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Analytical methods for measurement error estimation in survey data
Chylíková, Johana ; Vinopal, Jiří (advisor) ; Kreidl, Martin (referee) ; Buriánek, Jiří (referee)
Analytical methods for measurement error estimation in survey data This dissertation aims at the domain of measurement error in social science survey data. To conceptualize and estimate measurement errors it employs the analytical and theoretical framework that stems from the analytical method of structural equation modeling (SEM) and Classical Test Theory (CTT), extended with the component of the systematic measurement error. This thesis has two goals that may contribute to development and extension of Czech social science methodology. The first goal is to illustrate methods of measurement error estimation, which has not been used for analysis of Czech data yet, and to point out to some problematical aspects of these methods. The second goal is to employ presented methods to obtain new findings regarding the quality of data from Czech surveys. The dissertation presents three empirical studies, each of which uses one of the methods defined within the presented theoretical and analytical framework. First study presents an analysis of reliability of measurement with the Quasi Simplex Model (QSM). It illustrates how to use the model and brings optimistic results regarding the reliability of the Czech EU SILC panel data. In the second study the confirmatory factor analysis model, operationally called...
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Family change and its impact on the health of children in the Czech Republic
Štípková, Martina ; Kreidl, Martin (advisor) ; Sobotka, Tomáš (referee) ; Zeman, Kryštof (referee)
The thesis focuses on the patterns of nonmarital childbearing and its influence on the health of newborns in the Czech Republic between 1990 and 2010. Numerous and profound social changes took part in these two decades after the fall of state socialism. Socioeconomic inequalities grew, a competitive job market was introduced and social policy was reformed. Family behaviour changed, as well. A more than four-fold rise of the proportion of children born outside marriage was among the most remarkable changes in this regard. Two research questions were addressed: 1. how did unmarried motherhood and its socioeconomic background change; 2. how did these changes influence disparities in the health of newborns by family arrangement. Data from the birth register are used for answering these questions and analysed with multilevel regression models. The method was aimed at explaining variability between contexts defined by time and space. Health of newborns is measured by birth weight. Family arrangement of mothers is measured with their marital status. Unmarried mothers are further split by the presence of a partner measured with the mother's willingness to declare child's father. The results show that birth outcomes on nonmarital children improved and marital status gap in birth weight closed substantially in the...
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Analytical methods for measurement error estimation in survey data
Chylíková, Johana ; Vinopal, Jiří (advisor) ; Kreidl, Martin (referee) ; Buriánek, Jiří (referee)
Analytical methods for measurement error estimation in survey data This dissertation aims at the domain of measurement error in social science survey data. To conceptualize and estimate measurement errors it employs the analytical and theoretical framework that stems from the analytical method of structural equation modeling (SEM) and Classical Test Theory (CTT), extended with the component of the systematic measurement error. This thesis has two goals that may contribute to development and extension of Czech social science methodology. The first goal is to illustrate methods of measurement error estimation, which has not been used for analysis of Czech data yet, and to point out to some problematical aspects of these methods. The second goal is to employ presented methods to obtain new findings regarding the quality of data from Czech surveys. The dissertation presents three empirical studies, each of which uses one of the methods defined within the presented theoretical and analytical framework. First study presents an analysis of reliability of measurement with the Quasi Simplex Model (QSM). It illustrates how to use the model and brings optimistic results regarding the reliability of the Czech EU SILC panel data. In the second study the confirmatory factor analysis model, operationally called...
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Educational reproduction and cultural capital . A qualitative study
Vojtíšková, Kateřina ; Šanderová, Jadwiga (advisor) ; Kreidl, Martin (referee) ; Kučera, Miloslav (referee)
Schools, Families and Inequality. Choice of Secondary Education in Contemporary Czech Society The dissertation work is concerned with the choice of secondary education in families, the influence of family and school on the choice of pupils born in the 1st half of 90s. A special importance of this phase is in that high schools in the Czech Republic are highly differentiated so the choice belongs to the crucial points of the school carrier. The type of the studied high school significantly influences learning aspirations and chances of the graduates to be accepted to further education, structures the field of possibilities in the life way of young people. The analysis is based on data obtained from two qualitative studies: 1. Focus groups with mothers of children in the ninth year of the compulsory education: students of (selective) multi-year grammar schools; pupils from basic schools (the main education stream); 2. Case studies carried out in two Prague schools focused on two classes in the eight and ninth year (2008-2010). The aim of both the studies was to map subjective perspectives of the participating actors - parents, pupils and teachers, to show different interests, attributed meanings, values in upbringing, education, abilities to distinguish types of high schools due to prospects of the new...
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Family change and its impact on the health of children in the Czech Republic
Štípková, Martina ; Kreidl, Martin (advisor) ; Sobotka, Tomáš (referee) ; Zeman, Kryštof (referee)
The thesis focuses on the patterns of nonmarital childbearing and its influence on the health of newborns in the Czech Republic between 1990 and 2010. Numerous and profound social changes took part in these two decades after the fall of state socialism. Socioeconomic inequalities grew, a competitive job market was introduced and social policy was reformed. Family behaviour changed, as well. A more than four-fold rise of the proportion of children born outside marriage was among the most remarkable changes in this regard. Two research questions were addressed: 1. how did unmarried motherhood and its socioeconomic background change; 2. how did these changes influence disparities in the health of newborns by family arrangement. Data from the birth register are used for answering these questions and analysed with multilevel regression models. The method was aimed at explaining variability between contexts defined by time and space. Health of newborns is measured by birth weight. Family arrangement of mothers is measured with their marital status. Unmarried mothers are further split by the presence of a partner measured with the mother's willingness to declare child's father. The results show that birth outcomes on nonmarital children improved and marital status gap in birth weight closed substantially in the...
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Moving Around a City - Rationality of Travel Mode Choice
Braun Kohlová, Markéta ; Musil, Jiří (advisor) ; Kreidl, Martin (referee) ; Marada, Miroslav (referee)
RESUME Moving Around a City - Rationality of Travel Mode Choice The aim of my study is to answer questions related to explanation of the travel mode choice used by people for regular commuting and what role in their decision making can be attributed to location of their residence, i.e. how the travel mode choice differs in case of traditional urban residents and suburban residents. I have limited my focus only to the travel modes used by adult residents of the Czech Republic. The reason why to study everyday commuting is the fact that people currently living in western cities spend a lot of time and money commuting and that the aggregate of everyday individual mobility generates an important environmental impact. Thus, this work represents a contribution to dynamically developing areas of sociology of travel and mobility as well as a general contribution to sociology of action. The choice of methodology in this study is based on the presumption that despite the fact that the travel mode choice represents a routine (social) behaviour, to a certain extent it can be seen as rational. Thus, I try to explain individual mobility by incorporating it into patterns of human motivation, means and goals, i.e. into categories of human action, in a context of specific conditions and situational constraints. The random...
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Educating Communist Cadres: School Re-Entry and Sponsored Educational Mobility in State Socialism
Kreidl, Martin
This paper analyzes patterns of participation in post-vocational education in socialist Czechoslovakia between 1948- 1989. As the educational system was subject to extensive reforms under socialism, this paper demonstrates their impact upon individual educational trajectories. The primary goal of the text is to show the effects of the communist 'affirmative action' in education. Previous analyses have shown that about one seventh of vocational school graduates continued their education later in life and maintained therefore the possibility of completing their secondary level education (i.e. achieving the so called maturita) and even attending university. This paper shows selection patterns for further education using discrete-time event history analysis.
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