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Forest regeneration within the treeline ecotone in the Giant Mountains under climate change
Cudlín, Ondřej ; Chumanová-Vávrová, Eva ; Edwards-Jonášová, Magda ; Heřman, Michal ; Štěpánek, Petr ; Cudlín, Pavel
Natural regeneration of mountain spruce forests began in the Giant Mountains 25 years ago after a reduction\nof severe and long-enduring air pollution. This process has been influenced by climatic change.\nThe aim of our contribution was to present background data for the potential elevational shift of spruce\nregeneration under conditions of climate change. These upslope shifts may also depend on constraints\nsuch as climate extremes, unfavourable soil conditions, absence of ectomycorrhizal symbionts, and lack of\nmicrosites suitable for seedlings. Since 2014, we have studied the main driving factors affecting Norway\nspruce regeneration, and in particular soil conditions, ectomycorrhizal symbionts, ground vegetation cover,\nand forest health, in six transects across the treeline ecotone located on a NW-to-NE transect through\nthe Giant Mountains. Microclimatic measurements showed that the mean difference in growing season\ntemperature between the montane spruce forests and forests at the treeline was −0.54°C. The model\nHADGEM2 predicted that in 20 years the temperature at the treeline will be similar to the current one at\nmontane elevations. The difference in prevailing soil types between the montane spruce forests and forests\nat the current treeline (i.e. podzol vs. ranker type) could be an important factor limiting success of the\nupslope spreading of spruce. Furthermore, areas covered by microsites favourable for natural spruce regeneration,\nespecially spruce litter patches, decaying wood, mosses, and Avenella flexuosa stands, were\nshown to decrease with increasing elevation. It is likely that spruce will move upslope in response to climate\nchange, but the process is likely to be slow or even blocked for some periods, especially by unfavourable\nsoil conditions and climatic extremes.
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The Budweiser society in the 19th century from the perspective of beer culture
Vávrová, Eliška ; Šouša, Jiří (advisor) ; Kovář, Daniel (referee)
This thesis explores the social changes in Budweis in the 19th and in the beginning of the 20th century from a perspective of local beer brewing and hospitality industry. The principles of economic nationalism are examined on the example of interactions of two local breweries. The second part of this thesis focuses on inns and taprooms in Budweis. These are presented as important locations for social life and consumption. A typology of these establishments is prepared based on multiple factors. The mutual relations between establishments and beer suppliers are also investigated. The locations of both breweries' clients is compared with the local population's character in order to investigate to what degree did nationality determine the preference of a given beer brand. Finally, two case studies present the "dark side" of the hospitality industry and they suggest that nationality was not the main influence on the consumers' relation to a given brand or establishment. Key words: Budweis, brewery, beer brewing, public houses and taprooms, nationalism, economic nationalism, history of consumption
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Verbal assessment at primary schools in the Czech republic and in Switzerland
Vávrová, Eliška ; Starý, Karel (advisor) ; Laufková, Veronika (referee)
This thesis named Verbal assessment at primary schools in the Czech Republic and in Switzerland focuses on an introduction and a comparison of verbal assessment in these two countries. The comparison is intended as a tool for a mutual inspiration. The verbal assessment is a current topic due to the recent changes in the concept of primary education in the Czech Republic. The thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical part deals with the definition of the term "assessment", its forms and types within the Czech system of education, then it is concentrated on the description of the verbal assessment in more detail. There is also the introduction to the educational concept of one alternative school. The following chapters contain basic information about Swiss education in the context of its history. The school system of evaluation is further described within the Swiss canton called Luzern. The practically empirical part of this thesis examines systems of evaluation at primary school in the Czech Republic and in Switzerland applying the research methods as the interview or the questionnaire. The purpose of this part is to prove that the verbal assessment is more appropriate evaluating form than using classification during the first few years at primary school. KEY WORDS Verbal assessment, Swiss...
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Návrh konstrukčního řešení nábytkového mobiliáře do vstupního prostoru rodinného domu.
Vávrová, Ester
Thesis deals with issues of storage furniture, which is designed for an entrance area of a family house. It's therefore a hall equipment. Theoretical part of the thesis deals with appropriate kinds of furniture for a hall, which is primarily storage furniture. Aslo it discusses about problems of furniture dimension, material, construction and safety. Final proposal of hall equipment is based on search existing offers on the czech market. Practical part of the thesis deals with construction solution of furniture design in the hall. The main point is worked out technological documentation.
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Public Houses and their Publicans from 16th to 19th Century
Vávrová, Eliška ; Ebelová, Ivana (advisor) ; Mendelová, Jaroslava (referee)
This thesis focuses on all kinds of public house services in České Budějovice from the 16th to the 17th century. It describes the special status of publican guilds using guild instructions from different epoques and presents particular České Budějovice pubs and also a typology of these. The core topic of the thesis is the list of original brewing rights holding houses in which pubs were found and the introduction of important historical pubs, inns, or wine bars in the centre of České Budějovice. These introductions are accompanied by the names of the owners or the house signs as these were a typical symbol of pub establishments. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Pre-Marital Agreement as a means of protection of marital property and business
Vávrová, Eliška ; Hejda, Jan (advisor) ; Kaczor, Pavel (referee)
This thesis deals with the possibilities of adjustment of marital property in the form of concluding marriage contract as a way to protect assets in case of divorce or business of one of the spouse. The aim of the work is to identify shortcomings in the current leg-islation. Based on these shortcomings suggest solution to improve the current state. According to this suggestion compile a model of marriage contract. The draft of rec-ommendation is compiled with the help of comparison with the Austrian statutory of matrimonial property relations and through questionnaire survey among students of University of Economics who have experiences with the adjustment of community property.
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Automatic sleep scoring using polysomnographic data
Vávrová, Eva ; Potočňák, Tomáš (referee) ; Ronzhina, Marina (advisor)
The thesis is focused on analysis of polysomnographic signals based on extraction of chosen parameters in time, frequency and time-frequency domain. The parameters are acquired from 30 seconds long segments of EEG, EMG and EOG signals recorded during different sleep stages. The parameters used for automatic classification of sleep stages are selected according to statistical analysis. The classification is realized by artificial neural networks, k-NN classifier and linear discriminant analysis. The program with a graphical user interface was created using Matlab.
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