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Input evaluation of sustainable consumption and production upgrade options
Kodejšová, Tereza ; Plášková, Alena (advisor) ; Růžička, Pavel (referee)
The aim of the thesis is the application of input evaluation methods related to sustainable consumption and production in a selected company. within the thesis This methodology is applied to a specific enterprise and identifies potential for improvement in all its parts, i.e. in the whole system of production and consumption influenced by the enterprise including the incorporation of all economic, environmental and social aspects. The result of this evaluation is a set of proposed measures, the anticipated implementation costs of which are calculated in relation to their realization, payback period and also the effects of these benefits. These measures are recommended to the enterprise for implementation in order for it to achieve savings, increased competitiveness, improved economic performance, strengthen social prestige, and reduce the negative environmental impact and other effects.
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Reaction of household energy demand to improvements in energy efficiency : What about the rebound effect?
Rubínová, Stela ; Mikolášek, Jakub (referee) ; Ščasný, Milan (advisor)
Energy efficiency improvements have become a major hope for decoupling the energy demand from economic growth and for achieving environmental goals. Nevertheless, effectiveness of policies based on promoting energy efficiency may be undermined by behavioral responses. More efficiently produced energy service becomes cheaper and economic theory then suggests that consumers should demand more of it, which will cause a loss of the potential technological saving. The phenomenon is called the rebound effect and it has become a focus of energy economists since early 80s. However, even today there is no clear consensus on its importance. Quantification of the rebound effect is mainly hampered by poor data availability and the comparison of results is not straightforward due to methodological differences. Our thesis concentrates right on the economic theory of the demand for energy services, definitions and methodology of its estimation. It provides a comprehensive overview of what was done in the domain and suggests which methodological approaches correspond the most to the economic theory.
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Vegetation dynamics on fallows
Entová, Martina ; Procházka, Tomáš (referee) ; Fabšičová, Martina (advisor)
The bachelor thesis is concerned with problems of abandoned fields. Fields are very important ecosystem for mankind. Abandonment of agricultural land and formation of fallows happend in last decades. Social and political changes can be the reason of fields abandonment as well as economical changes or changes in ecological conditions. The fallows are good model for secondary succession studies, but they can have many other funcitons in a land. Succession doesn't always proceeded in the same way, it can be affected for example by historical land use, species pool or environmental factors. Permanent plots or space for time substitution can be used for succession research. The rich reserve of seeds in the seed bank is typical for fallows. That can be described by several methods: elutriation, cloth bag, flotation or seedling emergence. Many scientists from the Czech Republic and also from all over the world are interested in fallow research. My MSc. thesis is presented at the end of this bachelor thesis. The comparison of actual vegetation and the soil seed bank of fallows in Podyjí National Park will be the aim of this work. Usage of ploughing as a possible management for creation and preservation of a rich fallow associations will be studied.
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Analysis of Impacts of Contemporaty Society Requierements for a Future Use of Historical Buildings
Urbánková, Jana ; Šulcová, Irena (advisor) ; Kouba, Vojtěch (referee)
The thesis is focused on contemporary society requierements for potential changes of historical buildings in the Prague historical centre. The goal is to analyse a contemporary status of trends and evaluate effects on historical prorperties in the Prague historical centre. The contemporary trends consist of different housing ideas, different work organisation and at least so called green buildings. There are significant consequences in to existing historical buildgs as new developments adapt such trends. For a harmonicous suistainable development it would be needed a compromise between economical, social and environmental interests. If it is not accomplished, the city will not be funcional.
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Economic and ecological issues of public transport in town Banská Bystrica
Pittnerová, Daniela ; Geuss, Erik (advisor) ; Branžovský, Antonín (referee)
The topic of my bachelor thesis is the Economic and ecological issues of public transport in town Banská Bystrica. The first part of my publication describes the objective and methods used within my thesis, and it also shortly introduces the town Banská Bystrica. Further I describe past and present situation of the public transport in the town and problems with trolleybus transportation. In main part I focus on the environment within the town and I show the problems with pollution. I also shortly describe the major pollutants related to transport. Then I look closer on bus and trolleybus transportation and I compare these two vehicles from ecology and environmental view. The next part of thesis is economic advisement of public transportation in the city and comparison of bus and trolleybus transportation from economic angle. In the conclusion of my thesis I try to make the suggestion of convenient system of public transportation for the town Banská Bystrica considering the economic and environmental objectives.
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Health Status of Russian Population and its Determinants
Vágnerová, Zdenka ; Háva, Petr (advisor) ; Kružík, Lubomír (referee)
Process of social and economical transformation after the dissolution of the Soviet Union brought a significant decrease in demographic indicators and deterioration of the health status of Russian population. Among the main problems are: Increasing death rate in all age groups Decreasing life expectancy, low healthy life expectancy High number of infant deaths in comparison with advanced countries. Increasing number of cases of infectious diseases In the first part of this study is given an analysis on health status and demographic indicators of Russian population and their development in the 90's. Statistical data are analyzed in historical prospective and in comparison with indicators for EU and CIS members states. Significant part is also devoted to description of the factors (socialeconomical, health care, healthy life style and environmental), which are believed to have a significant impact on health status on the individual and also national level, according to WHO definition of health and concept of determinants of health. In second part of this study are discussed the main risk factors and hypothesis, which are explaining the deterioration of health of Russian citizens. There are several theories for this dramatic decrease in life expectancy. One sees a connection between the low life...
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Alternative utilising of agricultaral land resourses in light of economic also uneconomic aspects
STANĚK, Jaroslav
The development of countryside and agriculture is seen especially in competitive and multifunctional agriculture with an emphasis on improving environmental quality, which will underpin long-term economic growth and provide sufficient conditions for rural development in services and other activities. The main emphasis of multifunctional agriculture is therefore put on investment in agriculture, including support for young farmers and the processing of agricultural production. One of the urgent problems of contemporary agriculture is the effective exploitation of agricultural land resources, when on the one side the production (economic) function will be filled to the maximum extent as well as environmental and security features on the other hand. The thesis is focused on this issue, on this aspect has been designed and calculated variations of the use of land block naturally in the context of possible scenarios of related landscape.
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Development of progressive polymer anchor material
Žlebek, Tomáš ; Jakubík, Aleš (referee) ; Drochytka, Rostislav (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with development of a new progressive anchor material on the polymer base. Nowadays, it is effort to utilize secondary raw materials in building industry as much as possible both from an environmental aspects in order to save primary energy sources and the reduction of waste and also due to economic reasons. Therefore, there is an effort to utilize high amount of suitable and appropriately treated secondary raw materials into the anchor materials. The main aim of this work is to develop high quality anchor material characterized by excellent ratio between speed and strength growth, high chemical resistance, thermal resistance and particularly minimal shrinkage. This new material is designed especially for anchoring building structures heavy machines steel barriers and other elements.
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Identification of production indicators important for definition of the selection criteria in cattle breeding.
Michaličková, Monika ; Vostrý, Luboš (advisor) ; Stádník, Luděk (referee)
The aim of the study was to apply all available information (for time period 2011 to 2013) about the dual purpose cattle breeds (Simmental and Pinzgauer) to the program package ECOWEIGHT and to suggest selection criteria for Slovak dairy and cow calf production systems. The main advantages of Ph.D. thesis were the calculation of economic weights with comprehensive consideration and updating of the current farming conditions, as well as the calculation of economic weights for new traits i. e. health and residual feed intake traits. For the calculations, the bio-economic model and the most common marketing strategy for given production system were used. The main comparative advantage of Simmental and Pinzgauer breeds, were the milk yield (dairy system) and proportion of sold calves per 100 cows (cow-calf system), respectively. For the both breeds and production systems the longevity of cows was detected as the weakness. The highest proportion in cost and revenues structure for the feeding and main products was observed, respectively. For both breeds and production systems, the profit (regardless of subsidies including) was not reached. For Simmental breed in dairy and cow calf system, the highest economic importance was observed for milk yield (19.9%) and fertility of cows (22.5%), daily gain of calves till weaning (age of 100 days; 16.1%) and weight of calves at 210 days of age (14.3%) and for the longevity of cows (11.4% and 12.4%), respectively. On the other hand, for SP breed the highest relative importance was observed for daily gain till weaning (100 days of age, 20.3%) and weight of calves at 210 days (100 days of age; 20.3%), milk yield (20.2%) and weight at 120 days of age (14.4%) and for longevity of cows (10.1% and 16.8%) in dairy and cow-calf population, respectively. Based on the results of Ph.D. thesis, it could be recommended to reconsider the current breeding objectives, as well as to redefine the selection indices of dual-purpose cattle breeds in Slovakia. The emphasise should be based to growth and functional traits, with the aim to integrate preferences of consumers (environmental criterion and popularity of animal products), as well as to ensure the sustainability of animal production.
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Ethological study of river otter (Lutra lutra) with a focus on enrichment in the Zoo Ohrada v Hluboké nad Vltavou.
JARIABKOVÁ, Markéta
The environmental enrichment helps improve mental and physical condition of animals in captivity. It promotes active behavior and seeks to reduce stereotypical behaviors which often carnivores in captivity tend to it. My work was done in Zoo Ohrada in Hluboká nad Vltavou by two individuals of Eurasian otters ( Lutra lutra). The aim was to determine which element of enrichment appeared to be most interested in otters. Submitted enrichment was 7 - olfactory enrichment, ball for food, fixed ball, adapt burrow, eggs, frozen food and live prey. Enriching elements relating to food (ball for food, eggs, frozen food and live prey) activities increased time spent eating, foraging, play and playful eating. Dietary enrichment had an effect on their social behavior. With olfactory enrichment increased movement on the mainland and sniffing of objects. Fixed ball caused playful behavior. Adapt burrow increased time spent adjust bedding and exploring the burrow.
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