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Substandard vocabulary in the Russian media language
Tutak, Sofiya ; Konečný, Jakub (advisor) ; Rozboudová, Lenka (referee)
TITLE: Substandard vocabulary in the Russian media language AUTHOR: Sofiya Tutak DEPARTMENT: Russian Studies & Language Teaching Methodology Dept. SUPERVISOR: Mgr. Jakub Konečný ABSTRACT: To date, the study of the stylistic language system is one of the most important trends in linguistics. Researcher's interest to changes, development and proper use of language is still continue to grow. Especially the mass media language attracts the attention of researchers, because during the process of studying it can be clearly observed the processes of the development and changes of the language. This work is devoted to the phenomenon of the Russian language - subprime vocabulary. This topic is relevant today and it is still being studied by the linguists. Feature of this work consists of the increased attention to the vocabulary itself and to the content of the mass media test. This work reveals the history, development and styles of the vocabulary as well as the functions and features of the mass media language. Works of the Russian linguists, such as G.Y. Solganik, V.V. Vinogradov, L.V. Szczerba, L.A. Vvedenskaya, Y.S. Maslov etc became as the base of this work. KEYWORDS: Vocabulary, standard language, linguistic norm, sub-standard language, colloquial words, slang words, media, pragmatics.
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TV-debate - argumentation and persuasion: Václav Moravec questioning's case study
Jelínková, Barbora ; Kraus, Jiří (advisor) ; Šoltys, Otakar (referee)
The diploma thesis presents own research method for examination of speech formations. It focuses on examination of televised political debates. The method applied here may be characterized as an organized hermeneutic analysis of political discourse. Through the application of an analytical - philosophical approach (e.g. application of the theory of maxima, illocutionary acts evaluation, and analysis of arguments and verification of their truthfulness), the method allows us to establish objective facts of the debate as well as some personal features of debate participants. To examine texts, the theoretical knowledge of distinguished authors (J. J. Austin, K. Bayer, T. A. van Dijk, N. Fairclough, H. P. Grice, J. Habermas, J. Kraus, G. N. Leeche, J. R. Searl, and others) have been made use of. In addition to the literary survey, the thesis also includes the argumentation in respect of selection of the method, selection of talk shows, transcript of debates from TV records, transformation of the text into an analysable form, and research methodology. Accordingly, a specific communication model of programme is drawn up, the talk show discourse is analysed as a whole, and the styles and argumentation of selected participants are examined and analysed, which is followed by a comprehensive assessment of the...
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Non-standard functions of "like" in spoken discourse
Raušová, Veronika ; Brůhová, Gabriela (advisor) ; Malá, Markéta (referee)
This thesis is concerned with the non-standard functions of the word like in spoken discourse. The aim of this thesis is to categorize the non-standard functions that had been described in the past 30 years and create a comprehensive overview, which might serve as a guideline for further research. The theoretical part of the thesis offers a compilation of standard and non-standard functions that like may represent in spoken discourse. As a non- standard function is considered the use of like as a focus marker, hedge, quotative marker and a discourse marker. The second, methodological, part describes the method of extraction of the sample of 100 instances from the COCA. The following part then contains analysis of the extracted instances, which are categorized according to the theoretical frame created in the theoretical part of this thesis. The analysis also concerns the position of like in the utterance and frequent collocations. The result of this thesis is a confirmed theoretical frame containing the non-standard functions of like extended by an additional quotative construction, more detailed description of the hedge and the focus marker like and also a confirmation that non- standard like is certainly not only an empty intrusive word but a multifunctional, ever- developing, device with which...
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Analysis of Crisis Communication in Retail Chains
Pralovszká, Sára ; Ivan, Michal (advisor) ; Marcelli, Miroslav (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on an analysis of crisis communication in food retail chains, using pragmatic linguistic methods. In the theoretical part I deal with speech acts theory from the viewpoint of John L. Austin and Emile Benveniste, Grice's Cooperative Principles and the Theory of Argumentation. I use all these methods in analyzing press releases published by retail chains in the case of a negative food affair. I am therefore interested in the way those linguistic tools are used by the authors in the press releases in order to communicate most effectively in a time of crisis, so as to prevent the loss of either costumers or the good name of the company. I will also focus on the most frequent mistakes made by the authors of press releases. The aim of my thesis is to find out whether it is possible to find some repetitive mechanisms used in the communication of different crisis topics. The main hypothesis is that although there are different crisis situations which need to be communicated, communication methods used in individual press releases are similar and they often recur. Key words: pragmatics, speech acts, cooperative principles, argumentation, crisis communication, food affair, press release.
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Analysis of publicistic columns specifically focused on politically aimed commentary
Bejšáková, Sandra ; Kraus, Jiří (advisor) ; Klabíková Rábová, Tereza (referee)
Diploma thesis, Analysis of publicistic columns specifically focused on politically aimed commentary, treats of attitude of authors of publicistic columns about political parties or eventually to politicians. The aim of this work is to describe the ways and means of expressing authors use to formulate their position, focusing on these within Pravo's and Mladá fronta DNES's print-outs from January 2010 to June 2010 so mainly in months before the elections. The first part presents modern development of approach to language and text. That should elucidate how the pragmatic way of language examination has begun. In the practical part I applied the approach to language and text, as listed above, and I applied the pragmatic analysis. Qualitative analysis of publicistic columns examines inclination of authors to left-wing or right-wing parties, mostly to ODS or ČSSD. It is possible to deduce what authors criticize within the frame of the whole political situation. This work also examines, what means authors of publicistic articles use to profess affection or aversion to particular politician or political party. This diploma thesis forms compendium of publicistic texts in chosen journals and characterizes the conception which reflects their relation to politics.
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Idioms in Advertising
Helcmanovská, Veronika ; Klabíková Rábová, Tereza (advisor) ; Schneiderová, Soňa (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the text-forming and pragmatic potential of phraseological units in advertising. The aim is to document the phraseological apparatus within the Czech and Slovak advertising space from 2017 to 2019. The theoretical basis of the work are the concepts of two dimensions of phraseology - forms and faces of the idioms, linguistic actualization and linguistic picture of the world. In the practical part, idioms in selected Czech and Slovak advertising communications are interpreted by a descriptive and comparative method through a qualitative analysis. The anthropocentric orientation of phraseology and the linguistic image of the world is confirmed, as well as the thesis about the dominance of somatic components in phraseological units (life and phraseological universals). Idioms, linguistic peculiarities, an aestheticizing factor with a charge of expressiveness, an attractive function and the ability to evoke a persuasive effect, have proven to be productive and effective means of expression of advertising messages that can present any message (social, economical, ecological, educational or cultural) in an understandable, entertaining and attractive way, helping to meet the basic requirements of advertising.
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Pragmatic aspects of communication with chatbots
Kopecký, Michal ; Krhutová, Milena (referee) ; Haupt, Jaromír (advisor)
Chatboti, programy schopné komunikovat s člověkem, jsou v posledních letech více a více oblíbení. Ale protože je umělá inteligence velmi složitá vědecká disciplína, je obtížné vybudovat robota, který by se v komunikaci podobal člověku. Tato práce poskytne stručný úvod do teorie chatbotů, kde a jak jsou využíváni, a technologie Zpracování přirozeného jazyka. Krátce bude popsáno několik chatbotů, společně s příkladovými konverzacemi. Hlavní důraz bude kladen na pragmatickou stránku konverzace s chatboty, zejména na dodržování konverzačních maxim a kooperačního a zdvořilostního principu. Získané poznatky budou názorně předvedeny na analýzách dialogů s chatbotem ve druhé části práce.
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Theoretical and Methodological Problems Related to a Sociolinguistic Analysis of Conversation Markers: boludo in Argentinian Spanish
ŠMÍDOVÁ, Markéta
The dissertation thesis aims to identify and describe the key theoretical and methodological problems related to the study of conversation markers and to the collection of authentic data for such an analysis. To illustrate the whole research process, the Argentinian conversation marker boludo as a model example is used. The starting point of the analysis is located at the intersection of conversation analysis, discourse analysis and sociolinguistic paradigms, while taking into account the omnipresent background of pragmatics as well. We try to assess the contribution of such an interdisciplinary approach when studying conversation markers. As for the methodology, the thesis seeks to show what difficulties arise when carrying out a sociolinguistic research of conversation markers, which are understood as units typical of spontaneous conversation, i.e. without external manipulation, in comparison with the variationist research at other language levels. In addition, we also clarify why it is important to evaluate their character not only on the grounds of qualitative and functional perspective (in relation to analysing the socially-indexed interaction markers), but also quantitatively with regards to selected social variables that appear to be relevant for the recurrent use of the given marker. The outcome of the method assessment is an attempt to design a model approach to be applied in practice. In sum, the core of the research consists in analysing the Argentinian marker boludo from different perspectives; namely, within the pragmatic, functional-positional, interactional-sociolinguistic and variationist-sociolinguistic frameworks. Its nature is subsequently compared to the behaviour of another recurrent Argentinian conversation marker, che, since some authors regard them as equivalents. The analyses of naturally-occurring conversation data collected in situ are complemented by introspective judgements of several native speakers.
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Language mistakes in formal e-mail communication in French and their impact on the achievement of the communication goal
Baštová, Tereza ; Nádvorníková, Olga (advisor) ; Mudrochová, Radka (referee)
v anglickém jazyce The aim of this thesis is to analyze language problems in the uncorrected written speech of French native speakers. Examined snippets come from electronic communication between clients and the service provider. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first, theoretical part is focused on defining the term "error", classifying language problems by levels and pragmatic aspects of e-mail communication. The second part of the thesis is divided into two chapters. The first chapter is devoted to the analysis of language problems in the context of individual texts and the assessment of their importance for achieving the communication goal. This analysis is carried out on the basis of the criteria from the theoretical part. The second chapter will be devoted to a questionnaire on this issue between native speakers and their reactions. At the end of the paper, we summarize the results. KEY WORDS: French, mistake, spelling, email communication, pragmatics
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