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Zastoupení žen v národních parlamentech západní a východní Evropy: Srovnání Španělska a Ukrajiny
Rushynets, Anna
This thesis compares the share of women in the parliament in Spain with those in Ukraine in the period from 1945 to 2019 by using cultural, political, socio-economic factors, and indicators such as HDI, IHDI, GDI, GII. The thesis describes the representation of women in its historical development in the parliaments of Spain and Ukraine, using given conditions which have influence the share of women in national parliaments, and the factors that determined the attitude of parliamentary parties to gender equality at the level of national politics. The thesis compares the historical development of representation of women, given factors, and indicators and attitudes of political parties in Spain and Ukraine. Based on the results of is comparison, it was exemplifies that the high proportion of women in the Congress of Deputies of Spain is a consequence of the established gender policy of the state and the imposition of compulsory electoral quotas, and sanctions for its violation. In conclusion, there are recommendations for Ukraine to improve the current state of the issue.
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Vývoj a proměny postavení žen v současném Turecku
Roušarová, Veronika
The development and status of women in Turkey is to a certain extent influenced by both the culture and traditions of the country and Islam itself, as the main religion. The document is divided into a theoretical and an analytical part. The theoretical part initially deals with Turkish legislation concerning women’s rights, then examines the withdrawal from the Istanbul Convention in more detail. It also describes the steps and the very positions of the current AKP government on the issue of the status of Turkish women. Additionally, it focuses on the aspect of religion, family structure or women’s organizations in the country trying to promote women’s issues. A separate chapter is devoted to education and how gender inequality is rooted in it. The analytical part is devoted to the results of the qualitative research that was carried out for the purpose of this work. A total of 13 interviews were conducted with women of Turkish nationality, during which they were asked about their personal experiences in the field of gender inequality and their opinion on the issue. The results themselves show diversity of opinions and attitudes, as some informants were convinced of the absence of gender discrimination in the country, while others, on the contrary, described Turkish society as patriarchally dominated, where women are no longer equal to men.
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Gender discrimination in the labor market
Križanová, Veronika ; Tomšej, Jakub (advisor) ; Matějka Řehořová, Lucie (referee)
Gender discrimination in the labor market Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the issue of gender discrimination in the labour market. The aim of this thesis was to provide an overview of the current legislation on gender equality, especially in labour relations, and to present the historical development of this legislation. Furthermore, the thesis contains an analysis of the factors that most influence gender discrimination, focuses on individual problem areas and presents what solutions and means of protection are available within the legal system of the Czech Republic. The thesis consists of an introduction, seven chapters and a conclusion. In the first chapter, for a comprehensive understanding of the problem, I explain the basic concepts. The following three chapters deal with the legal regulation of the principle of equal treatment and the prohibition of discrimination. I will try to provide an overview of international legislation, EU legislation and legislation in the Czech Republic. The following fifth chapter deals with gender discrimination in the labour market itself and describes the historical development of the position of women in society, an analysis of the problems women face at different stages of the labour process and, last but not least, important decisions of the Czech courts in...
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Gender equality, women's participation in the post-conflict society, and civil war recurrence
Drevená, Katarína ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Kotvalová, Anna (referee)
A large amount of academic literature demonstrated that intrastate conflicts often occur in countries that have already experienced civil war. This reoccurring pattern forced several researchers to analyze which factors contribute and which lower the risk of war recurrence. This master thesis focuses on the civil war recurrence through the lenses of gender. I will argue that higher gender equality could lower the risk that intrastate conflict will reoccur. If the countries are organized by norms of gender inequality, the same treatment is reproduced towards the other groups within society. On the other hand, more gender-equal societies may transform these relationships into the same tolerant relationships with those who are perceived as different and foreign in the country. Moreover, socialization and the way children have been raised play an important role in how they will behave as adults. Less patriarchal societies with a lower focus on the norm of dominance create space for norms of tolerance, respect, peace, freedom, and equality which has a pacifying effect on the behavior of the state and people within it. Therefore, I will hypothesize that the higher women's political, economic, and social participation, the longer the duration of peace after the civil war. Large-N quantitative analysis in...
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The Men's Movement in Post-Soviet Russia
Sharko, Lyudmila ; Lorenz - Meyer, Dagmar (advisor) ; Kolářová, Kateřina (referee)
This thesis examines the men's movement in post-Soviet Russia - the first grass-root gender-based movement of men and a social phenomenon unique for the whole post-Soviet area that emerged in Russia in 2000. The social phenomenon was studied by the method of non-participant remote ethnography, involving multi-year observation of online activity of the Russian men's community, using the theoretical framework, built on R. Connell's masculinity theory and the Russian and Western academic sources. The online texts and video narratives of the research sample were analyzed focusing on the social and economic reasons for this men's movement beginning and the evolution of their cause from anti-feminist backlash to a more progressive and gender-sensitive one over the 2000-2021 period of existence. The liberal wing of the Russian Men's Movement, the Egalitarian Men's Movement, undergoes special scrutiny to determine whether it signifies that progressive trend in the Russian masculinity transformation. The research project provides insight into the controversial views of the Russian men on feminism and the social role of women, as well as into the ways the Russian men construct, perform and contest their masculinities with all the contradictions and inconsistencies that this process may involve. Keywords:...
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Television coverage of women athletes during the Olympic Games
Lavičková, Michaela ; Crossan, William Morea (advisor) ; Kaprálková, Michaela (referee)
Name: Television coverage of women athletes during Olympic Games Goal: The main goal of this thesis is to summarize the television broadcasts of the Czech and Finnish public service broadcasters of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games, primarily from the perspective of gender balance. Further goal is to compare the broadcasts of both broadcasters. Methods: The methods of analysis and comparison were used in this paper. The method of analysis was applied in the analysis of individual broadcasting days, in which the time devoted to each sport and gender was calculated and the type of broadcast was recorded. The method of comparison was then applied when comparing the estimated proportion of the time women were given in the broadcast with the time actually given to them. The same method was also used when comparing the Czech and Finnish broadcasts of the Tokyo 2022 Olympic Games. Results: On the basis of the processed data, it was found that the broadcast balance can be evaluated in several ways and depending on the method of its calculation it is even possible to reach opposite conclusions. In any case, using a more complex method, it was found that both Czech and Finnish broadcasts are gender balanced, while Finnish broadcasts are less stereotyped, more varied and more balanced both in terms of gender and...
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Gender Equality, Biathlon and Media: An Analysis of Media Production
Gerth, Lisa ; Numerato, Dino (advisor) ; Vochocová, Lenka (referee)
Women are significantly underrepresented in sports. This is primarily because for many centuries it was forbidden for women to participate in sports. Today, women are allowed to take part in numerous sports and in major events such as the Olympic Games. Nevertheless, a male hegemony prevails in sports, which is expressed especially in media production. Biathlon represents one of the sport disciplines in which women and men operate on an equal footing. The goal of this paper is to analyze the media production processes in biathlon, concerning the gender issues. The research was conducted with qualitative interviews with sports journalists and athletes and analyzed with grounded theory. Data analysis shows that journalists do not address the issue of gender equality in biathlon coverage. They primarily report on the sporting success of the athletes, regardless of gender. This also means that hardly any women-specific topics are addressed. The interviewed journalists are gender-blind in their work. There is rather a marginalized equality of men and women. Especially female athletes and female journalists point out that the sport of biathlon and the media production about it can further improve in terms of gender equality.
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Character and development of Gender Impact Assessment on the background of the framework of the gender mainstreaming concept
Hondlíková, Kristýna ; Hejzlarová, Eva (advisor) ; Vítek, Leoš (referee)
The thesis is aimed at - previously not researched - Gender Impact Assessment in the Czech Republic. It analysis, evaluates and interprets the character and development of the assessment process applied by three ministries in 2007-2014. A total of 236 outputs from the assessment were studied through the qualitative content analysis and the created analytical tool. The results were both explored with statistical methods and evaluated and interpreted simultaneously. The conceptual and theoretical part of the thesis explains the gender mainstreaming concept, the Czech legislative framework of Regulatory Impact Assessment and the theories of gender equality, public policy evaluation and Europeanization. The research is supported by the data obtained from interviews with expert which both describe and evaluate the assessment process and suggest recommendations for its improvement. It has been proved that primarily the assessment deals with some obstacles mainly caused by its authors who may put less emphasis on impact on equality between men and women, downplay it, do not respect the rules, do not have wide range of formulations, copy the formulations, assess more different impacts at the same time or do not have sufficient knowledge of the gender issue. Secondarily some systemic obstacles - the...
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The Competition of Local Goverment Officies of the Year "Half and half" (Fifty percent representation of women) - A Reflection of the Selected Aspects of Local Goverment Officies Development
Šilhánová, Petra ; Pavlík, Petr (advisor) ; Šprincová, Veronika (referee)
The diploma thesis analyses local authorities taking part in the competition The Authority of the Year:"Half to Half" - Respect for Equal Opportunities. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the progress, regress or stagnation of the selected local authorities with respect to gender equality. The thesis also carries out a more in-depth analysis of the current state of gender equality promotion by local authorities. The theoretical part introduces the background of promoting gender equality. Attention is paid to the strategy of gender mainstreaming and to how gender equality is connected to public administration. The research aims to analyse the development of local authorities in their promotion of gender equality, and it also provides conclusions and recommendations based on this analysis. Keywords Gender equality, gender mainstreaming, The Authority of the Year: "Half and Half"- Respect for Equal Opportunities Competition, equal opportunities, institutional promotion of gender equality, tools to promote gender equality. 4
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Predicting Achievement of Selected Sustainable Development Goals
Kamenický, Léon ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Cazachevici, Alina (referee)
Bibliographic note KAMENICKÝ, Léon. Predicting Achievement of Selected Sustainable De- velopment Goals. Prague 2019. 66 pp. Bachelor thesis (Bc.) Charles Uni- versity, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Economic Studies. Thesis supervisor doc. Ing. Tomáš Cahlík, CSc. Abstract The aim of this thesis is through using the appropriate tools of econometric analysis to identify some of the variables having impact on the development, whether positively or negatively, on selected Sustainable Development Goals. They became part of the agenda in United Nations back in 2015. As the sample used for the analysis contains observations on around 170 countries in a time period from 2000 till 2016, the panel data approach for economet- ric modeling is the most suitable to rely on. There are plenty econometric studies focused on analyzing the SGDs through cross-sectional examples, however only few of them are looking at them from a global perspective. The main findings of the analysis do not include only statistically significant explanatory variables identified. Supported by a concrete example, there is an evidence that some of the goals require more focus on proper data collect- ing on their corresponding indicator. This turns some of them to be hardly measurable and the simple tools of econometric analysis...
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