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The Soviet collectivization in the late 20s and in the first half of the 30s of the 20th century and evaluation of the social and economic consequences on Volhynian Czechs
Šťastná, Dora ; Fabianková, Klára (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
The thesis focuses on economic development in the Soviet Union in the late 20s and in the first half of the 30s of the 20th century. An accent is placed mainly on collectivisation of agriculture during the first five-year plan. The theoretical part of the thesis is dedicated to the centrally planned economy, previous economic history of the USSR and Stalin's concept of economic policy. The analytical part of the thesis deals with the process of collectivization and evaluation of the social and economic outcomes and consequences, specifically on the territory of Volhynia, where thousands of Czech citizens emigrated. The hypothesis, that Volhynian Czechs were not directly affected by forced collectivization, was disproved. As a result of collectivization the number of czech population in Volhynia decreased by 30%. The first five-year plan featured a big step towards modernization and self-sufficiency of the country, but in the agricultural sector failed.
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Geopolitical position of Syria in the first half of the 20th century. The process of shaping Syria within its current borders in the context of rivalry between British and French imperialism and mutually conflicting ideologies of local separatism, Arab nationalism pan-Syrianism and pan-Arabism
Přebinda, Petr ; Gombár, Eduard (advisor) ; Mendel, Miloš (referee) ; Sorby, Karol (referee)
This survey deals with the geopolitical position of Syria in the first half of the 20th century and tries to find answers to the question why and how did today's Syria come to its existence. Since this state could be, to some extent, thought to be artificial, and its territory largely deformed, this works focuses on the process of territorial shaping of Syria in its current borders, which took place under rivalry of the British and French imperialism and antagonist ideologies of local separatism, Arab nationalism, pan-Syrianism and pan-Arabism. The time frame of this study is defined by the beginning of the 20th century and the end of the World War II which roughly coincides with the final stage ofthe French mandate over Syria and its admission to the United Nations. The survey consists of se ven chapters copying the time line of the S yrian history in the first half of the 20th century, with the exception of the first chapter, which deals with the definition of Syria and geographical Greater Syria and the delimitation of the contemporary borders in the area. Nex:t chapters are reflecting milestones of the contemporary history of Syria (i.e. the end of the Ottoman rule, the beginning and the end of the Syrian Kingdom of Emir Faisal, the Great Syrian Revolt, the French-Syrian Agreement of 1936 and others)....
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Hydrometeorological droughts in the Czech territory since 1851
Kakos, Vilibald ; Müller, Miloslav
Variously long periods of precipitation deficit were studied. In the 20th century, the most intensive drought period was first half of 30s. Nevertheless, the drought in first half of 60s of the 19th century was even stronger from the viewpoint of precipitation as well as outflow characteristics. Hydrological droughts arise generally later than precipitation deficits as was shown by comparison of both types of droughts.
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French Muses of Jindřich Štyrský
Dvořák, Michal ; Listíková, Renáta (advisor) ; Ébert-Zeminová, Catherine (referee)
Jindřich Štýrský est né le 11 aot 1899 dans le village appelé Černá en Bohme de l'est ; ses parents y avaient une grande propriété. Štýrský avait une relation difficile avec ses parents. Son pre, enseignant atteint d'alcoolisme chronique, était assez exigeant et obligeait son fils de devenir l'enseignant. Sa mre était trs croyante et l'a peu materné. Sa soeur aînée du premier mariage de sa mre s'appelait Marie et Štýrský enfant était amoureux d'elle. Cette relation platonique a fortement marqué Štýrský et elle a évoqué chez lui de premires fantaisies érotiques. Les témoignages décrivent Štýrský comme un jeune homme élégant et bien élevé. Il était connu comme un séducteur des femmes. Il détestait ses études d'enseignant et il préférait la peinture et la littérature. Parmi ses auteurs aimés se trouvaient les écrivains français. La mort de sa mre lui a libéré et aprs ses études, un an de service mititaire et deux ans de la profession du maître, il a quitté la campagne et s'est installé Prague. Malgré l'opposition de son pre il y a fréquenté l'Académie d'art plastique et il rencontrait des artistes connus. A cause de sa personnalité compliquée il a bientôt abandonné ses études l'Académie et grâce aux moyens obtenus de la succession de sa mre il a décidé voyager. Štýrský a voulu aller en Polynésie mais il s'est...
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Anti-Plague texts in the late Middle Ages and the Early modern period.
PAMPUSCHOVÁ, Marie
The theme of this work are late medieval and early modern time anti-plague treatises and official regulations against plague. In times when many countries and even continents were affected by plague, many city councils and rulers themself had the treatises printed in order to reduce the risk of transmission of the infection and development of the illness. The treatises adjusted regulations of towns and villages. These official decrees against plague were supplemented with plague treatises that were written for inhabitants of towns affected by black death. Many of them were written in Latin and therefore incomprehensible to uneducated people. It changed when a doctor Jan Černý wrote such a treatise in Czech language. The treatises advised not only how to prevent plague but also how to treat it. I divided my work into two parts. In the first part I describe particular plague epidemics that took place especially in Bohemia and Moravia. I progressed chronologically from antiquity to the 18th century and described whole course of epidemics in various regions. In the second part I focused mainly on different ways how these treatises deal with prevention and treatment of the disease. I made a comparison of various plague treatises from Prague, České Budějovice and Nepomuk. In order to gather data and informations I focused on historical sources and literature that give us informations from people who had first-hand experience of plague. I do the overall comparison and critique of these sources in seperate chapter. I believe this work can work as an educational material for students and teacher
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Comparison of European and Asian approach to Africa
Perničková, Adéla ; Štěrbová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Zamykalová, Miroslava (referee)
In my diploma thesis I compare European and Asian approach to African continent. In the first chapter natural resources and strategic position of Africa is described. I deal with traditional business relationships with African partner, political relation, their agriculture production and tourism in Africa. In this chapter I apply Leamer's triangle, Dutch disease and terms of trade on relationship between African countries and their business partners. Second chapter analyzes factors which influence interests for cooperation between European and African countries. In the second half of this chapter I try to show how Africa sees European and Asian countries. I deal mainly with relationship between European and African integration, using the theory of the effects of economic blocs. In the last chapter I compare the approach of the European Union and Asian countries to Africa.
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School Education in Germany
Ježková, Věra ; Walterová, Eliška (advisor) ; Rýdl, Karel (referee) ; Kopp, Botho (referee)
It is the aim of the doctoral thesis to bring new current issue to Czech comparative educational science while using a non-traditional methodological approach and to provide incentives for Czech educational policy. The thesis consists of two main parts: theoretical and methodological part, and research part. In the theoretical and methodological part the aim of the research and research problem are first defined, existing knowledge concerning the topic of thesis are then briefly evaluated, and the the theoretical and methodological bases of the research are presented. The most comprehensive chapter of this part views the presented research from the perspective of the theory on educational research. In the final chapter, the actual execution of the research is briefly described. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Macroeconomic Impacts of the Selected Oil Shocks in the United States of America
Šikulová, Markéta ; Johnson, Zdenka (advisor) ; Tajovský, Ladislav (referee)
The aim of this study is to analyze macroeconomic impacts of four selected oil shocks on the United States economy and their subsequent comparison. The first part of this study deals with the theoretical background of supply shock, its influence on the economy, and the possible responses of economic policy. Furthermore, in the first part I focus on the historical events that led to the oil crisis, specifically on the OPEC oil embargo imposed on the United States, production cuts caused by the Iranian revolution, Iran-Iraq War and Persian Gulf War and on the demand as well as the supply factors that led to the oil shock of 2007-2008. The second part of this study presents the specific impacts of four selected oil shocks on the US economy and their comparison. Based on the findings, it was possible to confirm the hypothesis saying that past oil shocks, especially those that took place in the 1970's, had more negative impacts on the United States economy in comparison with those that happened more recently. In other words, that the effects of changes in oil prices have lessened over time. There are many reasons of this moderation, but the most important ones include more effective monetary policy response, the decrease in wage rigidities, and more recently also the decline of United States dependency on imported oil.
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Leo Spitzer: stylistic studies from Romance literatures
Pelán, Jiří ; Housková, Anna (advisor) ; Flemrová, Alice (referee) ; Pechar, Jiří (referee)
Leo Spitzer (1887-1960) je jednou z nejoriginálnějších osobností jazykovědy a literární vědy první poloviny dvacátého století. Patřil ke generaci romanistů, která dostala solidní základy od svých učitelů, reprezentantů pozitivistické filologie - naučila se od nich především mikroskopii filologické analýzy -, ale která se proti svým učitelům také začala bouřit, neboť nahlížet vědu jako bezchybnou skládanku pozitivních faktů, majících zajistit rekonstrukci starších fází jazykového či literárního vývoje, se jí začalo jevit jako příliš samoúčelné. V pozitivistické koncepci byl jazyk vnímán - v romantické tradici - jako kolektivní a anonymní produkt a vše, čím se mohla projevit individualita mluvčího, bylo taxováno jako výjimka a abnormita. Měla-li však být filologie obdařena novým smyslem a vyvedena za hranice naturalisticky chápaných vývojových zákonitostí, musela vzít na vědomí, že jazyk a literatura jakožto lidské výtvory nemluví pouze tautologicky o sobě, ale hovoří především o člověku. Jako smysluplná se začala rýsovat taková věda, která dokáže postoupit od mikroskopie k makroskopii a která svými metodami dosáhne na antropologický horizont: za slovem zahlédne individuum a jeho osobní styl, za osobním stylem dobovou stylovou tendenci a za ní popřípadě psychologické či imaginativní komplexy stanovitelné v...
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