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Biofilm formation in probiotic cultures and its application in pharmacy
Ryšávka, Petr ; Obruča, Stanislav (referee) ; Vorlová, Lenka (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
The work was comprehensively focused on the development of adhesive forms of probiotics in the form of a biofilm on combined carriers with a prebiotic component. The second part dealed with the influence of food on the multiplication and survival of selected types of probiotic bacteria. Subsequently, the effect of individualized probiotic supplements on changes in the human intestinal microbiome was monitored. Suitable adherent probiotic strains for biofilm formation were selected and tested. Methods have been introduced and different variants of carriers for culturing and binding bacteria have been tested. In vitro experiments verified the stability of biofilm stucture and its resistance to low pH, bile and antibiotics in comparison with the planktonic cell form. The antimicrobial effect of probiotic strains in the form of a biofilm was studied. The cultivation of the multispecies biofilm on the combined carrier was optimized and the stability of the biofilm and the final viability of probiotic bacteria were confirmed. Furthermore, the influence of various foods and beverages on the viability of probiotic bacteria was evaluated with emphasis on the simulation of passage through the gastrointestinal tract. Both models, solutions with standardised concentrations of alcohol, sugar, salts, proteins or different pH and different types of real foods and beverages were tested. The effect of food and beverages was tested on monocultures of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium breve and on probiotic capsules containing a mixed culture of probiotic microorganisms. The survival of probiotics in various food matrices in the simulated gastrointestinal tract was quantitatively different. We managed to define foods suitable for supporting the multiplication of probiotic bacteria. A separate part of the work was focused on the targeted modulation of the intestinal microbiome by individualized probiotics that were prepared on the basis of molecular biological analyzes of the intestinal microbiome aimed at detecting the percentage of lactobacilli, bifidobacteria and phylum Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Personalized probiotic supplementation confirmed the positive effect of this approach on microbiome changes, especially on the increase of the content of lactobacilli, bifidobacteria and the overall diversity of the microbiome.
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Construction of comparison measuregauge for measurement of tools.
Brabenec, Petr ; Dočkal, Aleš (referee) ; Ždímal, Pavel (advisor)
This work is about construction of a comparison gauge to meausure revolving tools. The gauge measures cutting and clamping parts of standard and special reamers. The gauge is unique and is designed for a company manufacturing concerete. It was designed in accordance with requirements and a prototype was tested for functionality. There is made analysis, development, design, theoretic estimation and practical verification of accurancy.
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Formation of biofilm by probiotic bacteria and its processing to solid drug form.
Grossová, Marie ; Rittich, Bohuslav (referee) ; Buňka, František (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
The aim of present work is cultivation of probiotic bacteria L. acidophilus, B. breve and B. longum in such a way that the culture forms cells clusters or comprehensive biofilm on the variety of free carriers. Biofilm formation of L. acidophilus on the silica from point of view bile and acid tolerance in gastrointestinal tract was studied. While the number of living cells in planktonic form (planktonic form) at pH 1 fell by 30 %, the viability of the biofilm cells was maintained to 90 % under the same environmental conditions. The biofilm culture showed also the protection against environment contained bile. Furthermore, the possibilities of drying procedures of biofilm cultures used as commercial technologies in pharmaceutical industry were studied. The comparison of freeze-drying and fluidization bed drying showed, that freeze-drying is more suitable method, which is able to achieve higher amount of viable cells after drying than fluidization bed drying. The effectivity of freeze-drying method is dependent on the selection of suitable cryprotective medium. In this case, about 90 % higher viability after freeze drying was achieved in comparison with fluidization bed drying. Finally, the industrial processing of probiotic strains into the solid dosage form was studied. Tablets should be produced at hardness between 70 and 90 N and water activity of tablet mixture can be maintained below 0.3. Consequently, the drying step of the tablets in a hermetically closed space with at least 10 % of silica gel must be ensured. Thereafter, the tablets contain (5.4 ± 0.7)109 viable cells after 6 months of drying process. Capsule production technology has no significant effect on the cell‘s viability during production. The triplex blistering foil for primary blistering of probiotic capsules was chosen. The triplex foil, which has low values of water vapour transition rate (0.07 g H2O / (m2 × day) and oxygen transition rate (0.01 cm3/m2 × day), was chosen. Other studied blistering foils commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry are not suitable for long storage of solid dosage forms contained probiotics.
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Construction of boom of loader Dapper
Gregor, Jiří ; Petráš, Jiří (referee) ; Škopán, Miroslav (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with the analysis of the current kinematic mechanism of the DAPPER 5000 boom. The second part of the thesis deals with the new mechanism design. The new solution is also analysed kinematically and forcefully. The first part of the thesis is devoted to a description of the DAPPER 5000 and its parts. It is followed by a description of its boom, its analysis and comparison with the booms of competitive loaders. After a critical review of the various boom concepts, where their suitability for the DAPPER 5000 is assessed, a new mechanism for the DAPPER boom is designed. This is followed by a detailed analysis of this mechanism, a basic strength check and, in conclusion, the results of the analyses are summarized, and the meaningfulness of this structural change is evaluated.
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3D Printing of Ceramic Bone Grafts with Different Internal Architecture
Novotná, Lenka ; Sekora, Jiří (referee) ; Provazník, Ivo (advisor)
Bioceramics in the form of scaffolds hold great promise in bone tissue regeneration. While the scaffold composition is important for biocompatibility, the internal architecture plays a key role in allowing proper cell penetration, nutrient diffusion, bone ingrowth, vascularization as well as mechanical properties. A solid freeform fabrication is a promising processing technique, allowing to study structural parameters independently. This bachelor thesis is focused on ceramic bone replacements with different internal structure. The thesis is divided into 8 chapters. The first four chapters briefly summarize the current state of the art in the following fields: bone structure, requirements for synthetic bone replacements, scaffold architecture, and fabrication methods with an emphasis on 3D printing. The next chapters deal with experimental part. The image analysis of mouse skeleton was performed. On the basis of the measured pore size (50 200 m) and according to the literature search, 16 structures with various shape, curvature and pore size were designed. The CAD models were printed by a stereolithography from a tricalcium phosphate dispersion. Sintered ceramic scaffolds exhibited an ideal structure for application in bone tissue engineering. Scaffolds contained both interconnected macro- and micropores of optimal sizes up to 500 m and about 3 m, respectively. The results confirm that stereolithography is suitable, and compared to others, precise method for preparing scaffolds having different internal structures. The individual structural characteristics influencing the scaffold behaviour will be possible to study independently to each other. And thus improve the scientific knowledge in the field of treatment of large segmental bone defects.
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Design of Portable Fluorescence Immunoassay Analyzer
Filková, Adriana ; Sládek, Josef (referee) ; Fridrichová, Eva (advisor)
The subject of this bachelor's thesis is a design of a portable fluorescence immunological analyzer for laboratory and healthcare facilities. The main requirements encompassed durability, ergonomics, and easy sample manipulation. Based on technical and design analysis, a custom design was developed, incorporating a stand for holding a testing mico tube, automatic slot opening, a touchscreen display, and an on/off button. The lateral sides of the product are ergonomically rounded and feature anti-slip grooving. To enhance durability, the touchscreen display is recessed into the top surface of the analyzer. The design of the resulting proposal is non-intrusive and meets the environmental conditions for which it is intended.
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Study of influence of hydrophilic carriers on the solubility of a poorly soluble drug
Veselá, Eliška ; Šklubalová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Vraníková, Barbora (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Supervisor: Doc. PharmDr. Zdeňka Šklubalová, Ph.D. Consultant: Mgr. Jana Brokešová Student: Eliška Veselá Title of Thesis: Study of influence of hydrophilic carriers on the solubility of a poorly soluble drug The aim of this thesis was to enhance the solubility of a poorly soluble model drug meloxicam (MLX) by preparing binary interactive mixtures with hydrophilic carriers by simple mixing and co-milling. The mixtures were characterized for granulometric properties. The dissolution studies were carried out using the USP-4 apparatus assembled with a flow-through powder cell in an open-loop system. The dissolution rate rrel (min-1 ) and the amount of released drug mrel (%) were evaluated. The observable positive effect of carriers was registerred in terms of increasing the dissolution rate and the amount of released drug for both mixed and co-milled mixtures comparing to the raw drug. Mixtures with hypromellose were the exception; the improvement of the monitored parameters was not detected.
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Study of influence of hydrophilic carriers on the solubility of a poorly soluble drug
Veselá, Eliška ; Šklubalová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Vraníková, Barbora (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Supervisor: Doc. PharmDr. Zdeňka Šklubalová, Ph.D. Consultant: Mgr. Jana Brokešová Student: Eliška Veselá Title of Thesis: Study of influence of hydrophilic carriers on the solubility of a poorly soluble drug The aim of this thesis was to enhance the solubility of a poorly soluble model drug meloxicam (MLX) by preparing binary interactive mixtures with hydrophilic carriers by simple mixing and co-milling. The mixtures were characterized for granulometric properties. The dissolution studies were carried out using the USP-4 apparatus assembled with a flow-through powder cell in an open-loop system. The dissolution rate rrel (min-1 ) and the amount of released drug mrel (%) were evaluated. The observable positive effect of carriers was registerred in terms of increasing the dissolution rate and the amount of released drug for both mixed and co-milled mixtures comparing to the raw drug. Mixtures with hypromellose were the exception; the improvement of the monitored parameters was not detected.
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Kompozitní pěnové nosiče pro tkáňové inženýrství kostí
Kuntová, Henrieta ; Rampichová, Michala (advisor) ; Krulová, Magdaléna (referee)
The goal of my work was to introduce the fast pacing field of tissue engineering with focus on bone regeneration. Tissue engineering could be a future alternative to the currently used conventional approaches that suffer from healing failures. Due to increasing demand for bone tissue replacement damaged by degenerative diseases or injuries, many laboratories have attempted to come up with solutions in a form of artificial constructs. In the present light of interest are composite scaffolds usually made of polymer and ceramic combinations. Their main advantage is that they combine elasticity and tensile strength of a polymer with bioactivity and mechanical hardness of a ceramic, while removing drawbacks of each material. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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