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Cancel Culture - A Challenge Or A Threat?
Kvačková, Kristýna ; Kýrová, Lucie (advisor) ; Kozák, Kryštof Přemysl (referee)
The thesis entitled "Cancel Culture - A Challenge Or A Threat?" deals with the phenomenon of the so-called Cancel Culture, which is mainly known from the USA and the UK, but the first signs of it are also noticeable in the Czech Republic. The thesis analyses examples from the cultural, political, and academic spheres in the United States, with the aim of revealing the effects of the Cancel Culture on society and on the perception of the limits of freedom of speech and, by extension, academic freedom. The thesis establishes the boundary between legitimate criticism and cancellation. The threat to freedom of speech and, by extension, academic freedom, is presented when academics are disturbed because of their unpopular opinion, such as their political beliefs. In the cultural and political spheres, interference represents the threat described by the concept of the spiral of silence. As research shows, people are afraid to express their opinion if it is not in line with the majority opinion, for fear of cancellation and possible consequences. Despite its shortcomings, this phenomenon can be a legitimate tool for achieving social justice, because it effectively highlights sensitive social issues such as racism, sexism, xenophobia, etc.
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Autonomous weapon systems and international humanitarian law
Halajová, Ludmila ; Lipovský, Milan (referee)
Autonomous weapon systems and international humanitarian law Abstract There is practically no branch of international law that has been left unaffected by significant advances in modern technology in recent years. In the context of armed conflict, these advances could have far-reaching consequences for the application of not only established rules of international humanitarian law, but also of the rules of international criminal law or the rules governing international responsibility. Many States are currently devoting their attention as well as resources to the development of highly sophisticated weapon systems with autonomous functions, the control of which is being increasingly transferred from human operators to computer systems. These Autonomous Weapon Systems (AWS) have the potential to affect profoundly the nature of future armed conflicts. Although these systems are no longer a novelty at the international scene, they continue to cause tensions and provoke divisive reactions amongst the international community. This dissertation aspires to provide a comprehensive insight into the development and use of AWS in the context of armed conflict. The dissertation has six parts. The first part clarifies the basic terminology relating to AWS and explains how autonomy in the context of a weapon system...
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The role of nurse from physician perspective in pharmaceutical care
Poláková, Lucie ; Hocková, Jana (advisor) ; Švárová, Beáta (referee)
Introduction to the problem: Pharmacotherapy is a very complex and specific topic. Many of healthcare professionals, including nurses, are involved in pharmacotherapy management. Although this field is ensured by various legal standards, some competences of nurses are not clearly defined. The primary aim of this research was to analyse the current role of the nurse in pharmacotherapy out of a physician's perspective. Methodology: The data as a part of the multicentric project was collected in the form of semi- structured in-depth interviews with selected physicians also called key-informants. The obtained data were analysed by open coding followed by categorisation. Finally, SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis was used to assess the opportunities and threats, which are related to determination of the ideal role of the nurse in drug administration. Results: Current practice shows that nurses are performing activities beyond their competences. Therefore, I consider legislative changes in this area appropriate. At many departments is not cooperation with the clinical pharmacist well established, moreover in some cases doctors are not interested in it. In contrast, the literature also the workplaces, where the clinical pharmacist is part of the team reports many benefits....
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Eesponsibility of business entities for admnistrative tfenses
Bače, Václav ; Prášková, Helena (advisor) ; Adamec, Martin (referee)
The presented diploma thesis aims to introduce the addressee of the text to the institute of liability of entrepreneurial natural persons for administrative delicts, which was introduced into the Czech legal system as a separate liability regime only with the adoption of Act No. 250/2016 Coll., on Liability for Administrative Delicts and Proceedings. Although an entrepreneurial natural person could, of course, have been the perpetrator of an administrative delict before, it was only with the adoption of the Act that its liability for administrative delicts was completely separated from the liability of a legal person for administrative delict. Therefore, the author of the thesis decided to discuss the regime of liability of an entrepreneurial natural person for administrative delicts in such a way that the addressee of the text would be able to get to know all important aspects of the functioning of the liability regime of an entrepreneurial natural person. The structure of the thesis consists of eight chapters including the conclusion. In the first chapter, the author defined the basic institutes constituting the very concept of liability of an entrepreneurial natural person for administrative delicts. Subsequently, the author portrayed the development of the liability for administrative delicts...
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Idea of Self-Directed Learning from the Andragogical View
Yakubyak, Iryna ; Veteška, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Pavlov, Ivan (referee)
Diploma thesis focuses on the idea of self-directed learning from the perspective of andragogy. The main goal of this work is to characterize and describe self-directed learning among students at a selected pedagogical fakulty. The sececondary goal is to compare the process of self-directed learning from the perspective of students in the full-time and combined forms of study at the selected pedagogical fakulty. The work is divided into theoretical and empirical parts. The theorical part initially deals with the importance of lifelong learning and education, followed by an andragogical backgroud, whitch summarizes the basic andragogical concepts, the historical aspect of andragogy and didactics of adult education. An important subchapter of the teoretical part is Knowles' theory of adult education. The last and key chapter of the theoretical part deals with the historical and philosophical aspect of self- directed learning, defines the concept of self-directed learning, and outlines its challenges. Additionally, various models of self-directed learning and factors determining self-directed learning are presented. The empirical part is based on the basic knowledge of self-directed learning obtained from the theoretical part. A quantitative research design was chosen for this work, and semi-...
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Is free will just an illusion?
KOHOUTOVÁ, Lucie
The question of free will is one of the oldest and most complex questions that one deals with. It is not only theoretical, because the consequences of our actions will affect not only our lives, but also the lives of other people. In my bachelor thesis I will rely on the definitions of free will and try to define the basic theories that work with it. What are the basic attitudes to free will and what are the arguments for its existence or non-existence? The main question will be whether we possess free will, whether we are able to make free choices, or whether the act of free will is predestined to us and our free will is then a mere illusion. I will try to present the arguments of some philosophers and show their view of free will and the related moral responsibility.
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Autonomous weapon systems and international humanitarian law
Halajová, Ludmila ; Bílková, Veronika (advisor) ; Ondřej, Jan (referee) ; Ditrichová, Petra (referee)
Autonomous weapon systems and international humanitarian law Abstract There is practically no branch of international law that has been left unaffected by significant advances in modern technology in recent years. In the context of armed conflict, these advances could have far-reaching consequences for the application of not only established rules of international humanitarian law, but also of the rules of international criminal law or the rules governing international responsibility. Many States are currently devoting their attention as well as resources to the development of highly sophisticated weapon systems with autonomous functions, the control of which is being increasingly transferred from human operators to computer systems. These Autonomous Weapon Systems (AWS) have the potential to affect profoundly the nature of future armed conflicts. Although these systems are no longer a novelty at the international scene, they continue to cause tensions and provoke divisive reactions amongst the international community. This dissertation aspires to provide a comprehensive insight into the development and use of AWS in the context of armed conflict. The dissertation has six parts. The first part clarifies the basic terminology relating to AWS and explains how autonomy in the context of a weapon system...
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Liability of third persons for a child
Hrubá, Veronika ; Hendrychová, Michaela (advisor) ; Šustek, Petr (referee)
This thesis deals with the issue of third party liability for a child in Czech private law. Its aim is to analyse the basic legal relationship between parent and child, to define their mutual rights and obligations and to describe the concept of delegation of these to a third party. Particular attention is paid to the liability of third persons in the exercise of the rights and obligations so conferred under Act No. 192/2021 Coll., which amended Act No. 89/2012 Coll., the Civil Code, with effect from 1 July 2021. A separate chapter deals with the liability of third persons for harm, specifying further the liability for harm caused by the child and harm caused to the child. With the help of an analysis of recent case law, the thesis outlines the possibilities of minimising the risk of such liability.
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Moral profile of a social worker as a prerequisite for the quality of social work
BLÁHOVÁ, Petra
The diploma thesis focuses on the core and issues related to the work of a social worker and it strives to evaluate the essence of their moral profile. Based on that, it was necessary to define the terms of social work and thus state that a social worker must have a whole range of knowledge, abilities and skills. These include so-called soft skills such as empathy, the ability to listen, the ability to solve conflicts, communication skills. The personal value ladder, characteristics, life views and experience and many others determine the social worker´s approach towards their clients. In the next part I was dealing with ethical dilemmas the social worker faces and they are trying to manage via specific types of approach. The main objective of this thesis was to uncover what kinds of ethically dilemmatic situations the social workers may encounter and what strategies they choose to use in order to manage them.
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Relating to another person in the ethics of E. Levinas
VOLFOVÁ, Adéla
The thesis is theoretically arranged and comprises two main chapters. It deals with an ethical concept of the relationship towards the Other person that is represented by a French philosopher of 20th century Emmanuel Levinas. The relationship between the Self and the Other is developed, in which the other person is always the primordial centre of my interest. The primary feature of Levinas´ ethics is to show it like the first philosophy. It is particular for him to understand metaphysics in a purely ethical concept. At Levinas, there is an event of a turn in ethics, when the current ontology, which is focused on a theoretical knowledge, is substituted by metaphysics. Morality is acknowledged as an essence of ethical relationship with the other person. This interpersonal relationship is always an asymmetric relationship and fundamentally ethical. Levinas´ ethics is the ethics of responsibility for the Other, in which is possible to approach the Other. The ethics deals with a concept of transcendence, Infinity, exteriority and interiority.
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