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Quality of life of patients with Crohn´s disease
RENDL, Lukáš
Theoretical foundation Crohn's disease is a chronical autoimmune disease categorized, together with ulcerative colitis, in the group of idiopatic intestinal inflammations. But in spite of this categorization, Crohn's disease may not be found only in the intestines but anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract. However, the intestinal localization is most frequent and is related with numerous manifestations like stomachake, diarrhoea, bloating, flatulence, belching, loss of weight, etc. The pathogenetic cause of those discomforts consists in disorder of autoimmunity, when the body starts producing antibodies against its own tissues. But the cause of start of that pathogenetic mechanism has not been clarified so far. Experts speak about influence of infections, food, psychosomatics, smoking, genetic perceptiveness, etc. The hope of the patients is pinned on the continuously improving treatment, culminating by biological preparations that have most influenced the health condition of those persons so far. But in spite of the modern therapy, all characteristics of the disease can have negative impact on the quality of life of the patients. Goal of the thesis The goal of this thesis consists in ascertaining the quality of life of Crohn's disease patients. Hypotheses H1: Crohn's disease patients have problems in physical area. H2: Crohn's disease patients have problems in psychic area. H3: Crohn's disease patients have problems in social area. Methodology The practical part of the thesis was implemented based on quantitative inquiry within the grant Project No. 120/2012/S ?Reflection of life quality in nursing?. Two standardized questionnaires were used for the inquiry: the WHOQOL-100 general questionnaire and the IBDQ specific questionnaire, distributed among Crohn's disease patients. Valid licence was bought for both questionnaires. The size of the research set was determined at 100 Crohn's disease patients, the Crohn's disease diagnosis being the only criterion for selection of the respondents. The distribution of the questionnaires among the respondents took place with the help of gastroenterological centres. Results All data obtained were statistically processed in the SASD (Statistical Analysis of Social Data) program. The results of the processing can be divided into three areas, by the three main hypotheses verified. The first area of results provided information on the problems confronted by Crohn's disease patients in physical area. Only one problem was confirmed here: the Crohn's disease patients feel fatigue. All the remaining problems under verification in this area were refused. The second area brought information on psychical problems of the patients. Similarly to the preceding case, only one problem troubling the Crohn's disease patients was found here: feeling of irritation. The occurrence of the remaining psychical problems under verification was not confirmed. The last area of results found out the problems of the patients in social area. The results were the most positive in this case, as none of the problems under verification in this area was confirmed. Based on all results stated above, the hypotheses were evaluated as follows: H1 Crohn's disease patients have problems in physical area - refused; H2 Crohn's disease patients have problems in psychic area - refused and H3 Crohn's disease patients have problems in social area - refused. Conclusion The thesis provides comprehensive view on the issue of quality of life of Crohn's disease patients. The results may be used particularly in the work of so called IBD nurses, endoscopic nurses, but also general nurses working with the patients. The thesis can be also used as study material or as foundation for further research.
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The influence of media to the public administration
Foglová, Leona ; Louda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Matula, Miloš (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with influence of media to public opinion. The main goal of this thesis is to verify or to disprove the hypothesis of the influence of media to the public administration. The quantitative sociological research is applied for finding results of defined hypothesis. The hypothesis says: media influence public opinion and public administration. The other goal of this thesis is to discovery if factors like gender, age or educational background influence how society perceives impact of media. The questionnaire is divided into five age categories and each of them has a different number of respondents. For that reason we can not compare the results but only speculate. After evaluation and analysis of the survey is the hypothesis accepted and these factors are commented.
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Time management
Hanus, Filip ; Franková, Emilie (advisor) ; Motlová, Veronika (referee)
It is of great necessity to know how to manage time. The theoretical part of this thesis is concerned with the definition of time management, its origin and evolution. It covers the basic rules of efficient time management and the principles of efficient work organization. It describes the usage of goals and their setting, circadian rhythms and their influence on our productivity and the most common factors that steal our time. Based on the analysis of time frames and half-structured interviews, the empirical part follows the lives of six university students for two weeks. Our goal is to find out how the respondents use their time, what is their knowledge of time management and also to cover the difference between students living in a room alone and students sharing a room with one or multiple roommates.
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Pre-Marital Agreement as a means of protection of marital property and business
Vávrová, Eliška ; Hejda, Jan (advisor) ; Kaczor, Pavel (referee)
This thesis deals with the possibilities of adjustment of marital property in the form of concluding marriage contract as a way to protect assets in case of divorce or business of one of the spouse. The aim of the work is to identify shortcomings in the current leg-islation. Based on these shortcomings suggest solution to improve the current state. According to this suggestion compile a model of marriage contract. The draft of rec-ommendation is compiled with the help of comparison with the Austrian statutory of matrimonial property relations and through questionnaire survey among students of University of Economics who have experiences with the adjustment of community property.
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Differences between men and women in the Czech labour market
Stroukal, Dominik ; Kadeřábková, Božena (advisor) ; Pavelka, Tomáš (referee) ; Němec, Otakar (referee)
This thesis consists of five articles that apply current world research on labor economics at the Czech Republic and confirms the significant differences between men and women in this market. It shows that gender has a significant influence on the preference on the labor market and, consequently, on employment and health. First, the thesis shows that preferences are relevant determinant of career and then we study the difference in preference of salary for men and women. Subsequently it shows that gender plays a significant role in explaining the relationship between homeownership, and unemployment, as well as unemployment and health. The first chapter was able to demonstrate that the preference for a career has a positive influence on the choice of career. The influence of higher education on prioritizing career proved to be positive and significant. Probability of a career choice is reduced by the presence of children, however, is not dependent on their number, which is contrary to the theory of preferences. The second chapter shows that Czech women prefer more non-monetary rewards than men. It has also been shown that people with university education are same in the preferences of non-monetary rewards regardless of the gender of the respondents, however, compared to the world's research, the Czech higher education increases this preference. It turned out that women prefer risk less than men. The third chapter demonstrates that although the housing market undermines labor mobility and employment in the Czech Republic at the regional level, therefore, that in regions with a higher rate of home ownership is higher unemployment, at the individual level, the owners of housing are unemployed are less likely. The estimates are significantly different for men and women. Men living in owner-occupied housing have a higher likelihood of employment than women. At regional level, however, this thesis shows that the high rate of home ownership increases unemployment for both men and women, in the long run only to women. The fourth chapter showed that men transition to homeownership reduces the likelihood of unemployment next year. For women, this relationship has proved to be insignificant. In addition, as insignificant showed the opposite relationship, the transition from unemployment to the newly acquired home ownership. The last chapter shows that the change in the working status to unemployment will increase in the future probability of worse health. Influence in less than two years, however, proved to be significant. An important conclusion is that men have a significantly stronger relationship between health and unemployment than women.
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Multicriteria games
Tichá, Michaela ; Dlouhý, Martin (advisor) ; Lachout, Petr (referee) ; Čičková, Zuzana (referee)
Theory of multicriteria games is a special field of game theory, when one or more players have at least two payoff functions and want to maximize simultaneously. The work introduces a number of new findings. It examined the concept of finding equilibria in pure strategies in noncooperative multicriteria game. It is possible to find all the equilibria in pure strategies by full search and solving two linear programs for each point. Furthermore, two linear programs are formulated for verifying that a selected point is the equilibrium of the game or not. In the noncooperative games is also introduced the concept that with knowledge of the equilibrium of bimatrix game determines preferences of the players. Although finding the equilibrium point of the bimatrix game is nonlinear problem, finding the preferences is linear problem. The latest findings in the noncooperative games is a generalization of the concept that solves multicriteria game by assigning weights to each criterion of each player. The work demonstrates that it may not be necessarily linear weights, but it can be more general function that describes the player's preference. The remaining part is devoted to knowledge in cooperative games. There is considered that the players know their preferences and are able to express them by weights. The game with known preferences is defined and solved with the use of bargaining theory. Then it is generalized to a case where players have more payoff functions, from which they can choose. Finally, the multicriteria case of voting game is defined. It is designed completely new concept, which selects the winning coalition in the voting game. This concept is then applied to the real situation after the elections to the Chamber of Deputies in 2013.
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Collaboration nurse and family members of patiens with brain injury
LIŠKOVÁ, Sandra
The bachelor thesis deals with the cooperation of nurses and family members of patients with brain injuries. Brain damage is among the most serious injuries a person can have. Brain injuries are the second highest cause of death after abdominal trauma. People often confuse the term head injury with brain injuries. The lasting consequences of these injuries are very severe and often fatal. The skin on the scalp can indeed bleed, but we can only talk about brain injury if there is any actual damage or suppression of the brain issue, which can have many causes.The theoretical part describes the most common injuries of the brain; changes in behavior and fatic disorder in a patient with a brain injury, nursing care of patients with brain injury, communication between the nurse, the patient and his family, and also notes the importance of the nurse patient relationship and the significance of the patient's family. In the theoretical part, we have tried to give comprehensive and understandable information about the cooperation of nurses and family members of patients with brain injuries.For the empirical part of this thesis, a qualitative investigation was chosen. We used the method of data collection in the form of semi-structured interview . The survey was carried out in February 2014. Interviews with correspondents were videotaped and subsequently transcribed and processed by categorization of data. For the process the main category and subcategories were established which are, for clarity, shown in the diagrams . The interviews with correspondents were running at the University Hospital in Motol. After the approval of the matron the research investigation was initiated . Correspondents were asked prepared questions , depending on how the conversation developed, supplementary questions were considered. Interviews with nurses and family members were done separately because of the possible influence the nurses could have upon the family members. All interviews with the nurses and the family members were conducted at the University Hospital in Motol. The duration of the interview was approximately 45 minutes. At the beginning of the meeting with the correspondent, the basis of the interview was outlined and the reason for the interview was explained. None of the corcorrespondents minded the interview being recorded. Each interview was obtained with oral consent and explanation of anonymity.During the processing of the interviews, the method of open coding was used. Each sister and family was assigned a number. Then the answers of the nurses and the family members were numbered in the interviews. The rows have been numbered due to the possibility of referring to them. This method is called "paper and pencil" because of a synoptical process. For example, a nurse said line 3 and it is displayed as N1/3. A total of one main category and seven subcategories were established in both groups of corcorrespondents . The created categories and subcategories can be seen in the diagram one and four. The individual subcategories were depicted in the empirical investigation with the addition of interviews and quotes. The interviews were recorded on a CD, which is part of the thesis.The research sample consisted of two groups. The first group of correspondents consisted of nine nurses aged 24-50 years. Six nurses of all the interviewed completed tertiary education, two correspondents studied at a college and one respondent reached secondary education. Four correspondents were from the Neurosurgical Department, two correspondents from the Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (ARO) and three correspondents from the Department of Chronic Resuscitation and Intensive Care (OCHRIP). The second group of the researched sample were relatives. The second group of the study sample was made up of four relatives, in varying relation to the patient, the families were in the age range from 30 years to 68 years.
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Růst Mycobacterium smegmatis na agarovém médiu a agarovém médiu pokrytém celofánovou folií - morfologická a proteomová studie
Ramaniuk, Volha ; Weiser, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Beranová, Jana (referee)
Biofilm formation is one of the most common bacterial survival strategies. Majority of bacterial species are able to form these three-dimensional structures, including pathogens like Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Representatives of Mycobacterium genus widely occur in the nature, although they can cause serious problems when they appear in medical equipment and artificial replacements of the human body. Non-pathogenic Mycobacterium smegmatis mc2 155 was used as a model organism in our experiments. We investigated morphology of the three- and six-day-old colonies (in fact biofilms) on agar and agar covered with cellophane using Stereo microscope and Scanning Electron Microscope. We found that a type of surface as well as a carbon source has a great influence on the morphology of the M. smegmatis colonies. We isolated proteomes from the agar and cellophane cultures and from planktonic culture. Two-dimensional electrophoresis was used as the main proteomic method. Proteomic data were analyzed using PDQuest software. Then the sets of proteins detected by qualitative and quantitative analyses were compared using Venn diagrams. As a result, we recognized 7 unique proteins that might be specific for recognition and adhesion of bacteria to the cellophane, no unique protein in agar proteome and 46 unique...
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Usage of unstructured data in Business Intelligence
Rakhmanova, Malika ; Šperková, Lucie (advisor) ; Karkošková, Soňa (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to identify the main trends that are occurring in the market of Business Intelligence and related to unstructured data, to describe the possibilities for integrating unstructured data, to clarify what the impact on the company have the results that can be obtained using these solutions and how generally incorporate an analysis of unstructured data into BI. Another aim is to show the current situation of processing unstructured data on the example of BI system. The thesis is divided into several parts. First part is describing of the Business Intelligence area and the basic components of Business Intelligence, as well as identifying market trends. Then, there is the next part: separating the data into structured and unstructured. Here is the part about how you can access and analyse unstructured data and what is their place in BI systems. This is the end of a block of unstructured data and the beginning of a description of the enhanced version of BI. Finally, the current market situation and BI tools, which include unstructured data, are introduced. This section provides an overview of how BI tools approach to analyse unstructured data. Existed literature, professional and freely available Internet resources are used for writing the work. The purpose is to serve as a source of information for quickly orienting in the current situation, to serve as a guide to the world of BI solutions and to show potential users what are the options and functionality of these BI solutions.
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Analysis of the Motivation and Satisfaction of Employees in a firm
Gonta, Natalya ; Dvořáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Odvárková, Markéta (referee)
The aim of this study is to analyze the motivation and satisfaction of employees at British American Tobacco Ltd. The bachelor thesis consists of two parts - theoretical and practical. The first part describes the concepts and sources of motivation, which affect the performance of employees in the company. The second part describes the aim of the research, its progress and evaluation results in respect of which was carried out to analyze the way of motivation and satisfaction of employees in the company. For the following analysis methods were used questionnaire and a personal unstructured interview. The result of the thesis is mentioned proposal for improving the motivation of employees, which has potential and could be implemented in the company.
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