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The revolutionary dream Devětsil(1918-1921)
Bulíček, Jan ; Pullmann, Michal (advisor) ; Petrbok, Václav (referee)
The revolutionary dream Devětsil is about young artists and leftist intellectuals who set up the avant-gardist union of artists known as the Devětsil in october 1920. The establishment of the Devětsil was the culmination their experience and participation in events of the revolutionary era (1918 - 1920) when the realization of social revolution made great changes possible in Czechoslovakia. The idea for the Devětsil came about spring 1919 during the first bigger revolutionary wave. As the part of the avant-garde scene, members of the Devětsil wanted to create more than an artistic union, they wanted to have political and action program. However their conceptions of the revolution were very abstract in spite of their marxist convictions. Althoug one of their main goals was the abstract realization and the expression of a revolutionary actuality, they were not actually in touch with the revolution because there was a big intellectual distinction betwen members of the Devětsil and proletariansm who according to Marx were main protagonicts of the revolutionary process. When members of the Devětsil recognised this contradiction, they woke up from their revolutionary dream. Keywords revolution, dream, Avant-garde, Devětsil, Teige
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Practice of rejection and forbidding. Manuscript of Jiří Kolář's "Prométheova játra" as an object of the prosecution in 1953 and ban on it in 1969.
Suk, Marek ; Pullmann, Michal (advisor) ; Randák, Jan (referee)
In my BA thesis I deal with manuscript called Liver of Prometheus (Prométheova játra) and it's author Jiří Kolář. I focus on the political dimension of this document found as the evidence of author's enmity to the comunistic regime following February 1948. I am not following the artistic significance of the text. In first chapter I outline the status of Jiří Kolář in literature after year 1945. In the second chapter I put in contrast Liver of Prometheus and stalinistic poems. I want to emphasize differencies in grasp of reality between Jiří Kolář and the poets devoted to the comunistic regime. In the most important third chapter I focus on the case of poet Kolář arrested, investigated and judged for writting subversive document. During the reconstruction I was working with the investigation protocol against Jiří Kolář, which has not yet been interpretated. I studied it through and I found new informations about the topic that had been interpretated manytimes before in cultural and artistic context. Than I answered these questions: what was happening when the police had found the document, what were its plans, when it had identified the author, how did the investigation look like, what question did the investigator ask, how did Kolář react,what defense strategy did he choose during the interrogations...
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Reflection of the Moscow Trials in the Czechoslovak Press
Müller, Jiří ; Pullmann, Michal (advisor) ; Vojtěchovský, Ondřej (referee)
This bachelor thesis inquires into the reflection of the Moscow Trials in the second half of the 1930's in the Czechoslovak press. It charts the political spectrum in light of the most significant political streams in Czechoslovakia in the second half of the 1930's. Beside the qualitative analysis is lesser used quantitative analysis, which reflects the interests of the Czechoslovak press in the Moscow Trials. The thesis insists on the representative choice of partail press that time. The objective of the work is to bring the sum of stances to the Moscow Trials on the pages of Czechoslovak press. The main questions are: how the Trials were preceived, what was criticised, how The Sovie Union and Stalin were preceived against a background of the Trials, which antagonisms were during the Trials in the Czechoslovak society, how the editor's offices stances were changed during the Trials and the most significant interest of the thesis are diferent stances in the Czechoslovak society and political streams. KEY WORDS: Muscow Trials, Great Terror, Czechoslovak press, Soviet-czechoslovak alliance
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First attempt at new (post-stalinist) interpretation of the political trials (1952- 1954) in Czechoslovakia
Lóži, Marián ; Pullmann, Michal (advisor) ; Rákosník, Jakub (referee)
This study concentrates on the understanding of development, reasons and effects of the first post-stalinist interpretation of the political processes with the anti-state Slansky conspiracy centre. Original concept legitimating in Czechoslovakia purges and trials of the early fifties - in particular Stalin's thesis of constant intensification of the class struggle and belief in presence of the enemy agents in the highest circles of the communist party - was gradually abandoned, making it necessary to create a new explanation. This had to be so because the KSČ and its ruling body particularly did not want to be exposed to doubts about their previous conduct, which would have only led to crisis of identity and caused threat to the performance of power. That is why the new interpretative construction was created between 1953 and 1957 with an aim of reconciling collective memory of party members and new approach to the so- called time of terror. Executed general secretary Slansky did not yet become "victim" of the regime, but on the contrary he was represented as an instigator of stalinist terror and main perpetrator of arbitrariness, who was justly exposed and punished by party ranks. Contemporary ruling elite thus purified itself from its own antecedent conduct, which was often important component of...
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Everyday life of (female) prisoners in the Monastery of Řepy in the 1930s and 1940s
Dopitová, Michaela ; Pullmann, Michal (advisor) ; Hladík, Ondřej (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to provide insight into the lifes and stories of female prisoners kept in the convent of Congregation of Sisters of Mercy of St. Borromeo in Prague's Řepy, at the turn of the 1930s and 1940s. The thesis consists of analysis of the prisoners, based on their nationality, social position, type of crime, length of sentence, and religion. Another focus is on the aims of the prison, educational means applied on women, and the respect of the prisoners to these means and the staff as such. The thesis describes everyday life in the convent, including activities done by the prisoners. It follows the behavior of the residents, their mutual relationships, the hierarchy between the women and the process of dealing with each other.
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Religious Sects in Czechoslovakia in the 1950s
Hemza, Tomáš ; Rákosník, Jakub (advisor) ; Pullmann, Michal (referee)
The thesis deals with religious sects in Czechoslovakia in the 1950s. Firstly, it describes new religious movements, which occurred in Czechoslovakia in the first half of the 20th century, especially Jehovah's Witnesses, Adventism, Mormonism and the others. The key theme of this thesis is the phenomenon of religious sects. It explores a procedure of the government, Communist party of Czechoslovakia and State Security. The thesis deals also with the conscientious objection in Czechoslovakia in the 1950s. In conclusion the thesis tries to describe the image of religious sects in newspapers. It draws from various primary sources (National Archives of the Czech Republic, Security Services Archive, Military History Archive) and from various historiographical and sociological literature.
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Western Music in the Post-1968 Czechoslovakia
Havlík, Adam ; Pullmann, Michal (advisor) ; Rákosník, Jakub (referee)
This paper addresses the peculiar topic of western music in post 1968 Czechoslovakia with emphasis on the official music scene. It shows how western music was actually treated in Czechoslovakian society and how the image of western music was shaped within the public discourse , including many significant ambiguities. It also follows various ways (legal and also illegal) in which ordinary people used to obtain foreign music records in the era of late socialism. An analysis of actual impact of western music on Czechoslovak popular music and the role of institutions within that is also present. This paper could thus be considered as a modest contribution to the social and cultural history of socialist dictatorships.
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Economic Committee of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia 1945-1948. Agents and Ideology.
Keller, Filip ; Pullmann, Michal (advisor) ; Jančík, Drahomír (referee)
Resume The work surveys the prosopography of members of the Economic Commission of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia and its expert subcommissions which worked between the years 1945 and 1948. In respect to criteria of the selection to the commission a former professional career and education are mainly concerned. The work contributes to the history of the middle class in former Czechoslovakia and it sets out to account for inclination of these people towards the project of socialist society and their commitment to take part in a communist movement afer the world war. As the main agenda of the commission is focused together with beliefs and expectations which were articulated in connection with the project of socialist society the work attempts to describe motives of personal involvement of the members of the commission in the postwar social transformation as well as the way they adopted the socialist ideology.
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The Reaction to Soviet Occupation of Czechoslovakia in French Press
Frejtichová, Dominika ; Nejedlý, Martin (advisor) ; Pullmann, Michal (referee)
The subject of this bachelor thesis is the reaction to the Soviet occupation of Czechoslovakia in 1968 in the French press. It describes what the analyzed periodicals focused on the most and how the event was perceived. It also describes how the political and social situation in France, especially the May 1968 protests, shaped the way the press percieved the occupation. The source material consists of three nationwide newspapers that cover a wide range of political opinion: Le Figaro, Le Monde and L'Humanité from July to August 1968. One conclusion is that all three periodicals were unanimous in rejecting the Soviet intervention, however, their opinions varied partially due to their different political orientation. The press was identified with the Czech people and the reform process of the Prague Spring. However, the similarities and comparison between the situation in France in 1968 and the Soviet occupation of Czechoslovakia were not explicitly reflected upon by the journalists. Still, the inner political status of France implicitly played a role in the way the events were interpreted and how much attention it was given. The press has heavily covered not only the intervention itself and the situation in Czechoslovakia, but also foreign reactions to it, because the intervention of the Warsaw...
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The Landscape of Memory of Duchcov-Bridge. The socialist Ideology in microhistorical perspective.
Pýcha, Čeněk ; Pullmann, Michal (advisor) ; Činátl, Kamil (referee)
The main point of this work are the forms of remembering collision between striking workers and the cordon of gendarme, which took place in Duchcov (North Bohemia) on 4.2.1931 and where four workes were killed. In the time of socialism in Czechoslovakia was created a complex collection of these by the state supported forms of rememembering, which we have called The landscape of memory of the Dux bridge on the ground of works of Pierra Nora and Jan Assmann. The Ananlysis of this landscape of memory is the main object of the first part of this work. The second part is focused on the involved persons, who took part on the construction of the landscape of memory and who articulated in negotiation their own individual intentions. Keywords: Dux bridge, landscape of memory, realm of memory, culture memory, communicative memory, ideology, socialism, negotiation
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