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Methods of imaging and analysis of biological specimens
Novotná, Veronika ; Tománek, Pavel (referee) ; Knápek, Alexandr (advisor)
Bachelor thesis deals with characterization of human tissues and bacteria from the microscopic point of view. Physical principles of SNOM and electron microscopy (TEM, SEM, ESEM), together with their suitability for observing of biological specimens, were presented. In the next section, there is focus on data transformation from electron microscopy from time plane to image plane and their following processing. Next section is about experimental preparation of specimens for observing in SEM, ESEM and SNOM. Currently there is an idea to use scanning near-field optical microscope for biological research. That is why the goal of this thesis is compare SNOM and EM techniques, mentioned above. In this thesis we try to use SNOM as a cheaper option than EM in the observation of biological specimens. EM and SNOM allow obtaining different, however comparable and complementary information of the specimen.
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Evaluation of Gas Flow at the Proposed Shapes of Scintillation Detector Aperture Sieves
Matloch, Roman ; Špinka, Jiří (referee) ; Maxa, Jiří (advisor)
This work describes briefly electron microscopy issue and physical model of fluid flow. Then the simplified three-dimensional model of scintillation detector will be created in SolidWorks system for 3D cubical models. The gas flow behind the screening in this 3D model will be analyzed and compared by method of finite cube method in SolidWorks Flow Simulation system. This screening will be analyzed in several variants: the screening with 0.6 mm opening and the screening with net-like openings. The results of analyses will be compared according to the requirements. The appropriate shapes from the analyzed parts will be practically measured.
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The Imaging Of A Schock Wave Within A Supersoniclow-Pressure Gas Flow Using Opticalmethods
Bayer, Robert
Using Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope (ESEM), which uses high gas pressure within the specimen chamber instead of vacuum, allows us to study samples containing water, samples with high capacity and live biological samples. It is because of the lack of the need to freeze the sample to sublimate the water from it. However, the behavior of the pumped gas in low pressures is not well mapped to be the low-pressure gas flow simulations considered adequately precise for applying on ESEM. To increase the precision of simulations, it is possible to use optical methods for imaging the shock wave within the differentially pumped chamber because of its uniqueness.
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Influence Boundary Layer In The Differentially Pumped Chamber
Bílek, Michal ; Hlavatá, Pavla
The goal of this thesis is the analysis of a gas flowing through the drain channels within the apertures of differentially pumped chamber of the Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope (ESEM). This thesis contains a verification of current simulation results of gas flow within the differentially pumped chamber published by D. Danilatos using Monte Carlo method in comparison with simulation results achieved by using simulation program ANSYS Fluent, which uses the mechanism of continuum for its calculations and where it was effect of the boundary layer taken into account.
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The Impact Of Critical Flow In Differentially Pumped Chamber
Hlavatá, Pavla
Environmentální rastrovací elektronový mikroskop (EREM), který je konstruován pro vysoký tlak plynů v komoře vzorku namísto vakua, umožňuje studovat vzorky obsahující vodu nebo živé biologické vzorky bez nutnosti jejich speciální úpravy. To z důvodu, že mezi komoru vzorku a tubus je vložena diferenciálně čerpaná komora. Vzhledem k velkým tlakovým spádům u této konstrukce dochází při čerpání plynu k nadzvukovému proudění za clonou oddělující komoru vzorku od diferenciálně čerpané komory. To se projevuje specifickým jevem kritického proudění ve cloně a poklesem tlaku v proudu v nadzvukové oblasti. Vhodnou konstrukční úpravou je možné využít daný jev a docílit snížení průměrného tlaku plynu ve dráze primárního svazku. To má za následek snížení rozptylu primárního svazku a zvýšení ostrosti výsledného obrazu.
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