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Analysis of the Factors of Collapse of the Bretton Woods Monetary System
Havlíček, Jiří ; Johnson, Zdenka (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the Bretton Woods monetary system which was the important factor influencing the international economic situation since the end of World War II until the beginning of the 1970s. Specifically, the thesis focuses on the analysis of factors which led to the collapse of the Bretton Woods monetary system and tries to answer the question if the main reason of the collapse was irresponsible fiscal policy of the USA. In the first part, there is a description of creation, final version of the Bretton Woods agreement, and key institutions of the system. Main part of thesis is divided into the three subchapters. Each one adresses one of the three major problems of the Bretton Woods monetary system, which were adjustment problem, liquidity problem, and confidence problem. There is an analysis of causes and consequences of each issue. Conclusion of the thesis is the statement that fiscal policy of the USA was not either underlying, or original cause of the collapse of the system, however the fiscal policy of the USA worsened the situation and greatly accelerated the collapse of the system. But it is not possible to identify the key problem, the issues were too much interrelated to determine the most critical.
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Selected aspects of economic relations between the European Union and the People's Republic of China at the beginning of the 21st century and their real impact on the world economy
Smola, Filip ; Bolotov, Ilya (advisor) ; Čajka, Radek (referee)
The main aim of this dissertation is to analyze selected economic activities and economic relations occurring between the European Union and China. This dissertation is divided into four main chapters to ensure coherence and continuity throughout the research. The first chapter deals with the historical development of mutual cooperation between Europe and China. This chapter emphasizes recent events. The most extensive part of this work, the second section, addresses key areas of cooperation between the EU and China. Most of the research focus is devoted to trade economic relations and investment relations. Further, the second chapter addresses controversial areas within the mutual EU-China relations. In contrast with the second chapter, which looks at the mutual relations from the perspective of the whole EU, the third chapter distinguishes bilateral relations between two EU countries and China. The purpose of the third chapter is therefore to highlight the different approach of individual EU member countries. In the last chapter, I try to assess the growing influence of both the EU and China within the global economy. Finally, I outline the possible future development of the research topic.
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The role of the United States dollar as world’s reserve currency since the Bretton Woods monetary system to the present
Schödel, Michael ; Šimíček, Petr (advisor) ; Štekláč, Jiří (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to analyze the role of the United States dollar since The Bretton Woods monetary system to the present. During the Bretton Woods monetary system US dollar gained the dominant position. It was taken from British pound and is maintained till now. Neither crash of this system in the seventies of the 20th century nor establishment of the common European currency -- Euro, did not end the privileged position of US dollar. In my thesis I deal with advantages and disadvantages of this privileged position for USA and for other countries. Further I analyze the position of the US dollar and USA within The International Monetary Fund and I also compare selected indicators of relevant global currencies. Then I focus on the present biggest currency competitor of the US dollar -- the Euro, and the currency with the greatest potential for the future -- the Chinese yuan.
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The Issue of Poverty and Its Practical Impact in Sub-Saharan Africa
VIEHMANNOVÁ, Kristýna
The work deals with the problem of poverty and its causes, impacts and possible help in Sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this thesis is based on the study of documents and other resources to present the issue of poverty, its causes, indicators and possible help in Third World Countries, to investigate the ways the International Monetary Fund helps in the fight against poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa in line with the Millennium Development Goals, which were adopted by representatives of all UN Member States in 2000 at the Millennium Summit. The research was conducted by the secondary data analysis, focused on written documents, literature, press and television broadcasts on the International Monetary Fund and the question of whether this is in line with the MDGs. In the work I specify the concept of poverty in the context of African countries, I point to the geographic, demographic and cultural characteristics of this continent, the beginning of the crisis and indebtedness of states with international institutions like the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. Further, I give a detailed description of the International Monetary Fund as an institution from its foundation, including the roles it plays in financial assistance to countries. In my work I conclude that the policy proposed by the IMF, which is financial austerity, privatization and market liberalization, is by no means an effective way to economic growth in poor countries of Sub-Saharan Africa and definitely does not correspond to meeting Millennium Development Goals.
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The influence of the European union on the world economy
Sabol, Branislav ; Bič, Josef (advisor) ; De Castro, Tereza (referee)
This thesis deals with an in-depth analysis of the position and the influence of the European Union within the world economy, as well as within the global economic-political scene. The work is divided into 3 chapters. On the basis of showing the economic development of the European region from the end of the 19th century till present, the first chapter provides an account of the changes that its economy had to face. The following comparison between the present EU-27 and other economic centers provides a complex image of its actual position in the world economy. The second chapter deals with current economic problems that the EU currently has to face and that have impact on its functioning in world. In its last part, the work analyses the importance of the EU in an economic-political context with the example of its position in the International Monetary Fund as a typically international economic-political institution.
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South Africa's Entry to the BRICS
Hegyiová, Barbora ; Šaroch, Stanislav (advisor) ; De Castro, Tereza (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to compare the economy of South Africa with the economies of the BRIC countries and to analyze the main areas of common interest of the group established after South Africa's entry to the BRICS. The text is divided into three chapters. First one provides a brief overview of the development of BRICS, form defining the term BRIC to South Africa's acceptance into this group. Second chapter compares the economic situation in South Africa with the situation of other BRICS member countries, specifically GDP development, fiscal and monetary stability and position in international economic relations. Third chapter analyzes four main areas of cooperation of BRICS, namely the reform of some international institutions, strengthening mutual economic relations, sustainable development issues and maintaining peace and global security.
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Zahraniční zadluženost rozvojových zemí
Golková, Dagmar ; Adamcová, Lenka (advisor) ; Nováček, Jan (referee)
Vysoká zahraniční zadluženost je jedním z globálních problémů současnosti. Více než 20 let se pokoušejí mezinárodní finanční instituce, OSN, vlády nejvíce rozvinutých zemí, rozvojové země a nevládní organizace hledat řešení. Dluhové úlevy jsou poskytovány rozvojovým zemím ze tří hlavních zdrojů: HIPC iniciativou, Pařížským klubem a bilaterálními věřiteli mimo Pařížský klub. Mezinárodní měnový fond spolu s Světovou bankou zprostředkovává HIPC iniciativu. V práci jsou hodnoceny pokroky učiněné v rámci globálního problému zadluženosti, a to především v 90. letech 20. století. Tyto pokroky jsou předvedeny prostřednictvím změn situace v jednotlivých rozvojových regionech.
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Analysis of Hungary´s economic policy after the EU entry and its effects on the region of South Slovakia
Lukács, Viktória ; Ševčíková, Michaela (advisor) ; Petrášek, František (referee)
The financial crisis had a very negative influence on the economies of the Central European Region including Hungary. Its currency has depreciated significantly and the number of the indebted citizens have increased to such an extent that the country had threatened with bankruptcy. The aim of my bachelor thesis is to analyze the instruments of economic policy of Hungary after the EU entry. The first section will therefore focus on the general economic situation of Hungary, especially after the outbreak of the crisis. Furthermore, I will consider the fluctuations of the forint and discuss in detail the international help provided by the IMF. Hungary is slowly getting out of recession because of these funds. This process has a significant impact on the area of South Slovakia, which region is very sensitive to changes both in Slovak and the Hungarian economy. To find out the level of effects of the Hungarian economy on the region of southern Slovakia, I will conduct a questionnaire survey among the people of this region. Questions will concern their consumption, job opportunities and level of living. Using these data I will focus on analyzing the above mentioned situation.
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