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Electrochemical Reduction and Oxidation of Nucleic Acids Bases and their Analogues: a Brief Overview
Fojta, Miroslav ; Špaček, Jan ; Dudová, Zdenka ; Pivoňková, Hana ; Daňhel, Aleš ; Fojt, Lukáš ; Havran, Luděk
Nucleic acids are known as electroactive biomacromolecules containing electrochemically reducible or oxidizable constituents. Nucleobases cytosine, 5-methylcytosine, adenine and guanine can be reduced in aqueous media on mercury or silver amalgam electrodes. Oxidation of all natural nucleic acids bases (in addition to the above mentioned ones, also uracil and thymine) was demonstrated using various types of carbon electrodes. Some of synthetic nucleobases or nucleotide analogues (e g., 7-deazapurines, cytidine analogues used as epigenetic modulators, etc.) exhibit specific electrochemical properties that differ from those of the parent bases and can be utilized to determine the given substance in the presence of natural nucleic acids or their components.
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Jiří Veltruský's Structuralist Approach to Theatre
OTRADOVCOVÁ, Lucie
The present BC thesis focuses on aesthetic theory of Jiří Veltruský. The work will attempt to show how Veltruský develops the ideas of the Czech structuralist school, introduces the key concepts that Veltruský uses and demonstrates how these concepts are used to describe the basic features of the theatrical art. Focus will be mainly on Veltruský's description of relationship between basic elements of the theater and the role of the text.
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Metoda stanovení struktur početních stavů populací spárkaté zvěře
KROUPA, Robert
The diploma thesis deals with the determination and expansion of numerical structures for Cloven-hoofed game ie. for roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), red deer (Cervus elaphus), fallow deer (Dama dama), sika deer (Cervus nippon), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), mouflon (Ovis musimon), chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) and wild boar (Sus scrofa). The social structures of female game numbers for different sex ratios have been developed and can be used in different types of breeding. Based on the model cases performed, it has been confirmed that, with a limited number of individuals in the population, the number of youngsters and the number of adults decreases in nature at the sex ratio in favor of females due to spontaneous game reduction. As a result, the average age of adults is reduced, and younger years are getting into reproduction. Another negative aspect of this unbalanced sex ratio is the increase in cloven-hoofed game and related damage and intraspecific stress. In addition, for some game reserves, if the sex ratio is increased for males, there are problems of a similar character, which are being overcome by greater losses in heat fights. This creates additional economic damage. Model cases have shown and confirmed that, with a limited number of game and around a balanced gender ratio of 1:1 to about 1.2:1 in favor for males and 1:1.2 in favor for females, there are no problems with population control because it is predictable. Once the gender ratio is wider, basic problems arise and that is poorly breeding. These wider gender ratios are on one side and the other unnatural in nature and therefore carry many problems.
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Structural studies of selected signaling protein complexes.
Pšenáková, Katarína ; Obšil, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hrabal, Richard (referee) ; Maloy Řezáčová, Pavlína (referee)
The ability of proteins to bind other molecules in response to various stimuli in their microenvironment serves as a platform for extensive regulatory networks coordinating downstream cell actions. The correct function of these signaling pathways depends mostly on noncovalent interactions often affecting the structure of proteins and protein complexes. Understanding the molecular mechanism of a protein function in cell signaling therefore often depends on our knowledge of a three-dimensional structure. In this doctoral thesis, I present the work that led to the understanding of several protein-protein and protein-ligand interactions implicated in cell signaling at the molecular level. I applied nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, small angle X-ray scattering and other biophysical methods to determine the molecular basis of inhibition of four signaling proteins: Calcium/Calmodulin (Ca2+ /CaM)-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 (CaMKK2); protease Caspase-2; Forkhead transcription factor FOXO3, and Apoptosis signal-regulating protein kinase 1 (ASK1). In particular, I investigated the distinct roles of 14-3-3 and Ca2+ /CaM in the regulation of CaMKK2 activity. I also studied in detail the mechanism how 14-3-3 interferes with the caspase-2 oligomerization and its nuclear localization as well as...
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Annes, Extension and Building Adjustment of the Building House Neumannova in Brno, Preparation and Realization of Buildings
Martincová, Michaela ; Patloka, Jiří (referee) ; Šlanhof, Jiří (advisor)
The thesis deals with the technological stage of the rough construction of the annex and the reconstruction of the apartment building on Neumannova Street in Brno-Pisárky. These are earthworks, rough substructure, rough construction, demolition work, and some of the finishing work. The diploma thesis deals with the design of the work process of the works, the design of the machine assemblies, the studies of the implementation of the main technological stages, the preparation of the budget item, the time schedule, the time and the financial plan of the object, the control and testing plan, the material assurance plan and the transport relations. Further, the design of the building facility is processed and a technical report of the building facility is made.
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Car service
Diatel, Bohumil ; Kozubíková, Ivana (referee) ; Matějka, Libor (advisor)
The subject of this diploma thesis is a layout of car service object in Brno – Horní Heršpice, Železná street. The building is designed as four-floor with flat - cascaded roof, which will be partially used also like a terrace. The object is intended for repairs and servicing of the trucks and buses. Inside the building are situated also offices, training room and temporary accommodation for the drivers. Supporting structure of the building is composed by ferroconcrete prefabricated shell, which horizontal supporting structure is composed by ferroconcrete pre-stressed panels spiroll. The curtain enclosure wall is designed from Sendwix system line-sand bricks with the outer thermal insulation. A building plot is flat. A part of the layout is also thermal and technical, acoustic and fire safety assessment. This diploma thesis contain also five specializations – layout of ferronconrete pre-stressed girder, layout of steel shelter, layout of construction basing, scheme of the overall heat output of the building and sewerage layout.
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Building survey and evaluating the state of construction
Broďák, Marek ; Komárková, Tereza (referee) ; Heřmánková, Věra (advisor)
This diploma thesis is focused on building survey and evaluating the state of existing constructions. In theoretical part are described the process of evaluating the state of existing constructions and selected diagnostic methods. The practical part is dealing with performed structural and technical survey of industrial object including evaluation of the strength of concrete and verification of the reinforcement. The last part is focused on a static assessment of selected supporting element of the structure.
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Effect of sub-micrometer structural features on rheology of polymer nanocomposites
Lepcio, Petr ; Chodák,, Ivan (referee) ; doc.Ing.Marián Lehocký, Ph.D. (referee) ; Jančář, Josef (advisor)
Polymerní nanokompozity (PNCs) mají slibnou budoucnost jako lehké funkční materiály zpracovatelné aditivními výrobními technologiemi. Jejich rychlému rozšíření však brání silná závislost jejich užitných vlastností na prostorovém uspořádání nanočástic (NP). Schopnost řídit disperzi nanočástic je tak klíčovým předpokladem pro jejich uplatnění ve funkčních kompozitech. Tato práce zkoumá přípravu polymerních nanokompozitů v modelové sklotvorné polymerní matrici roztokovou metodou, technikou schopnou vytvářet prostorové uspořádání nanočástic řízené strukturními a kinetickými parametry přípravného procesu. Prezentované výsledky popisují rozdíly mezi změnami rheologického chování roztoku polystyrenu při oscilačním smyku s vysokou amplitudou (LAOS) vyvolanými nanočásticemi. Výsledky vedou k závěru, že vysoce-afinní OP-POSS nanočástice při nízkých koncentracích dobře interagují s PS a tvoří tuhé agregáty, zatímco nízko-afinní OM-POSS nanočástice za těchto podmínek neovlivňují deformační chování polymerních řetězců. Dále byla pozornost zaměřena na vliv použitého rozpouštědla na uspořádání nanočástic v SiO2/PMMA a SiO2/PS nanokompozitech, který je v literatuře prezentován jako parametr řídící prostorové uspořádání nanočástic v pevném stavu. Důraz byl kladen na kvalitativní rozdíly mezi „špatně dispergovanými“ shluky nanočástic, které byly na základě rheologie a strukturální analýzy (TEM, USAXS) identifikovány jako polymerními řetězci vázané nanočásticové klastry a dva typy agregátů, jeden termodynamického a druhý kinetického původu. Jednotlivé druhy agregátů se vyznačují odlišnými kinetikami vzniku a rozdílnými vlastnostmi jak mezi sebou, tak v porovnání s dispergovanými nanočásticemi. Pozorované typy disperze nanočástic byly kvantitativně posouzeny podle svých rheologických vlastností během roztokové přípravy, podle kterých byla vyhodnocena míra adsorpce polymeru na povrch nanočástic a atrakce ve vypuzeném objemu. Výsledky byly porovnány s teorií PRISM. Důležitost uspořádání nanočástic byla demonstrována na porovnání teplot skelných přechodů různých struktur při stejném chemickém složení.
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INFLUENCE OF INFORMATION SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION ON CHANGES IN STRATEGIC GOALS AND IN ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES
Hajkrová, Romana ; Bartoš, Vojtěch (referee) ; Dvořák, Jiří (referee) ; Kubík, Josef (referee) ; Němeček, Petr (advisor)
The aim of the dissertation is to monitor the process of information system implementation and its impact on the changes in the organizational structure and in strategic goals. Achieving this task is based on monitoring and evaluating the process of implementing the information system, on monitoring its impact on factors which affect the necessary changes in the organizational structure of enterprises and affect the strategic objectives of the enterprise. The data will be obtained on the basis of scientific methods designed for this purpose and they will be divided into parts of a questionnaire survey and of a managed interview. Within the framework of the questionnaire, the entire process will be evaluated in three dimensions: level of management, user level and the process level. The result of the dissertation will be either a confirmation or a refutation of the hypothesis related to the impact of IS implementation on the strategic objectives and on the organizational structure of the company. On this basis a defined procedure will be created for the implementation of information system monitoring and regulating changes in the strategic objectives and in the organizational structure. This procedure can serve as a guide for general use within companies, and on the basis of its results a decision will be made as to whether it is possible to use it in practice.
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Structural and pharmacological determinants of NMDA receptor channel gating
Ladislav, Marek ; Krůšek, Jan (advisor) ; Bendová, Zdeňka (referee) ; Zemková, Hana (referee)
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are heterotetramers containing two obligatory glycine-binding (GluN1) and two glutamate/glycine-binding (GluN2/3) subunits. These receptors mediate excitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system and play a key role in high order neuronal processes as a learning and formation of memory. It has been shown that dysregulation of NMDARs is involved in the pathophysiology of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Each receptor is composed of four protomers exhibiting a conserved domain organization. The most distal part to the cell membrane is the amino-terminal domain that is linked to the ligand binding domain (LBD), which is connected to the pore-forming transmembrane domain (TMD) communicating with the intracellular carboxy-terminal domain. LBD and TMD are connected via three polypeptide chains - linkers. Channel opening is the key step in the NMDAR gating that allows the flux of ions across the membrane. The energy of agonist binding-evoked conformational changes is transferred via linkers to M3 helices forming an ion channel. The rearrangement of M3 helices in activated receptor makes the central cavity of the channel accessible. The details of energy transfer are not yet fully characterized, although accurate knowledge of the receptor gating...
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