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Energy efficient wireless sensor platform for a snow load measurement
Bačinský, Martin ; Kouřil, Jiří (referee) ; Mráz, Ľubomír (advisor)
This bachelor thesis describes the problematics of snow load measuring. At first, sensors' principles of functionality for indirect measurements are mentioned. In the second part, the problematics of direct measurement with tensiometer takes place. The construction of wireless apparatus with the help of module ZigBit for the snow load measurement is the result of this work. Sensor board is designed in Eagle software, obeying standards for machine vacuum pickup and fabrication. The apparatus works in two modes. During indirect measuring, additional processing of data is necessary. In this mode, the sensor board has very low energy consuption and therefore long service life also after a battery connection. In the second mode, the apparatus is automatically sending data about actual snow load of particular roof. The whole machine communicates with the help of ZigBit module and ZigBee protocol IEEE 802.15.4. The communication distance between sensorial points is allowed up to 100m. At last but not at least, tensiometer UTILCELL M230 measurements are attached. In attachments, chemas and printed circuit boards are presented, too. Except documentation, the CD contains also libraries for components and details for DPS machine production in Eagle Software.
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Design of electric Snow Scooter
Chlpek, Matúš ; Zdařil, Zdeněk (referee) ; Křenek, Ladislav (advisor)
The topic of this thesis is creating a design of electric snowmobile considering technical, ergonomic and aesthetic requirements of this product. Based on marketing, technical and design analysis a design of electric snowmobile of the near future (5-10 years) is created. Built on knowledge of present models, it develops further certain ergonomic, design and other features. Thesis is focused mainly on the design of snowmobile with possibility of utility use for ski resorts and similar.
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Atmospheric Efects in WebGL
Brydl, Jaroslav ; Lysek, Tomáš (referee) ; Starka, Tomáš (advisor)
This thesis deals with the simulation and rendering of atmospheric effects in WebGL using Three.js application interface. The principles of functioning and implementation of the effects of altering day and night, clouds, snow, rain and shadows are described. Effects are mostly implemented with GLSL shaders that allow easy use across different platforms.
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Runoff formation in polar areas and runoff analysis in two selected catchments in the James Ross Island, Antarctic Peninsula
Vacková, Kateřina ; Jeníček, Michal (advisor) ; Nedělčev, Ondřej (referee)
Runoff in polar areas is strongly influenced by rising air temperature because these regions experience the largest air temperature increases in the world. Rising air temperatures affect permafrost, snow cover and glaciers which are the main components of runoff in high latitude regions. Warming is also causing the shift in precipitation phase from solid (snow) to liquid (rain) as well as changes in annual precipitation its distribution. With reducing extent of the snow and ice cover, the energy balance of the Earth's surface is fundamentally affected as the albedo is reduced, which leads to further warming of the Earth's surface. Changes in snow and ice cover lead to significant positive feedback loops in the climate cycle. This study includes analyses of meteorological and hydrological data measured in James Ross Island during the 2018 austral summer. Meteorological data were measured at eight automatic weather stations, and hydrological data were measured in seven catchments. However, in this thesis the analyses are focused on two selected catchments: the partly glaciated Triangular and the glacier-free Bohemian catchments. The influence of different meteorological variables on the catchment runoff was analysed using correlation and regression analyses. The analyses showed the highest...
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Spatial analysis of snow cover using the method of electrical impedance spectrometry
Novák, Michael ; Zeleňáková, Martina (referee) ; Janál, Petr (referee) ; Pařílková, Jana (advisor)
Snow cover is an important climatic, hydrological and biological phenomenon. Especially in the empirical sciences, snow and snow cover monitoring has a long tradition, the importance of which has been reinforced in recent decades by the fact that snow cover (it is controlled by temperature and precipitation) is one of the important indicators of climate change. The dissertation thesis deals with the monitoring of snow cover in the years 2016 to 2019, mainly in the Czech Republic, in the Eagle Mountains. The characteristic properties of the snow cover and their changes, caused by changes in temperature, humidity and air flow rate or by the snow's own weight, are monitored by selected and available classical methods and non-traditional indirect method of electrical impedance spectrometry. The aim of the work was to master the measurement technique by a non-traditional method (design of measuring probes, delimitation of the space between the measuring electrodes, data collection and processing). The method is described in the work, the results of monitoring are published in graphical form and are commented. Another goal was to find a suitable mathematical description of the dependence between the measured electrical quantities and the properties of the snow cover, which can be used to determine the water value of snow and possibly also predict the avalanche danger. The technique of measurement by the indirect method of electrical impedance spectrometry was successfully mastered, including the definition of possible adverse effects affecting the measurement result. It was not possible to obtain a statistically significant set of data on the basis of which it was possible to determine the dependence between individual quantities. Classic manual methods can still be considered the standard for snow diagnostics and snow cover.
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Long-term changes in winter and spring runoff in mountain catchments in Czechia
Klinkovská, Simona ; Jeníček, Michal (advisor) ; Vlach, Vojtěch (referee)
Climate changes occurring on Earth influence most of the natural processes. This also includes snow storages which have been decreasing in many mountain regions over the last decades. Besides increasing air temperature, changes in snowfall fraction, snow storages and snowpack duration also occur. For snow dominated mountain catchments, runoff timing from snowmelt is essential. Due to air temperature increase, runoff occurs earlier. Additionally, evapotranspiration increases as well. This thesis summarizes current knowledge regarding snowpack and runoff changes in mountain catchments. It further analyzes changes in 14 Czech mountain catchments over a 50-year period (1965-2014) using a Mann-Kendall trend test which identifies trends in selected time series. The trend analysis was followed by quantification of trends using Sen's slope estimator. The results showed that the day of 50% of total annual runoff occurred earlier in all catchments. Increased winter runoff was found in the Krkonoše catchments. Significant and extensive negative trends were detected in May for most of the catchments. There were almost no significant trends detected in the Beskydy catchments. Key words: snow, snowmelt runoff, trends, climate changes
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Realistic Visualization of Snow
Chukir, Patrik ; Polášek, Tomáš (referee) ; Čadík, Martin (advisor)
This diploma thesis follows visualization of snow formations, which are called penitentes. This work includes also collecting the data needed to derive the optical properties of the penitentes material. Which are different phases between snow and ice. For visualization method is used Progressive Transient Photon Beams, that this work implements with the help of SmallUbpb.
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Snow blower as an accessory for a small loader
Diviš, Přemysl ; Hloušek, David (referee) ; Škopán, Miroslav (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis provides the construction solution and a proposal of a snowblower as additional equipment to a skid steer loader. The project contains research on the construction of these devices, a description of the individual parts of the snowblower, and a functional calculation of the basic parameters needed for the selection of hydraulic motors. Furthermore, a strength check of important parts is performed, especially on the auger. As a part of the thesis, there is also drawing documentation of the snowblower and the welding auger.
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Realistic Model of the Sky
Kussior, Zdeněk ; Bílek, Václav (referee) ; Drahanský, Martin (advisor)
The paper describes a theoretical base and realization of realistic volumetric clouds visualization in an environment of real-time simulator. The first part is concerned with a meteorological background of this problem. I show international classification of ten basic cloud types including a short description and cases of occurence. The following part is concerned with an interaction between cloudiness and simulation core, which is based on the fact, that each cloud acts as a mechanical or an electromagnetic obstacle. This should be considered on some way in simulation. The next part describes technologies and practical implementations of visualization and evaluates their characteristics. Finally, the last chapter describes my implementation and tries to outline project advancement.
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