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Kinematic Changes in Various Types of Softball Pitching Motion
Bernardová, Milena ; Süss, Vladimír (advisor) ; Šeflová, Iva (referee)
Název práce: Kinematické změny ve způsobech provedení softballového nadhozu Cíle práce: Zjistit a popsat změny mezi různými způsoby provedení softballového nadhozu. Metoda: Pro zkoumání změn byla zvolena nadhazovačka 25 let stará, členka reprezentačního družstva žen v softballu. Pro deskripci softbalového nadhozu byla použita metoda prostorové 3D analýzy. Výsledky: Ukazují rozdíly mezi jednotlivými způsoby provedení softballového nadhozu u sledované nadhazovačky a umožňují porovnání s ostatními studiemi. Klíčová slova: softball, nadhoz, kinematická analýza, kinematické proměnné, prostorová 3D analýza 2
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Development of application for simulation of physicals effects for the area of mechanics
Libiš, Zdeněk ; Káňa, Ladislav (referee) ; Holcman, Vladimír (advisor)
The object of this project is to create complex educational software for studying computer practise in physics at FEEC VUT in Brno. This thesis deals with creating of simulative applications for five phenomenons: free fall, vertical throw upwards, horizontal throw, oblique throw, harmonic motion. These simulations were created in the program called Builder 6, in the language C++. Graphic format of the programs is similar. In the simulations is possible to insert basic input quantities for every phenomenon, for which is pictured the chart, which characterizes the phenomenon. In the thesis are described input quantities for every simulation and pictured charts. For this phenomenon are described physics theories as well. In the next step was created interface for the choice of a phenomenon and for starting relevant programs. It is possible to fill next phenomenon in this interface thanks to the editable file. In the thesis is described the purport of physics in the contemporary World as well as the meaning of the modelling of physical phenomenon.
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The general motional efficiency of the pupils from 12 till 15 of age
Kramoliš, Štěpán ; Vindušková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kaplan, Aleš (referee)
Topic: The general motional efficiency of the pupils at the second degree of basic school with athletic specialization and without specialization The aim: The aim was to find out the efficiency difference between the pupils (girls) with athletic specialization and the pupils without athletic specialization at the second degree of basic school. Method: Girls were divided into two groups according to their specialization. We compared the results of the pupils reached in the general tests : the run (30m) with the flying start, standing jump, the throw of the medicine-ball with both hands, sit-ups and a 12- minutelong run. Results: We found out that the average efficiency of girls with specialization is bigger than of girls without specialization. The efficiency level of ordinary people and in specialized classes is lower in comparison with previous years. We found out the variance in the average efficiency of the girls with athletic specialization and without specialization. Key words: young people, sport, sport preparation, efficiency
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Numerical Simulations of Dynamic Loads in Wheel-Rail Contact with Shape Irregularities
Jandora, Radek ; Malenovský, Eduard (referee) ; Schmidová, Eva (referee) ; Janíček, Přemysl (advisor)
During life of railway vehicles, shape irregularities develop on wheels and rails because of wear. The shape irregularities then affect forces in wheel-rail contact and cause further damage of contact surfaces, vibrations and noise and increase risk of derailment. A numerical simulation of railway vehicle motion with more details on contact surfaces geometry was created to investigate dynamic contact loads in wheel-rail contact. A variety of methods can be used to evaluate forces in rolling contact, the method chosen for this study was algorithm CONTACT based on boundary element method. Four studies are presented in this papers: contact loads from a wheel with a flat and with a wavy tread pattern, loads on wavy rail and load in a curve. The first three studies investigated effects of existing wear patterns, the last one looked for cause of common wear pattern developing on rails. Results of the studies with worn components used showed that the worst kind of shape irregularities is a flat present on wheel. This type of shape cause loss of contact and following impacts. The study of ride in curve showed that cause of high wear in curves, especially those with small radii, is caused by vibration of wheelset. This vibration is then caused by different length of inner and outer rail and wheels travelling along a different path.
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Evaluation of the throwing motion in softball using surface electromyography and 2D and 3D kinematics analysis
Pravečková, Petra ; Süss, Vladimír (advisor) ; Bunc, Václav (referee) ; Janura, Miroslav (referee)
Headline: Evaluation of the throwing motion in softball using surface electromyography and 2D and 3D kinematics analysis Aim of the Thesis: To point out differences in the internal structure of various overhead throws (throwing motion in softball and in track & field (javelin), two-hand overhead throwing of a medicine ball). To describe these differences using surface electromyography and to find the cause thereof based on 2D and 3D kinematics analysis. Methods: Surface EMG measurement in combination with 2D and 3D kinematics analysis (using synchronized video recordings). Results: The results indicate differences amongst the mechanics of the throwing motion in individual disciplines. The relative timing of two various throwing motions is different from the viewpoint of an intra-individual comparison, except for the "normal throwing motion" and javelin throw from the spot, which have the same relative timing. The relative timing is different for other various throwing motions. With the use of 2D and 3D kinematics analysis, it is possible to find the causes of the differences in the internal structure of the measured throwing motions. From an intra-individual viewpoint, the relative timing of a single type of throwing motion does not change within the group of overhead throwingmotions. Key words:...
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Numerical Simulations of Dynamic Loads in Wheel-Rail Contact with Shape Irregularities
Jandora, Radek ; Janíček, Přemysl (advisor)
During life of railway vehicles, shape irregularities develop on wheels and rails because of wear. The shape irregularities then affect forces in wheel-rail contact and cause further damage of contact surfaces, vibrations and noise and increase risk of derailment. A numerical simulation of railway vehicle motion with more details on contact surfaces geometry was created to investigate dynamic contact loads in wheel-rail contact. A variety of methods can be used to evaluate forces in rolling contact, the method chosen for this study was algorithm CONTACT based on boundary element method. Four studies are presented in this papers: contact loads from a wheel with a flat and with a wavy tread pattern, loads on wavy rail and load in a curve. The first three studies investigated effects of existing wear patterns, the last one looked for cause of common wear pattern developing on rails. Results of the studies with worn components used showed that the worst kind of shape irregularities is a flat present on wheel. This type of shape cause loss of contact and following impacts. The study of ride in curve showed that cause of high wear in curves, especially those with small radii, is caused by vibration of wheelset. This vibration is then caused by different length of inner and outer rail and wheels travelling along a different path.
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Children's motor skills in track and field (children 6 - 9 year)
Javůrková, Jana ; Kaplan, Aleš (advisor) ; Červinka, Pavel (referee)
Titule: Children's motor skills in track and field (children 6-9 years) Student: Jana Javůrková Supervisor: PhDr. Aleš Kaplan, Ph.D. Aims: One of the objectives of this work was the determination of the physical readiness and motion level of primary school children with the aid of five purposely selected motor tests. The research was conducted among the group of children of athletic prep. The results were compared with tabulated values in literature. Simultaneously was monitored the relationship between performances and measured body weight and hight of monitored children. Using the questionnaire were recorded the attitudes of children to sport, to other physical activities and last but not least, athletic disciplines from the point of view of popularity. Methodology: For the purpose of this thesis was evaluated a total of n = 28 children of primary school age, which were divided into two groups according to age, 6-7 years old (year of birth 2006-2005) and 8-9 years (year of birth 2004-2003). Comparison method was used in five motor tests (jump from the place, throwing the medicine ball over the head, shuttle run the 4 × 10 m, throwing a tennis ball and the depth of standing forward bend) with tabular values in the literature. There was also measured body weight and height and compared with...
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Non-traditional Sporting Games in Extra-curricular Activities for Younger School-Age Children
Štěpánková, Hana ; Pokorný, Ladislav (advisor) ; Kuhnová, Věra (referee)
The title of my thesis is "Extraordinary sports within out-of school activities of younger pupilage children This diploma thesis introduces a historical evolution and rules of extraordinary sports like ricochet, squash, floorball, frisbee ultimate, double disc court, baseball, softball, tee ball, korfball, ringo. My thesis is focused on tee ball in detail. In terms of this sport a methodical model of training for pupils of the 4th and the 5th classes in ten training units is formed. Pupils were tested at checking of this methodical model in practise. Methodical model of training contains elaboration of a warm-up with different apparatus and body-builders and different motion plays. Since extraordinary sports in Prague 9 are concerned, two questionnaires have been drawn up - one for physical education teachers of the first grade or for supervisors of out-of school activities focused on extraordinary sports for younger pupilage children, and the second questionnaire for children of the 4th and the 5th classes of the basic school. Testing pupils and regarding results of the questionnaires I can say floorball and ringo are extraordinary sports being played most. Schools dispose of sufficient space conditions for playing of extraordinary sports. Particular schools are best equipped for floorball and ringo...
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Selected Measurements of the Motion of Bicycles - Travelling Around Bends, Transverse Movement
Křenek, Jan ; Krejsa, Ivan (referee) ; Semela, Marek (advisor)
Diploma work named Selected measurements of motion of bicycles starts with history and development of bicycle. There are components of bicycles described and analysis accidents with cyclist. There is a goal organise and realize measurement of ride in the curve and tranverse movement. The outputs are going to be use by experts in sphere of transport accident analysis. There will be exists data analysis then starts maeasurement. After then compile sources from measurement – break testing, ride in the curve testing and tranverse movement on the most frequently road surfaces with part of enaugh cyclist and bycicles. The end of work is already existing data with hold of measurement data comparison.
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Selected Measurements of the Motion of Bicycles - Braking and Travelling Around Bends
Prčík, Stanislav ; Krejsa, Ivan (referee) ; Semela, Marek (advisor)
Diploma thesis Selected measurements of the motion of bicycles – braking and ridein the curve analyses problematic manoeuvres of bicycle riders according to the most typical accidents including bikes. There will be given statistics of bikers´ participation on accident amount that happened within last few years. The measurements of bicycles moving around bands of specific radiuses as a situation of most bicycle accidents will be described in the next part of this thesis. There will be also specified the values of average bicycle speeds when driving in curves with various radiuses according to types of bicycles, sex and experiences of the riders and will be an output of this thesis. Further on there will be measurements of braking in the direct line on various surfaces with different types of bikes and different brakes used.
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