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Physics education with regard to theory of psychological types
Kšírová, Eva ; Kekule, Martina (advisor) ; Chvál, Martin (referee)
For this work, I looked at the distribution of students according to whether they receive information more easily through intuition or through their senses. The theoretical basis for the thesis is the classification according to Šarka Miková's "Theory of Types". This classification is crucial for teachers as it can increase the effectiveness of their teaching and the individual approach to the student. The aim was to identify specific resources in physics teaching that could correspond to different types of students and to use some of these resources to design a diagnostic questionnaire. Based on the interview with the pupils, a qualitative assessment of the validity of the items of this questionnaire was then carried out. Specifically, I identified tasks, questions, methods and forms of teaching that resonate with the particular types. Next, based on a qualitative analysis of the interview with the student, I determined what kind of information intake he might prefer I compared this information with the teacher's opinion. The thesis also includes an assessment of the validity of the questions chosen for the interviews and suggested modifications for future use.
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Physics textbooks in the Czech Republic and Finland
Fejt, Jan ; Kekule, Martina (advisor) ; Mandíková, Dana (referee)
The thesis compares Czech and Finnish physics textbooks on the introductory kinematic topics of position, velocity and distance. The paper compares the apparatus of tasks with which the textbooks are equipped. It mentions the influence of non-terminological meanings of lexemes on their use as terms. The thesis also summarises the development and the present of the Finnish education system and compares the scope of physics teaching in the Czech and the Finnish general education upper secondary school.
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Intuitive ideas of students about force and motion
Čížková, Dita ; Mandíková, Dana (advisor) ; Kekule, Martina (referee)
Within this bachelor theses was performed a survey of ideas about relation of force and motion with students of the Faculty of Mathematics and Physics of Charles University and secondary schools' students. Results of survey based on test with six qualitative problems are shown in tables and are commented. Closely is described a way to processing the results. In addition, the survey results are compared with similar studies performed in previous years in Czechoslovakia and Germany. The survey results show existence of wrong intuitive ideas, which persist despite school education.
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Laboratory works in physics for upper secondary schools
Koutská, Barbora ; Žák, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Kekule, Martina (referee)
This Bachelor thesis is dealing with laboratory classes at secondary schools. Thesis offers ideas for five laboratory classes which were carried out during regular teaching at the secondary school. Besides other things there are work sheets here to be used with given classes and for the teachers there are metodical instructions which have arisen from implementation in classes and from subsequent reflection. Laboratory classes are thematically focused on the field of vibration and interference which run through different fields of physics. The aim of these classes is mainly to develop students' creativity in solving problems, their practical skills during preparation of experiments, also to develop critical attitude to the information and the discussion about mistakes and negligencies which emerged during measuring and working on the computer. As it turned out in research dedicated to motivation in learning physics, laboratory classes prepared in this way - i.e. experiments carried out by students themselves and using computers in processing data - are loved by students and because of that they have a great motivational capacity.
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Students' misconceptions in kinematics graphing
Truliková, Blanka ; Kekule, Martina (advisor) ; Mandíková, Dana (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with students' misconceptions in kinematics graphing. The theoretical part describes the basic characteristics of didactic and conceptual tests. The processes of test developement and standardization are summarised on a specific example of TUG-K test (Test of Understanding Graphs in Kinematics). The new research included a translation of this TUG-K English test and its assignment to the students of Prague high schools and Faculty of Mathematics and Physics of Charles University in Prague; 171 students 16 - 19 years old participated as well as 41 undergraduates. A study of certain test characteristics (item analysis) was performed. Principal statistical methods were used to interpret the obtained data. Results of this new research were compared with the results of J. R. Beichner, who authored the original version of the test used for research. The test has been found to be less sensitive for university undergraduates than for high school students. Comparison of Czech and foreign students has revealed that Czech students achieved higher scores than the foreign ones. Typical misconceptions regarding student's work with graphs were confirmed. Eventually, a critical evaluation of the test was performed and certain alterations for the universityundergraduates test case were proposed.
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Physical items in TIMSS research - analysis of czech pupil`s results
Vogalová, Naděžda ; Mandíková, Dana (advisor) ; Kekule, Martina (referee)
Research of TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study) will be presented in this thesis.There is the total summarized result of czech students in biological items in the period (TIMSS 1995, 1999 and 2007).Deeper analysis of czech pupil`s results in physical items of TIMSS 2007 research will be done in this thesis. Results will be discussed with respect to content and processes categories and type of item. There are introduced averages with also maximum and minimum successful results of czech students and also with the greatest difference amoung the girls and boys and also the greatest difference of the results in comparison to international average. Enclosure is a part of my thesis showing basic characteristics of choosen physical items, total results of czech students, international average and theirs commentary.The assignment, detailed results and instructions for assessment are mentioned for released physical items.
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Interactive Centres in Physics Teaching - Concrete Application
Razímová, Alice ; Drozd, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Kekule, Martina (referee)
The main goal of this bachelor thesis was to create a structured description of experiments installed in the iQpark science centre in Liberec. The target was to choose experiments usable especially on high schools. I described 84 interactive experiments which were categorized in six main topics and 23 subtopics. The description of each experiment is completed by photographs, proposals for discussion with students and an original description for students by iQpark. Short videos were made for selected experiments, too. A new website was made for this survey of experiments. The website is available for free. The database is primarily dedicated to high school physics teachers who plane a trip with students to the iQpark science centre. Reader becomes also familiar with the concept of the science centres and their progress in the Czech Republic.
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Studet`s preconceptions about force and motion
Čížková, Dita ; Mandíková, Dana (advisor) ; Kekule, Martina (referee)
The graduation thesis deals with student`s preconceptions about force and motion. The thesis is divided to three sections. The first division picks up the threads of the bachelor thesis. Within this bachelor thesis there was performed a survey of ideas about relation of force and motion with students of the Faculty of Mathematics and Physics of Charles University and secondary schools' students. Results of survey based on a test with six qualitative problems are shown in tables and are commented. The way of processing of the results is closely described. In addition, the survey results are compared with similar studies performed in previous years in Czechoslovakia, mainly they were compared with results of similar research from the years 1981/82 and 1983/84. The survey results show existence of misconceptions, which persist despite school education. The survey of researches in this area is mentioned in the second division. In the third part of the thesis, I focus on the processing of research which was executed in terms of FCI test with the Faculty of Mathematics and Physics of Charles University first year students. The results are shown in tables and are commented again. The results of this research are compared with available results of similar researches from other countries. The individual...
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Science items in PISA research - analysis of czech pupil`s results
Bašátková, Kateřina ; Mandíková, Dana (advisor) ; Kekule, Martina (referee)
This work is devoted to analysis of findings about czech pupils in scientific tests made by PISA in years 2000, 2003 and 2006. There are basic information about PISA's research at the beginning of this work. Next chapters are about scientific literacy, about the ways of evaluation and presentation of the output and about a structure of questions used in research. This work is mainly focused in scientific questions and it brings particular analyses of both general result of czech pupils and their results in accordance to many aspects of scientific literacy.
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