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Joint custody - its assumptions, strengths and potential weaknesses in the light of psychology
Koppová, Kateřina ; Šturma, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with joint custody in relation to its assumptions, strengths and potential weaknesses in the light of psychology. The theoretical part provides insight into the context of the form of contemporary family, with the issue of divorce and its impact on all involved individuals and with different forms of parenting. The legislative grounding of post divorce child care and its possible forms in the Czech legal order is also covered. The psychological assumptions of joint custody of both the parents and the child are emphasized to a great extent. On the basis of these findings are drawn possible strengths and weaknesses of joint custody. Last but not least are presented different approaches to joint custody among a few selected countries. The final part of this thesis is designed as qualitative research project focusing on the evaluation of joint custody from the perspective of individuals who have personal experience with this post-divorce arrangement. Keywords: joint custody, children, divorce, post-divorce arrangement, psychological impacts
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Specific difficulties of adults with dyslexia
Táborová, Zuzana ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
This thesis deals with the difficulties of adults with dyslexia. Not enough attention is being paid to this issue in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part of this thesis characterizes dyslexia and summarizes possible difficulties of adults with dyslexia on the basis of both Czech and foreign information sources. The empirical part of this thesis describes the research, whose main goal is to chart (especially cognitive) difficulties, which are related to common everyday activities. Another area monitored in this thesis is self-efficacy of adults with dyslexia in their everyday life. Data are compared with intact counterparts. The research group consists of 120 respondents, including 60 adults with dyslexia and 60 adults without dyslexia (66 women and 54 men). The intact counterparts were matched with adults with dyslexia based on the same gender, year of birth and highest education received. The whole set of used methods concluded the anamnestic part and three self-evaluation questionnaires - the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire, the Dyslexic difficulties questionnaire (created for the purpose of this thesis) and the General Self-Efficacy scale. The results confirmed higher difficulties of adults with dyslexia. The self-efficacy does not differ, however, it correlates more with difficulties in...
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Psychological Context of Shared Custody
Langrová, Kristýna ; Mertin, Václav (advisor) ; Draberová, Jana (referee)
5 Abstract This bachelor thesis concerns the issue of shared custody as a form of post-divorce arrangement. The overview part comprises a short introduction to issues related to family transformations, divorce rate in the Czech Republic, legal definitions of marriage and divorce, and conditions of both it's formation and dissolution. A separate chapter also regards the consequences of absence of one of the parents during child-rearing. The thesis further encompasses an overview of various types of post-divorce arrangements, their incorporation in Czech legal system and the terminology used in English-written research articles. The very substance of the overview part of this thesis is the shared custody itself as a form of post-divorce arrangement and factors affecting it. In relation to shared custody I mention both it's advantages and disadvantages for everyone involved, shared custody from the children's point of view, characteristics of families going through with shared custody and experiences with it from abroad. Finally, the thesis outlines a draft of a qualitative research project, which aims to examine factors affecting the process of shared custody in Czech families based on interviews with their family members, where shared custody, at least for a limited time, took place. Keywords children,...
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Alternative(Substitutional) family care - development at newly defined legal environment
Palusková, Jana ; Šturma, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
This bachelor's thesis describes the topic of foster care and its development in the newly defined law system. At the beginning it shows the importance of attachement, which is based on the basic needs of the child. It charted the development and types of attachement. The other part focuses on the topic of pathology of attachement. It is briefly defined terms of deprivation and separation. The next section shows forms of treatment processes in cases of deprivation and separation. In cases of deprivation is a given treatment process in the form of adoption and long-term care. It includes a basic definition of these terms and changes resulting from the new modification of the legal definition of this issue. In the section describing the healing process in case of separation is defined the foster care for a temporary period. Here it is pointed to process of attachement, interruption, or its transfer to another, new caregiver. It follows research proposal which can be the basis for subsequent studies. It is a comparison of the formation and sustain of emotional relationship in long-term foster care cases and in cases of foster care for a temporary period. There is an effort to highlight the complexity of the re-formation of attachement and its transferring to a new caregiver. In less ideal cases, the...
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Working memory and dyslexia
Benešová, Zuzana ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
This thesis examines the connections of dyslexia and working memory. The theoretical part of this paper is dedicated to the contemporary concept of dyslexia and working memory, the main focus is on the classical model of working memory by Baddeley who distinguishes 4 basic components: central executive, phonological loop, visuo-spatial sketchpad, and the episodic buffer. The main part of this work is a summary of current research on working memory and its relationship to dyslexia. In the practical part, the author focuses on the design of research and testing levels of working memory functioning in individuals with dyslexia and without difficulty using the WMBT-C method. Keywords: Working memory, dyslexia, phonological loop, central executive, visuo-spatial sketchpad, episodic buffer
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The selected aspects of family influence and the child's success at school
Lucáková, Jana ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
The submitted thesis is focused on the research of multi-factor conditioned fenomenon of school success and the influences which can affect it and are arising from the family surrounding. The knowledges about the school success and also the academic self-efficacy of a pupil are worked out in the theoretical part of the thesis. The next part belongs to the separated areas of the family effects that influence the school success of the pupil - for example : the parents education level, leisure activities of parents and children, helping with the homeworks and the ways of education within the family. The empiric part is represented by the quantitative research, where the relationship among the chosen factors of family effects and the individual elements of school success are verified throughout the research set of pupils attending the primary school (lower secondary education). The relationship between the academic self-efficacy and the school results of the pupil are being identified in here as well. Keywords: the school success, academic self-efficacy, family influences, way of family education
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Parenting styles and siblings group in large families
Suchomelová, Anna ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
The diploma thesis focuses on parenting styles and the sibling group of large families. The theoretical part describes the theoretical base of parenting styles, variables that can influence parenting styles and the specifics of large families. The qualitative approach in the empirical part was used. The study sample consists of nine Czech families with four or five children aged 1.5 to 18 years. Parents are mostly highly educated practicing Catholics. Data were gathered using qualitative and quantitative methods. The outcome of this research is a description of the specifics of family education in large families, possible causes for education differences among children in a family and the characteristics of a sibling group. Family size impacts communication among parents and children in the family, as well as the number of shared activities and the way the household is organized. Causes of differences in education among siblings can be found in the different personality characteristics, age, sibling constellation and the extent of parental experience. The significance of the sibling group is reflected in a compensation for lack of parental attention, an encouragement of younger siblings' development and a cultivation of social skills.
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Current psychological problems of home education
Blechová, Barbora ; Mertin, Václav (advisor) ; Čáp, David (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with psychological aspects of home education. The theoretical part focuses at home education in the context of its actors themselves, a child and a parent. On the side of the child it is mapping topics such as socialization of home educated children, their academic achievement or effectiveness of education at school and home environment. The thesis also outlines psychological problems related to homeschooling parents, especially their motivation for choosing this form of education and often difficult journey that is based on the decision they make. In the empirical part there is a research proposal focusing on issues of social development of home educated children.
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Possible Relationships between School Achievements and Specific Difficulties of Adults with Dyslexia
Táborová, Zuzana ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (referee) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
This thesis deals with the difficulties of adults with dyslexia from the point of view of their school achievements. The theoretical part of this thesis characterizes dyslexia and summarizes possible difficulties of adults with dyslexia on the basis of both Czech and foreign information sources. This part also deals with the school career described in the context of dyslexia. The empirical part of this thesis describes the research, whose main goal is to chart connections between difficulties of adults with dyslexia and their school achievements. Data are compared with intact counterparts. The research group consists of 120 respondents, including 60 adults with dyslexia and 60 adults without dyslexia (66 women and 54 men). The intact counterparts were matched with adults with dyslexia based on the same gender, year of birth and highest education received. The whole set of used methods concluded the anamnestic part, the school questionnaire and three self-evaluation instruments - the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire, the Dyslexic difficulties questionnaire and the General Self-Efficacy scale. Results confirmed the connection between school achievements and the manifestation of dyslexia in adulthood, however only to a limited extent. This is probably caused by the inadequate care for these people...
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Dyslexia and creativity
Brancuská, Hana ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (referee) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
The thesis deals with the so called "positive aspects" of dyslexia, specifically enhanced creativity among dyslexics. It has recently become common to associate dyslexia not only with its symptoms and deficits, but also to emphasize its possible gains. Anecdotal evidence refers to enhanced creativity and more specific abilities of individuals with dyslexia. Based on the results of foreign studies that suggest a connection between dyslexia and increased cre- ativity together with the results of a previous research study covering this topic (Brancuská, 2012), this research study was carried out to map the creative potential of adults (university students or already employed). The research group consisted of 40 adults with dyslexia and 40 intact counterparts aged between 19 to 40 years (thereof 46 women and 34 men). The data were obtained via Torrance Figural Test of Creative Thinking. We then compared the levels obtained within the experimental and the comparison groups in three specific areas - originality, elaboration and provision of non-standard and unusual responses. The procedure aimed to con- firm (or reject) the presumption that dyslexics show significantly higher scores in all three areas. A significant difference between the groups was proven in the area of originality amongst the students...
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