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Pavilion for Expo 2015 in Milan
Chuděj, Tomáš ; Bindr, Tomáš (referee) ; Marek, Jiří (advisor)
The motto of the Expo 2015 in Milan, is "Feeding the planet, energy for life." The main idea of the design of the pavilion is Food – energy for life. The attempt of the thesis lies in pointing on rational eating and a healthy lifestyle. Not only is the reason the influence on an individual, but the influence on a whole society. The thesis is devoted to a solution of a thematic function of the pavilion, a way of presentation, a detailed solution of the pavilion construction and subsequent recycling of the pavilion.
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Non-fish prey in the diet of fish-eating mammals, Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) and mink (Neovison vison)
Tuzarová, Veronika ; Čech, Martin (advisor) ; Poledníková, Kateřina (referee)
The Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) is considered, along with the American mink (Neovison vison), a significant fish predator not only in the Czech Republic but also in other regions across Europe. One of the goals of this study is to determine, based on available literature, the types of prey that form the diet of the Eurasian otter and the American mink, specifically focusing on the non-fish component of their food and how the percentage representation of these items changes in the diet of both species depending on habitat and season. Another objective is to verify whether the American mink has a higher proportion of non-fish prey in its diet compared to the Eurasian otter. The processed data describing the diet through spraint analysis in biomass units were divided according to climatic regions, i.e., temperate, Mediterranean, and also based on the type of aquatic environment, i.e., stagnant or flowing water. The results of the study indicate that the American mink consumed, on average, three times more non-fish prey (74 % biomass) throughout the year than the Eurasian otter (24 % biomass). The seasonal variation had the most notable impact on the consumption rate of frogs and birds in the non-fish diet of both predators. According to the analyzed data, both predators especially focused on frogs,...
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Food competition between waterbirds and fish
Bečvář, Viktor ; Hořák, David (advisor) ; Musil, Petr (referee)
Food competition between waterbirds and fish can be a crucial factor in todays wetland ecosystems. In certain situations it can be decisive if a specific site is still suitable for waterbirds or not. Large aquatic invertebrats are often shared food resource. Situations where specific waterbirds and fish compete for this resource were described in many wetland habitats. Fish are often much more effective in acquiring food to the point when this relationship can be described as asymetrical competition. The level of competition can be also influenced by various envirometal factors or different attributes of waterbird and fish populations. The knowledge obtained by studing this relationship can be then used in management of protected areas and comercially used waterbodies.
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Biology of three-toed woodpecker
Navrátil, Martin ; Fuchs, Roman (advisor) ; Reif, Jiří (referee)
In my thesis I have tried to find out how does forest management influence presence of the Three-toed woodpecker Picoides tridactylus.This species is considered a "flagship species" of an untouched primeval type of forest and therefore it requires our attention and protection. The thesis contains results of North-American studies focused on the species very similar to Picoides tridactylus. The main chapters are those aimed to provide information about how is the Picoides tridactylus affected by forest fragmentation, stand health condition and finally the impact of food supply on the occurence and behaviour of the species.
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Stable isotopes in study of diet in Ursidae, including fossil taxa.
Marková, Aneta ; Horáček, Ivan (advisor) ; Čermák, Stanislav (referee)
Composition of food of members of the family Ursidae is often discussed topic. Up to now, however, there is some uncertainty about the trophic level of some fossil groups. Very useful method which helps us to determine the trophic level of the fossil species and determine the relative proportion of plant and animal components in the recent ones is the analysis of the stable isotopes. This study summarizes present state of methodological approaches and possibilities of use of the stable isotopes 13 C and 15 N in the study of foraging ecology of bears. The results of the analysis of stable isotopes are presented together with results obtained by other methods. Attention is paid to groups for which the relevant isotopic data are available, with special emphasis on the cave bear, which trophic level is evaluated on the basis of stable isotopes analysis as well as in the evolutionary and nutrition context.
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Eating disorders
Douchová, Zuzana ; Zelinková, Olga (advisor) ; Ondrušová, Jiřina (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with eating disorders, especially anorexia nervosa. The theoretical background gives a complex picture of this issue and puts mental anorexia in a broader psychological context. The aim is to clarify myths and preconceptions related to anorexia nervosa, to stress the importance of family environment for disorder's origin, course and prevention, and to show current state of treatment in the Czech Republic. These aspects are verified by the survey, based on how women with mental anorexia perceive this disorder.
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Monitoring of the Long-eared Owl (Asio otus) Population at the Town of Kladno Wintering Place
Ponikelská, Eliška ; Řezníček, Jan (advisor) ; Šmídová, Kateřina (referee)
My thesis deals with the study of the population of the Long-eared Owl (Asio otus) on a wintering place in Kladno - Kročehlavy. I mention numbers, arrivals and departures of the Long-eared Owl during the years 2013-2015 and the influence of abiotic factors on these results. I also deal with ringing and recoveries of these owls in the territory of Kladno. I verify the hypothesis of the influence of warm weather, rainfall and snow cover on the representation of small mammals and birds species in the diet of the Long-eared Owl in this thesis. In addition, my thesis is devoted to the analysis of methodology and species identification in food of the Long-eared Owl by skulls and pelvic bones. In my thesis, when determining the type of small mammals I deal with sexing of Common Vole (Microtus arvalis) and Wood Mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus) of the pelvic bones. According to bone fragments of the pelvis dominant representation of male Common Voles and Wood Mouse in a certain period of winter was investigated. On the basis of the obtained results I have compiled charts and tables and I have compared them with previous research from the years 2006 - 2012 in the same study area in Kladno - Kročehlavy. Keywords: Long-eared Owl (Asio otus), diet, weather, Common Vole (Microtus arvalis), Wood Mouse (Apodemus...
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Food interactions of antibiotics
Nováková, Veronika ; Pourová, Jana (advisor) ; Carazo Fernández, Alejandro (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Student: Veronika Nováková Supervisor: PharmDr. Jana Pourová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Food interactions of antibiotics Diploma thesis deals with clinically significant interactions between antibiotics and food. It defines basic concepts such as antibiotics, food, drug interactions and also drug-food interactions. The main part of the work deals with the characteristics of individual groups of antibiotics, describes their mechanism of action, including the antimicrobial spectrum, the main side effects and deals with the already mentioned interactions with food and beverages. St. John's wort, grapefruit, alcohol, or polyvalent ions in particular play an important role in these interactions, which can have a significant effect on the course of antibiotic therapy. The next part of this work deals with the effect of probiotics on the natural intestinal microflora, which is disrupted by antibiotics. The last part of the thesis deals with the issue of antibiotic resistance and the principles of correct and appropriate use of antibiotics, which have an impact not only on minimizing the emergence and development of bacterial resistance, but also help to prevent interactions, including drug-food...
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