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Jean Hyppolite's Interpretation of Hegel's Philosophy of History
Abraham, Titouan ; Steinbach, Tim-Florian (advisor) ; Ottmann, François (referee)
Master's Thesis Abstract Charles University, Prague Erasmus Mundus EuroPhilosophie (2021-2023) Student: Titouan Abraham Title: L'interprétation par Jean Hyppolite de la philosophie de l'histoire de Hegel (Jean Hyppolite's Interpretation of Hegel's Philosophy of History) Keywords: Hegel; Hegelianism; Theologische Jugendschriften; Phenomenology of Spirit; Jean Hyppolite; philosophy; philosophy of history; pantragism; Alexandre Kojève; end of history The aim of this work is to analyse the singularity of Jean Hyppolite's study of the Hegelian philosophy of history. The guiding question is the following: Did Jean Hyppolite defend a pantragic reading of the dynamics of Hegelian history? We begin with an account of Hegelian studies in France from the beginning of the nineteenth century until the end of the 1930s, when Alexandre Kojève's teachings on the Phenomenology of Spirit came to an end. We discover that Hyppolite differs from Kojève in particular because he breaks with his proposal of an end to history and his anthropological reading of the Hegelian system. To explain these differences, we need to return to the links between the young Hegel's religious thought and the birth of his philosophy of history. This stage consists of re-reading, with Jean Hyppolite, the theological writings of his youth, and showing...
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Dialogue Rádl versus Hejdánek
Doležal, Kryštof ; Kučera, Jan (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee)
The problem of nation and nationalism is the subject of reflections in Czech political thought from the late 19th century; broader problem with definition of nation and its meaning constitutes more than centennial polemic called "the Czech question". This bachelor thesis inquiries chapter of this controversy, the works of two Protestant philosophers: Emanuel Rádl and Ladislav Hejdánek. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to compare concepts of these authors that are related to the nation, nationalism and philosophy of history. Furthermore, this bachelor thesis discloses continuity of certain idealistic-theological tradition, whose roots are discoverable (according to one interpretation) in ancient Israel. For Rádl and Hejdánek nation is a moral category, which is why the ethic aspects are central motive for their analysis of nation.
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Supercivilization. Patočka's Concept of Modernity and it's Relevance In The Context of Contemporary Historical Sociology.
Homolka, Jakub ; Arnason, Johann Pall (advisor) ; Skovajsa, Marek (referee)
This thesis deals with the concept of modernity called "nadcivilizace" ("supercivilization") that was developed in the nineteen-fifties by Czech philosopher Jan Patočka (1907-1977) in his originally unpublished study Nadcivilizace a její vnitřní konflikt. The main goal of the thesis is to introduce this concept in the framework of the author's life and work, as well as in the context of current research in the field of historical sociology. This goal is fulfilled through three main steps, which are preceded by preliminary remarks about the issues of nowadays civilizational analysis. The first part is focused on the introduction of the author's concept of modernity as it was presented in the aforementioned study. Patočka's original term "nadcivilizace" is introduced and put into the context of civilizational analysis. At the same time, the circumstances of the genesis of the text, and the spiritual framework of the epoch in which Czech philosopher lived, are presented. Second part attempts to put the original concept into the author's lecture of philosophy of history, and to demonstrate the changes that occurred in Patočka's understanding of modernity in his work Kacířské eseje o filosofii dějin (Heretical Essays in the Philosophy of History, 1975). Finally, the last part is dedicated to the problem...
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Paul Yorck von Wartenburg's conception of Geschichtlichkeit
De Melo Coan, Isadora Cristina ; Hartung, Gerald (advisor) ; Sepp, Hans Rainer (referee)
Paul Yorck von Wartenburgs Auffassung von Geschichtlichkeit Abstract The aim of this research is to examine the conception of historicity [Geschichtlichkeit] of the count Paul Yorck von Wartenburg - who is perhaps better known for his friendship with Wilhelm Dilthey. The recuperation and investigation of Yorck's arguments takes place in the context of his rejection of metaphysical and positivist models as well as from his constant intellectual exchange with Dilthey. The focus of the present analysis is Yorck's concept of person, strongly influenced by Christian doctrine, as well as his psychology of history: here we will identify how the author understands historical reality and the dependency between attitudes of consciousness [Bewusstseinsstellungen] and the context of life. Adjacent concepts ofYorck's conception of historicity, such as syndesmos (historical connection between people), "aliveness" or life [Lebendigkeit], totality [Totalität] and the human being in its entirety [Ganzer Mensch], are also examined in order to better understand Yorck's notion of historicity and its divergences to Dilthey's approach to the humanities. These observations allow us to identify some of the ways in which the relation between philosophy and history has been thought. Keywords: Paul Yorck von Wartenburg; Historicity...
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Philosophy of History according G. Vica
BAŠTOVÁ, Lucie
The thesis focuses on the interpretation of the theory of history from GiambattistaVico, italian philosopher from 17th century. His theory is focused on the design of an ideal history, which is cyclical in nature, which specifik the manifestations of each of the three ages. These form a closed look of the existence of nations. The first age is the age of divine, then heroic age, which can be considered temporary, and eventually human age, that is quantitatively the heighest. This ideal of history is governed by rational principle of pursuing a specific objective, which is the perfekt state system by vision of Plato, the guiding principleVico called providence. Upon approaching default theory, the work deals comparison of selected theories of philosophers with the koncept of Vico, namely: G.W.F. Hegel, Auguste Comte, Oswald Spengler and Arnold Toynbee.
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Human being and a movement: Status of the movements of human existence in the thinking of Jan Patočka
Nováková, Alžběta ; Marek, Jakub (advisor) ; Pětová, Marie (referee)
The work is focused on the evolution of Patočka's conception of movements of the human existence throughout his thoughts. My aim is to show sources of this conception, its explicite expressions and their structure and finally the meaning of this conception for the human life and its status in Patočka's whole-life philosophical project, all this by the analysis of three metodologically defined periods of Patočka's work. The inevitable past of this kind of rethinking of Patočka's conception is dealing with the question of succesion of his two great teachers, Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger,and showing, that his conception of movements of the human existence can't be explained simply from the polarity of uncritical bulilding on them, neither the complete refusing them. Also I would like to show the conceptional kinship with other thinkers of western philosophical tradition, whose selection is selective, but in my opinion meaningful. I also hope, that this rethinking of the conception of movements of the human existance will show the place, which belongs to Patočka's thougt in the western philosophical tradition and, first of all, it's meaning for human life. Key words Phenomenology, movement, existence, philosophy of history, authenticity
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The Historical Imagination of Late Enlightenment.
Smyčka, Václav ; Činátl, Kamil (advisor) ; Maur, Eduard (referee) ; Tinková, Daniela (referee)
The dissertation deals with the transformations of historiography and perception of the historical time in the last third of 18th and at the beginning of the 19th centuries. The central questions it investigates are: How has the way of locating (Czech) society in time changed? How did representations of past fundamentally change between 1760s and 1820s, in the era of the so-called "Sattelzeit"? What is the relationship between these changes and the way in which history was represented? What impact did the changes of media, book markets, and culture of reading have in this time? What are the political and aesthetic consequences of these changes? The answer to these questions is found in five fundamental innovations of Enlightenment historiography. These innovations (understood according to Niklas Luhmann's system theory in order to reduce complexity) - fundamentally influenced the way in which late Enlightenment thinkers conceptualized the flow of historical time and the praxis of historiography. It is about the spread of cumulative concepts of knowledge in historia litteraria related to the growth of book markets, narrativisation of the historical experience (as a result of emergence of the newly incoming fictional genres of the historical novels),, philosophy of history as a new idealistic...
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