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The evolution of ideological position of ANO 2011 between the years 2013 and 2021
Kočvara, Adam ; Hájek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Perottino, Michel (referee)
This bachelor's thesis focuses on the change in the ideological position of ANO 2011 between 2013 and 2021. ANO 2011 is understood as a business-firm party, which adjusts its ideological position based on voter demand. It describes the development of the ideological position on the left-right cleavage and on the cleavage of the relationship with the European Union. This analysis is based on CVVM opinion polls and the Chapel Hill Expert Survey. The evolution of the ideological position is also examined in relative terms, i.e. how the ANO 2011 movement is evolving in relation to the poles of the cleavage lines represented by KSČM and TOP 09. The results show that on the left-right cleavage line, the absolute and relative ideological position of ANO 2011 has shifted towards the political left. On the cleavage line of the relationship to the EU, the absolute position of ANO 2011 is stable, while the relative position has shifted towards euroscepticism.
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Insults and Violence in the Czech Parliament
Deml, Ondřej ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Jágr, David (referee)
8 Abstract The thesis is focused on the issue of insults and violence in the Czech Parliament. The introductory part discusses foreign research on this topic and describes the Czech historical context concerning insults and violence in the legislative body. The thesis uses content analysis to identify cases of both phenomena in the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate between 2006 and 2022. The resulting data are used to answer the following research questions: (1) What utterances or actions result in Deputies and Senators committing an insult in Parliament? (2) Under what conditions is an insult used in Parliament? (3) What is the response of the Mandate and Immunity Committee to the violent incidents? Based on research, it can be concluded that insults in parliament most often take the form of statements that question moral integrity. The paper likewise identifies three basic conditions (the ability to use insults in connection with personal predispositions, motivation, perceived benefits) without which insults in Parliament would likely not occur. The text also discusses the response of the Mandate and Immunity Committee to violence in Parliament, where the Committee punished one violent incident to the maximum extent allowed, but the two remaining cases were outside its jurisdiction.
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Development of the British Parliament from 1707 to 1901
Jandus, Jakub ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Seltenreich, Radim (referee)
Development of the British Parliament from 1707 to 1901 The subject of this thesis is the process of development of the British Parliament from the unification of the Kingdom of England and Scotland and the creation of Great Britain in 1707 until the end of the rule of Queen Victoria in 1901. The objective of this thesis is to analyze the British political system of the 18th century, explain the relationship between parliament and other branches of power, describe the parliamentary reforms in the 19th century and the related composition of the upper and lower house of parliament. Last but not least, the thesis deals with the emergence of a constitutional monarchy in relation to the British Parliament. The first chapter deals with the first half of the 18th century, describes the reign of Queen Anne, during which the Acts of Union 1707 were passed, and the Treaty of Utrecht was approved. The chapter also includes the accession of the Hanoverian dynasty to the British throne and the emergence of the institution of Prime Minister. The second chapter deals with the second half of the 18th century, especially the reign of King George III. and his efforts to expand royal power and restore the monarch's influence over his ministers. Furthermore, this chapter contains issues related to the rise of...
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The influence of architecture on constitutional law
Šedová, Barbora ; Preuss, Ondřej (advisor) ; Kindlová, Miluše (referee)
97 The influence of architecture on constitutional law Abstract This thesis deals with the connection between architecture and constitutional law. Both disciplines can influence each other, and thus reshape their image in people's perception. The architecture and urban planning of the buildings of state institutions are significantly related to national symbolism, to the possibility of identifying oneself with the state, to the behaviour of people in space, to the representation of the powers of these institutions, but at the same time, their appearance is often influenced by political decisions. The aim of the thesis is to find out to what extent architecture influences law. Architecture can represent and materialize the principles on which the state is based. The appearance and layout of a building can influence the functioning of the institution housed within it, while also influencing how the building and the institution is perceived by citizens. This general objective is then developed by analysing the Czech constitutional system, which is characterised as a parliamentary form of government, although there are opinions saying that it is closer to a semi-presidential system. This view, which is rooted primarily in the perception of citizens, may also be supported by the appearance and location of the...
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Czech modern conservatism in the light of the SPOLU (Together) coalition
Rumiantceva, Iuliia ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Charvát, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis examines contemporary Czech conservatism in the context of the SPOLU coalition, which currently consists of three political parties (ODS, TOP 09 and KDU-ČSL). The main goal of the work is to analyze different approaches to conservatism within the coalition. The thesis consists of a theoretical and analytical part, focused on the development of conservatism as an ideology and individual party families, as well as on the current political situation in Europe and the conservative faction of the EU. This work first deals with the concept of conservatism, its origin, and the definition of the concept. The analytical part of the work focuses on the analysis of the conservatism of the parties of the SPOLU coalition, including their attitude to traditional family values, national identity and culture, social and economic policy and other aspects that are fundamental to conservatism. Subsequently, the work deals with the ideological position of individual political parties and then performs their analysis. Based on the analysis, it is defined whether the parties are truly conservative. The work will also explore whether the coalition parties could merge to form a new political party. The research questions are whether the SPOLU coalition can be considered conservative and whether the...
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Zastoupení žen v národních parlamentech západní a východní Evropy: Srovnání Španělska a Ukrajiny
Rushynets, Anna
This thesis compares the share of women in the parliament in Spain with those in Ukraine in the period from 1945 to 2019 by using cultural, political, socio-economic factors, and indicators such as HDI, IHDI, GDI, GII. The thesis describes the representation of women in its historical development in the parliaments of Spain and Ukraine, using given conditions which have influence the share of women in national parliaments, and the factors that determined the attitude of parliamentary parties to gender equality at the level of national politics. The thesis compares the historical development of representation of women, given factors, and indicators and attitudes of political parties in Spain and Ukraine. Based on the results of is comparison, it was exemplifies that the high proportion of women in the Congress of Deputies of Spain is a consequence of the established gender policy of the state and the imposition of compulsory electoral quotas, and sanctions for its violation. In conclusion, there are recommendations for Ukraine to improve the current state of the issue.
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Deficits of contemporary law-making in Czech Republic
Crha, Miroslav ; Wintr, Jan (referee)
The deficits of conteporary law-making in the Czech Republic Keywords: legislative process, Parliament, legisprudence Abstract: The thesis concerns contemporary law-making process in the Czech Republic in an effort to identify its weak spots, which can lead to low-quality laws being created and passed. Rating the quality of legislative process is considered by the author to be impossible without a proper philosophical and theoretical basis. Such basis is found in the theory of legisprudence, which was conceived by L. Wintgens. Legisprudence is a theory of rational law-making and it presents itself as an alternative to mainstream jurisprudence that is focused mainly on interpreting law. In accordance with legisprudence, the legitimacy of law is dependent on bringing positive outcomes compared to a situation of absence of law. Philosophically, legisprudence is based on social contract as a mandate for the lawmaker to pass laws that only minimally encroach on freedoms. Principles of legisprudence and the requirements on lawmakers that it formulates, are applied on specific parts of the law-making process in Czech Republic. Specifically, administrative procedure of legislative drafting, legislative technique, explanatory memoranda, regulatory impact assessment, and parliamentary procedure are examined. These...
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Representation of women in parliamentary political parties in the Czech Republic and in France since 2017
Součková, Alžběta ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Guasti, Petra (referee)
This thesis focuses on parliamentary political parties in the Czech Republic and in France in the period since the 2017 legislative elections in both countries. It looks at the different attitudes and approaches of political parties towards women's representation. In addition to the historical context of the two countries and each political party, it also presents the long-term factors that influence the representation of women in political parties. Such factors include a country's political culture, the existence of women's party organizations, or the intra-party setting of quotas for women's representation. Institutional arrangements set from outside are also an important factor, with the parity law having impact on French political parties. The following analysis of different political environments attempts to capture these and other factors affecting women's representation and their practical manifestations. First, the party positions in the period under study are analyzed, followed by the candidate lists for the 2017 legislative elections and the results of these elections, i.e. the ratio of male and female occupancy of parliamentary seats and senior positions. Next, the elections to the upper chambers and women running for the office of the President of the Republic are approached. The...
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