact of remittances on poverty. The impact on education was the last impact analyzed. According to the OLS model, there is a larger difference in educational expenditure between remittance receiving households and households not receiving remittances in Latin America than in South Asia. The impact on health and investment has not been further investigated due to lack of data.
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The effects of early marriage on girl child education in Berekum municipality in the Bono region of Ghana
Arthur, Prince
In the Berekum municipality in Ghana's Bono region, the study discusses the topic of early marriage. It expressly gives evidence relating to the factors causing it to continue as well as the unfavourable outcomes that make it more difficult for girls to exercise their human rights. The research also illustrates how early marriage affects young females' ability to pursue a career in the academia. Interviews and questionnaires were used to collect the research's data. The analysis makes it clear that early marriage has a negative impact on girls' human rights since it robs them of their freedom and opportunities for personal development when education is not accessible, according to the report. When young girls leave school to get married, it hinders their education and is detrimental to the municipality's development as well as that of those who are not yet born. The MDGs' goals to improve basic education, alleviate poverty, combat HIV/AIDS, and lower the rate of maternal death are all directly incompatible with this behaviour Therefore, it is advised that all parties interested in education and children's welfare, as well as all development organizations, including the government, start a massive education campaign to inform the public about the impacts of early marriage on a girl's ability to attend school. To this end, it would be important if the government of Ghana and other organizations give teen girls' education more attention.
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