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Methodology for preparing data from digital libraries for use in digital humanities
Lehečka, B. ; Novák, D. ; Kersch, Filip ; Hladík, Radim ; Bíšková, J. ; Sekyrová, K. ; Válek, F. ; Vozár, Z. ; Bodnár, N. ; Sekan, P. ; Bežová, M. ; Žabička, P. ; Lhoták, Martin ; Straňák, Pavel
This methodology aims to offer libraries and other memory institutions in the Czech Republic a recommended procedure for making large volumes of data available for research purposes. Currently, from this point of view, a more than critical amount of documents from library collections are digitized, while the results of digitization are presented in various digital library systems. When making them available, it is always necessary to proceed from the current version of the copyright law, but it is already possible to prepare for its significant amendment, which implements Directive 2019/790 of the European Parliament and the Council and concerns, among other things, the extraction of texts and data for scientific purposes. The architecture of the newly developed system for digital libraries recommended by the methodology will ensure scalability, easy management and the development of related services. The presented methods of data processing, their enrichment and output formats are based on the requirements of specialists from the entire range of humanities.
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Interpretation of the main characters of The Witcher Saga based on qualitative research
Válek, Filip ; Laufková, Veronika (advisor) ; Starý, Karel (referee)
This thesis explores how upper primary schoolers interpret characters of the popular series The Witcher by Andrzej Sapkowski. Given their reading experience and mental development, pupils at this age are becoming the series' target audience. The theoretical part of the thesis introduces the reader to the world of The Witcher through the life and work of its author. Model character descriptions are also provided. They attempt to complexly explore possible ways of describing select characters from the series through various means of characterization. In the practical part of the thesis, character typology is offered based on some key traits shared by certain characters. This typology is then used in a small-scale qualitative research done on readers who have read the series and are capable of interpreting its characters. Three main types of characters are introduced - protagonists (characters connected by their destiny), antagonists (characters capable of evil acts in the name of prophecy) and other characters who are connected with the protagonists by shared goals and heroic transformation. The aim of this study is to show how works of modern fantasy might be used in Czech literature classes and to compare pupils' interpretations with expectations of how characters might be perceived. Despite the...
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Flyers in the Thirty Years War
Válek, Filip ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Kortus, Oldřich (referee)
The Thirty Years War (1618-1648) is one of the major events in both the European and the Czech history. It affected the whole of Central, Western and South Eastern Europe. The 1 i h century, however, did not see only ragging wars; it also saw the birth of Baroque culture in Bohemia. An essential part of the culture was art and the fine arts especially. In the fine arts the religious and social events of the era found their c1earest reflection. Moreover, fine art, for various groups of people, was a c1ear appeal to change their political opinions, systems of values and religious beliefs. The 1 i h century provided new impetus for the development of newspapers, brochures and leaflets; most of these were published in print. The majority of events which took place in Bohemia or outside of it were thought to have a major impact on history. This was very important for the then media, as it provided them with a reservoir of events to report on. In my thesis, I ex amine one type of printed reports, namely printed single sheets, which have been well preserved in sufficient quantity. Printed single sheets were used to convey emotionally coloured content to influence the warring parties of the Thirty Year' s War according to their author' s aim. In my thesis, I look at history through single sheets, which were mainly...
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The Epic of Zimrī-Lîm
Válek, František ; Mynářová, Jana (advisor) ; Miglio, Adam E. (referee)
The presented master's thesis deals with the Epic of Zimrī-Lîm, a text from the ancient city of Mari from the beginning of the 18th century BC. The text of the epic is included in transliteration (based on the edition by Michaël Guichard from 2014) and in English translation. The epic has also been published online as the first entry of NERE (Near Eastern Royal Epics) project on ORACC (Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus). In addition to the text itself, the thesis includes a broader historical-cultural commentary. There, selected elements of the ancient text are portraited as well-set within the lived cultural-political environment of the ancient Near East, with particular attention to the time of Zimrī-Lîm. Most of the space is devoted to the religious aspect of the work, especially the role of the deities. Last but not least, the composition is discussed within the context of other royal epics of the ancient Near East. Key Words Zimrī-Lîm, Mari, TellHariri, epic, royal epics, Akkadian literature, narrative, royal ideology, religion, ancient Syria, ancient Mesopotamia, ancient Near East, Middle Bronze Age
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Foreign Influences in Religion of Ancient Syria
Válek, František ; Antalík, Dalibor (advisor) ; Čech, Pavel (referee)
This thesis aims to map non-Semitic influences in the religion and culture of the Late Bronze Age Syria. During the Late Bronze Age, Syria was divided into many local kingdoms which were most of the time subdued to the great empires of the ancient Near East (Mitanni and Ḫatti) and Egypt. Influences from these cultural areas are the most noticeable. Trade across the Mediterranean brought many cultural influences, too. These are mostly observable in art. The thesis is centred around case studies from Ugarit, Amurru, Byblos, Karkemiš, Alalaḫ, Ḫalāb, Emar, Tunip and Qaṭna. Each case study shows peculiarities of individual sites and different modes of cultural transfer. The data are set into a broader anthropological perspective and some general conclusions are made about the process of culture transfer and about conceptions of foreignnessin theculturesof theancientNearEastand Egypt.Abroadertheoryof cultureasa system of concepts is outlined and the material is interpreted in its light. Key words Foreigners, foreignness, culture transfer, religion, Late Bronze Age, ancient Syria, ancient Near East, Egypt, Ḫatti, Mitanni, Hittites, Hurrians, Egyptians, Ugarit, Amurru, Byblos, Karkemiš, Alalaḫ, Ḫalāb, Emar, Tunip, Qaṭna.
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The Typology of Female Characters in George R. R. Martin's Series A Song of Ice and Fire
Válek, Filip ; Zimová, Lucie (advisor) ; Laufková, Veronika (referee)
This thesis deals with the typology of Martin's characters, which, during their stories, undergo a development that significantly distinguish their character traits, which gives us the opportunity to categorize them into literary types. A consistent confrontation with biographical texts is necessary to understand the selection and character typing. A brief biography is mentioned in the first chapter. The basic principles on which these typologies are based on are presented in the second chapter. This bachelor thesis deals not solely with the main female characters of the saga, but specifically with those undergoing a crucial character development. Six of the most prominent female types were determined - a manipulative woman, a mother, a woman desiring the throne, a woman not following the standards, a mad woman, and a woman controlled by the fate. Each category has its own chapter devoted to it with a brief introduction to the issue and is represented by several characters corresponding to the given typology. It is also considered how the characters proceed in the same way or how they differ following the characteristics of the given type. These are literary types that can be valid even in the real world and depict basic human qualities, although they are set in a completely fictional world and are...
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Cultic Use of Alcohol in Religion of Ancient Syria
Válek, František ; Antalík, Dalibor (advisor) ; Čech, Pavel (referee)
The presented paper deals with use of fermented beverages in cult of ancient Syria. The basis is work with written source material from Emar, Ugarit, Mari, Alalaḫ, Tuttul, Terqa and Ebla. Apart form cultic, administrative and legal texts, alcohol i also reflected from view of mythological and epic texts, as has been preserved in Ugaritic texts. Archeological and iconographical material is considered only briefly to illustrate the idea. The most interpretative part of the paper are chapters on perception of alcohol in wider cultural context of ancient Syria. Here we can see the influence of V. Turner's theory of liminality and antistructure, partial influence of M. Douglas's concept of ambivalence and M. Dietler's findings about alcohol form anthropological perspective. The most important finding of this paper is the relationship between feast and sacrifice, especially perception of sacrifice as feast and vice versa. It is in the context od feasting, where alcohol plays a crucial role as intoxicating drink, not as mere nourishment.
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Flyers in the Thirty Years War
Válek, Filip ; Kortus, Oldřich (referee) ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor)
The Thirty Years War (1618-1648) is one of the major events in both the European and the Czech history. It affected the whole of Central, Western and South Eastern Europe. The 1 i h century, however, did not see only ragging wars; it also saw the birth of Baroque culture in Bohemia. An essential part of the culture was art and the fine arts especially. In the fine arts the religious and social events of the era found their c1earest reflection. Moreover, fine art, for various groups of people, was a c1ear appeal to change their political opinions, systems of values and religious beliefs. The 1 i h century provided new impetus for the development of newspapers, brochures and leaflets; most of these were published in print. The majority of events which took place in Bohemia or outside of it were thought to have a major impact on history. This was very important for the then media, as it provided them with a reservoir of events to report on. In my thesis, I ex amine one type of printed reports, namely printed single sheets, which have been well preserved in sufficient quantity. Printed single sheets were used to convey emotionally coloured content to influence the warring parties of the Thirty Year' s War according to their author' s aim. In my thesis, I look at history through single sheets, which were mainly...
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