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Exploring the cultural phenomenon of pilgrimage and modern nomadism with a focus on Camino de Santiago.
Gavlas, Tomáš ; Czumalo, Vladimír (advisor) ; Lapka, Miloslav (referee)
In 2010 almost 272.000 pilgrims completed Camino de Santiago. Even though, it was just about 5.000 pilgrims 20years ago. Why? Thats the fundamental question and main theme of this diploma work. Seeking the answers, we need to specify cultural pattern of Camino de Santiago. As the topic is quite wide the analysis needs to be done on several theoretical levels. First of all, we are going to take a look at the dimension of pilgrimage throughout the human history. We will follow its evolution from nomad way of life to todays phenomenon of independent travelling. The character of modern nomad will be also defined. The aim of the second chapter is to interpret human relation to sceneries and paths, human ability to structurize the space we live in and a short contemplation about the art of walking. Last chapter is about the Camino de Santiago pilgrimage. Major routes to Santiago de Compsotela are described at this part, focusing on their cultural environment, historical context and landscape disposals. Methodology mainly consists of reviewing relevant literature and participant observations made while making the pilgrimage in 2007 and 2010. Recently, the pilgrimage has gained a significant role in public interest as it has gained its legitimacy via natural human need and therefore reflects the condition of...
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Folklore ensembles' members opinion of folklore and folklorism in the Czech republic
Mudruňková, Kateřina ; Uherek, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Czumalo, Vladimír (referee)
The aim of this work is to analyse the image of current folklore and folklorisme in the Czech Republic through the eyes of folklore ensemble members. It is divided into multiple parts, each of them focusing on different aspects. The first part deals with traditional folklore, its characteristics and functions, and then focuses on other term folklorism, including their comparison, as those two phenomena depend on each other. This comparison is based on the different environments where folklore and folklorism appear, their dissimilar functions and the amount of stylization. Folklorism is furthermore also put into context with mass culture and mass communication. The subsequent part is dedicated to analysis of public attitudes towards folklore in various historical periods as well as to previous research findings in the Czech Republic in reference to current activities of the government and of international institutions focusing on preservation of this part of cultural heritage. A considerable amount of attention is paid to members of folklore groups that work with traditional sources and participate on preservation and evolution of folklore. Those activities are not only pursued for leisure, but serve commercial interests as well. A considerable amount of attention is paid to analysis of folklore...
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Culture and time
Šindelka, Marek ; Czumalo, Vladimír (advisor) ; Soukup, Václav (referee)
The thesis focuses on intercultural comparison of temporality models. The time in this research is being examined as a social-cultural category: as the basic component of the social system determining its entire dynamics and serving the purpose of organization and synchronization of its inner components. It intends to capture the cultural function of temporality model, its connection with the economical, historical, cosmological and religious system of the society and with its inner stratification. The focal point of the thesis lies in the comparison of the cyclical temporality models (as we find them among the indigenous nations and archaic cultures) with linear quantitative models of time within the modern societies (especially the Western civilization) and with comparative examination of the "sources" and "purposes" of time in both cultural types. Keywords Time - Culture - Temporality
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The body and landscape
Vlček, Martin ; Czumalo, Vladimír (advisor) ; Vaculíková, Michaela (referee)
The Body as a subject and object is the way and possibility how to be in a landscape which does not tell how to touch it, how to move within it, live and die. However, we could find and see which particular behaviour is preferred to others. The landscape is a vertically and horizontally widespread area and a platform for potential range of body activities. Thirdly it is also a material, body, changing in time. We would focus on the moment when the body is trying to fuse into the landscape. So similar, so different, they are. The way how to achieve it for a human body would be a task to live it through, personally, as first shown as Symbiosis, on some examples from visual arts (performance, and site-specific usage of the place potential). In the Second part we would consider understanding the landscape (world) through the narratives with metamorphoses, when both entities are carnal and the same (Synonymical: body as a landscape, landscape as a body). The last Part (Synthesis) concentrates on the arts, rituals, philosophy and other modes of the "life view" in the context of crossing borders and immersion of real and the "different" (in a way virtual) world. Keywords: Body, landscape, arts, mythology, philosophy
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The tradition and Modernity in the Sociocultural Animation of Church Monuments
Kouba, Vojtěch ; Patočka, Jiří (advisor) ; Macháček, Jaroslav (referee) ; Czumalo, Vladimír (referee)
Vojtěch Kouba The Tradition and Modernity in the Sociocultural Animation of Church Monuments Dissertation Abstract The dissertation is focused on the issues of use and animation of church monuments in the Czech society. The work mentions the basic typology of these buildings and also pays attention to the question of their value. In a brief historic survey, it deals not only with examples of monuments preserved from every era of Czech history, but primarily with the changes of the roles that those objects carried during their history. The aim of this part of the work is a comprehensive description of the present view on church buildings and their function in the Czech culture and society. The dissertation also deals with the term "animation". It describes the milieus, where this term is used, shortly mentions its history and specifies possible definitions of animation according to their spiritual focus. A significant part of the dissertation is then dedicated to the explanation of this term in a broad, society-wide meaning of this word. The animation is understood as a significant part of Czech socioscientific thinking. The conclusive part of the dissertation pays attention to the ways of animation of historic sacral buildings. The process of (re-)involvement of some of these monuments in the life of the...
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Permeation and implanting of political influence into the culture on the example of Czech publishing houses'activity in 1938-1949
Magincová, Dagmar ; Czumalo, Vladimír (advisor) ; Brabec, Jiří (referee) ; Štoll, Martin (referee)
of dissertation Dagmar Magincová The dissertation entitled Permeation and implanting of political influence into the culture on the example of Czech publishing houses'activity in 1938-1949 deals with the context of historically based politicisation of culture. It examines mutual relations between literary works, artefacts and political, social and cultural regulations, ideas and institutions in the sphere of publishing activities in Bohemia 1938-1949. The first part reflects the issue of power instruments used to influence culture; the second part conducts a survey of publishing activities from the aspect of individual subjects' attitudes in the transforming context of the time; the third part analyses particular ways how politics penetrates through culture, and the reflection in public discourse. Methodology of the study is based on the interdisciplinary basis of critical theory, which also implies the crucial issue of power forms transparency.
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Differences and similiarities in the Czech and Japanese culture as seen in myths and tales
Krupková, Marcela ; Czumalo, Vladimír (advisor) ; Rychlík, Martin (referee)
This paper focuses on universality of folk tales from different parts of the world, such as Czech and Japan, due to sharing many common components. The evolution of Japanese philosophy and religion is scrutinized up to the Tokugawa era, and is compared to the process of Christianization in our region. The evolution of tales follows from their mythical roots up to their expansion into literature. A section about folkloristic research of tales and he work of V. J. Propp ensues. The evolution of Czech folk tales is focused on the Czech National Revival and the works of K. J. Erben and B. Němcová. Then the evolution of Japanese tales is defined by the evolution of Japanese writing system up to 19th century folkloristics. The comparison itself deals with particular components common to both groups of tales, Czech and Japanese, while it focuses on how these components are dealt with differently in each society. In conclusion, tendencies in the perception of tales in the 20th and 21st century are indicated, and its significance for early development of human beings despite the recent trend in society of deviating away from our own roots. Key Words Tales, religion, folklore, literature, Japan.
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Socio-cultural perspectives on the issue of housing in Czechoslovakia in the second half of the 20th century
Zadražilová, Lucie ; Ortová, Jitka (advisor) ; Švácha, Rostislav (referee) ; Czumalo, Vladimír (referee)
Prefabricated housing estates represent the most typical and widespread form of mass socialist home building in our country. Their form comes from the modernistic urban planning of the European inter-war avant-garde, but living there was typified by the principles of socialistic housing policy. These were home for more than three million Czech inhabitants. Nevertheless there are many myths and incorrect evaluations connected with them, and there are many areas of this complex phenomenon which have not yet been investigated. The cultural, social and physical aspects are linked through the study of cultural theory, which was chosen for this dissertation. The three main chapters are based on a comparison with traditional city structures, the observed spatial and social specifics of prefabricated housing estates on three levels: in the imaginations of their designers, who were influenced by contemporary intellectual trends, in their implementation under specific political and social conditions, and in the opportunities which this form of building could offer for the future. The first chapter deals with formation of prefabricated housing estates as new city structure with different form of urbanism. In the second chapter the spatial specifics are described by means of five criteria of the "habitable" space:...
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Pilgriming, wandering and hiking (culturological comparative approach)
Fraňková, Soňa ; Czumalo, Vladimír (advisor) ; Půtová, Barbora (referee)
This core work is a mutual comparison approach, which relates to the internal character and motives of the three specific forms of travel: pilgrimage, wandering and hiking. They are presented in chronological order, with an emphasis on comparison, resources, development and continuity of individual approaches. Regarded as the basic motive of these three ways which one sets out of the home; the author considers the human need for change, a desire for knowledge and an escape from everyday life, which are presented in more detail. In addition, being discussed is the concept of looking at these forms of travel as a kind of ritual transition when a person away from their normal environment becomes an individual that is on the border, detached from his past and his future already changed thanks to the newly acquired experiences and expertise - a man who returns is never the same. Pilgrimage, wandering and hiking are presented as activities in which by their own way often enable an individual to abandon everyday life. The level and manner of this work are expressed via a culturally and historical contingent and subject to further transformation. The oldest and most important form of travel is pilgrimage, which is the starting point for the other two forms mentioned. Pilgrimage gradually provides a platform for...
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Visual experince as example and pattern in relation to the expansion and influence into human life
Nohejl, Jiří ; Czumalo, Vladimír (advisor) ; Vojtěchovský, Miroslav (referee)
The main theme of this dissertation is to define an image as a visual experience. The human interaction is described by the author himself as a perception of the image, which serves as an information unit that could be presented as a possibility, example and pattern for the individual. There is an emphasis on the process of perception itself and on the way of interaction of an individual emphasizing the context of social learning and imitation in this text. The analysis of the principles of this interaction leading into introduction of the partial interactive models covering these processes is formed by the essential plane. The structure of the thesis is divided into ten main chapters in which the author tries to introduce a category of perception, a definition of the image and imitation as a tool of cultural transmission, presentation of the units of this transmission, the process of the interaction itself and analogous example of the fundamental role that a person in this interaction holds. There are also three analogies of these roles, which refer to the anthropological universal interaction describing the man as a gatherer and hunter. Their main purpose is to illustrate the form of a human experience better. Finally, there are reflections on the topic above. The possibilities and results, which...
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