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Addiction in people with the spinal cord lesions Questionnaire survey
Egemová, Olga ; Svěcená, Kateřina (advisor) ; Kulhánek, Adam (referee)
Background: In Czech Republic, the use of addictive substances in the general population is regularly evaluated. In people with spinal cord lesions, the issue of substance abuse is not sufficiently mapped. Difficulty to get feedback can also play a role in this regard. There are many factors for possible risky behavior in people with spinal cord lesions. In Czech Republic, there are several aftercare facilities that comprehensively address clients with spinal cord lesions. In these facilities, obtaining feedback from this specific group of clients would help get better target interventions and set up other specific services for the monitored subpopulation. Objectives: The main goal of the research was to map the issue of dependence on legal and illegal addictive substances in a group of people with spinal cord injuries after injury or illness. A secondary goal was the feedback from the Centre's clients on whether and how they would use addictology counseling. Methods: Data for quantitative research were obtained by voluntary questionnaire survey. Questionnaires were gradually obtained from the centre's clients in person between the three waves of the covid epidemic between 2020 and 2021. The research sample consisted of a total of 106 respondents aged between 18 to 77 years. Anonymous...
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The role of the nurse in providing multidisciplinary care in spinal units
HARAZINOVÁ, Lucie
The aim of this master's thesis is to map the role of the nurse in the spinal unit, describe the collaboration of multidisciplinary team members in the spinal unit and describe the needs of the hospitalized patients. To meet these objectives, a total of five following research questions were set: "What is the role of the nurse in the care of patients in the spinal unit?", "What are the specifics of nursing care of patients in the spinal unit?", "What is the composition of the multidisciplinary team in the spinal unit?", "How does the cooperation between these workers take place?" and "What are the needs of patients hospitalized in the spinal unit?". The theoretical part of the thesis is designed to provide the reader with a comprehensive overview of the issue of spinal cord injury. At the very beginning, it defines the basic anatomical and physiological conditions of the nervous system, spine and spinal cord. Injury of these structures is the subject of other chapters, which discuss the causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment options in more detail. It also describes the development of spinal units in the Czech Republic and abroad. It defines a multidisciplinary team, whose work is an integral part of the care of a patient with a spinal cord injury. The nursing care chapter is devoted to areas that require a specific approach by nurses in patients with spinal cord injury. A qualitative research study was chosen for the empirical part of the thesis. Data collection took place using a semi-structured interview with thirteen nurses from selected spinal units. After finding out their personal information, they were asked a total of twenty-nine questions focused on the functioning of the spinal unit, characteristics of provided multidisciplinary care and the nurses' experience of the patients' condition and needs. The obtained information was subsequently transcribed and processed with the open coding method and colouring text. For easier orientation in the results of the interviews, four categories and seventeen subcategories were created, which clearly present the answers to the above research questions. It was found that the informants perceive their role in the spinal unit mainly as a nurse-caregiver. The cooperation of the multidisciplinary team is conditioned by various forms of verbal and non-verbal information exchange, for example during ward rounds, by change-of-shift handoff, operational meetings or information boards. Most of the nurses rate this cooperation as effective and mostly problem-free. The results also show that the needs of patients are closely related to mobility restrictions and long-term hospitalization. Most often, these are physiological needs and the need for contact with the society. This master's thesis points out the importance of a multidisciplinary and sensitive approach to patients with a spinal cord injury, who experience many worries and tense moments in their return to everyday life. The results may serve as educational material not just for students of healthcare professions, but also for the medical staff themselves. An output of the thesis is a manual for new nurses on spinal units, which aims to make them easier to integrate and prepare for the significant specifics about the nursing care for patients with spinal cord injury.
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Evaluation of wheelchair adjustments and their impact on proper propulsion pattern upper extremities and sitting posture in patients with spinal cord lesions
Dáňová, Petra ; Pfeiffer, Jan (advisor) ; Neuwirthová, Svatava (referee)
Title: Evaluation of wheelchair adjustments and their impact on proper propulsion pattern upper extremities and sitting posture in patients with spinal cord lesions. Objectives: The objective of this work was to evaluate the adjustments of wheelchair and to determine their impact on the work of the upper limbs and posture while sitting. This work was done on a group of patients with spinal lesions with their own wheelchairs. Another objective was to assess how education of proper propulsion pattern and form and type of a grip of handrim affects the correct propulsion pattern. Methods: In the group of 26 patients with spinal cord injuries in different levels of the spinal cord, I tested the adjusments of wheelchair, in particular the centre of gravity and maximum seat height from the ground. I also investigated what education on correct propulsion pattern the patients received, and observed any home-made adjustments to handrim, as well as patients' techniques of handrim grip. Finally, I examined how the subjects drove his/her wheelchair. During all the tests, I recorded video and photo documentation. The results were statistically evaluated using the Fisher test. Results: Despite the fact that only a small group was investigated, I showed the effect of wheelchair seatings on the correct posture. I...
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The BanalFatal program in spinal cord injury prevention.
Pokorný, Václav ; Vařeková, Jitka (advisor) ; Půlpán, David (referee)
Title: The BanalFatal program in spinal cord injury prevention Objectives: The main objective of this diploma thesis is to examine the subjective impressions of participants after the completion of this program (lesson) so that it is possible to assess the emotional impact of the program and its impact on the further behavior of children. Methods: A quantitative strategy was used for the research part of the thesis. For the purposes of the research, two original questionnaires were created. 6 primary schools were contacted, in which the BanalFatal program previously took place. The questionnaire, aimed at school prevention methodologists, was filled in by all addressed school staff, but only in 4 school facilities, it was possible to interview school pupils. Thus, 6 school prevention methodologists and 164 pupils from 4 selected primary schools (Prague 11, 4, Litoměřice, Dačice) were interviewed. The questionnaire for prevention methodologists contains closed, semi-closed, and open questions. The questionnaire for pupils was created in the form of a survey and contained only closed questions. Results: All school methodologists presume that attending the BanalFatal lecture will have a certain effect on students' change in behavior during risky activities. "Certainly yes" was stated by 1 and "rather...
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Bone density in persons after spinal cord injury
Starková, Kateřina ; Coufalová, Klára (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Title: Bone density in people after spinal cord injury Objective: The purpose of this paper is to determine the levels of bone mineral density in people following a spinal cord injury. The levels are measured using a DXA device and the results are subsequently evaluated. Methods: The thesis is composed of eight independent case studies. A non-standardized 14 open and closed question survey was used for quantifying purposes. Answering the questions was a necessary prerequisite for participation in the survey. The measured results of bone density and body composition were used for data analysis, together with the survey, in comparison with other studies. Results: Eight probands (four women and four men) participated in the research. Based on the obtained data, we can state that all probands (n=8) record a decrease in bone mineral density to the level of Osteopenia. Better bone mineral density measurements have not been confirmed in individuals with lower spinal cord lesions. Probands who regularly engaged in sports and daily training before spinal injuries have better results in densitometric measurements. Furthermore, it can be confirmed that probands with a past compression fracture have worse measurement results than probands without a past fracture. However, due to the low number of measured...
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The BanalFatal program in spinal cord injury prevention.
Pokorný, Václav ; Vařeková, Jitka (advisor) ; Půlpán, David (referee)
Title: The BanalFatal program in spinal cord injury prevention Objectives: The main objective of this diploma thesis is to examine the subjective impressions of participants after the completion of this program (lesson) so that it is possible to assess the emotional impact of the program and its impact on the further behavior of children. Methods: A quantitative strategy was used for the research part of the thesis. For the purposes of the research, two original questionnaires were created. 6 primary schools were contacted, in which the BanalFatal program previously took place. The questionnaire, aimed at school prevention methodologists, was filled in by all addressed school staff, but only in 4 school facilities, it was possible to interview school pupils. Thus, 6 school prevention methodologists and 164 pupils from 4 selected primary schools (Prague 11, 4, Litoměřice, Dačice) were interviewed. The questionnaire for prevention methodologists contains closed, semi-closed, and open questions. The questionnaire for pupils was created in the form of a survey and contained only closed questions. Results: All school methodologists presume that attending the BanalFatal lecture will have a certain effect on students' change in behavior during risky activities. "Certainly yes" was stated by 1 and "rather...
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The Possibilities of Influencing the Neuropathic Pain via Virtual Reality in Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury Patients.
Hunčovský, Tomáš ; Pánek, David (advisor) ; Pavlů, Dagmar (referee)
Title: The Possibilities of Influencing the Neuropathic Pain via Virtual Reality in Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury Patients. Objectives: The goal of this thesis is to determine how a long-term exposure to virtual reality affects experiencing neuropathic pain in the case of patients with incomplete spinal cord lesions. Methods: The study included 8 probands (3 females and 5 males) aged from 30 to 64 years (average age 49.5 ± 12.0 years) from among the clients of a charitable trust "Centrum Paraple". At the entrance examination, the participants received a pair of VR BOX VR-X2 virtual reality headsets enabling viewing of two-dimensional (2D) videos in the three-dimensional (3D) format. Thereafter they were watching, in their home environment, varied therapeutic videos depicting "virtual walking" - human walking viewed from a first person perspective. After 3 months of therapeutic intervention, a follow-up examination was carried out to determine the effect of the therapy. The Neuropathy Pain Scale and the International Spinal Cord Injury Pain Basic Data Set were used to assess changes in the perception of neuropathic pain. The results were statistically processed by means of a paired t-test in the R program. To monitor objective changes in the somatosensory and motor nervous systems, the evoked...
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Evaluation of wheelchair adjustments and their impact on proper propulsion pattern upper extremities and sitting posture in patients with spinal cord lesions
Dáňová, Petra ; Pfeiffer, Jan (advisor) ; Neuwirthová, Svatava (referee)
Title: Evaluation of wheelchair adjustments and their impact on proper propulsion pattern upper extremities and sitting posture in patients with spinal cord lesions. Objectives: The objective of this work was to evaluate the adjustments of wheelchair and to determine their impact on the work of the upper limbs and posture while sitting. This work was done on a group of patients with spinal lesions with their own wheelchairs. Another objective was to assess how education of proper propulsion pattern and form and type of a grip of handrim affects the correct propulsion pattern. Methods: In the group of 26 patients with spinal cord injuries in different levels of the spinal cord, I tested the adjusments of wheelchair, in particular the centre of gravity and maximum seat height from the ground. I also investigated what education on correct propulsion pattern the patients received, and observed any home-made adjustments to handrim, as well as patients' techniques of handrim grip. Finally, I examined how the subjects drove his/her wheelchair. During all the tests, I recorded video and photo documentation. The results were statistically evaluated using the Fisher test. Results: Despite the fact that only a small group was investigated, I showed the effect of wheelchair seatings on the correct posture. I...
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The swimming effect on the body condition at patients with transversal spinal cord lesions
NOSKOVÁ, Petra
The theory part contains information regarding spinal cord injuries, possible complications, therapy, influence of swimming and water environment on the physical constitution, muscle functions and respiratory functions. Information about the methods of water movement therapy for physically handicapped are a part of the theoretical part as well. The aim of the practical part was to evaluate the influence of regular swimming on the physical condition and respiratory functions of spinal lesion impaired patients.
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