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Transformation Models
Pejřimovský, Pavel ; Hušková, Marie (advisor) ; Antoch, Jaromír (referee)
This thesis deals with a finding ideal transformation which can model data well. We focus on transformations which we know up to a parametr. We need to estimate the parametr of the transformation. The main approach of study transformation is in linear regression and in nonparametric regression. In both cases we focus on estimating the transformation parametr and properties of this estimator such as consistency and asymptotic normality. We show in linear regression that the aprroach of least squares do not work properly. Instead of this we use a generalized moment method which can estimate parametr of transformation and also a regression coefficients. We show also a different solution for our problem in specific transformation called Box-Cox. For this situation we make a simulation study for estimators and standard deviations. The standard deviation are obtained by bootstrap method. In nonparametric regression we use profile likelihood to estimate transformation parametr. We also construct an estimator of density of error terms. In both cases we know the asymptotic distribution.
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Numerical competence in animals
Kolbábková, Denisa ; Landová, Eva (advisor) ; Lindová, Jitka (referee)
Numerical competence is a cognitive ability, which enables using number or determining quantity. It contains not only counting, but also lower cognitive abilities such as summation or relative numerousness. Not only people, but also many animals can use knowledge about quantity in some way. This competence is common crosswise the whole animal kingdom, from invertebrate animals (ants or honeybees), across amphibians and fish to birds and mammals. This bachelor's thesis summarizes the research of numerical competence up to nowadays, it describes also different designs of individual tasks and compares the abilities of animals and people. Based on the evolution of numerical competence of mankind is evident that numerical competence has developed progressively and its difficulness increases. In order the previous I postulate a hypothesis that this difficultness could reflect in a phylogeny. In the end of this thesis thus I am devoted to a phylogenetic reconstruction estimate of the ancestral character status in mammals (primates) and I test wheather ecological factors such as the sociality degree and the food extraction progressed simultaneously with the numerical competence. Keywords: numerical competence, summation, relative and absolute numerousness judgement, ordinality, transitivity, conservation...
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Some sequential procedures in in simple regression models,
Szabados, Viktor ; Hušková, Marie (advisor) ; Hlávka, Zdeněk (referee)
Sequential methods are used in statistics, where only a limited number of observations has to be made to obtain a reliable result. In this thesis we present basic sequential procedures that are used in the linear regression model. In the first chapter we introduce the linear regression model. In the second chapter we present different sequential methods. We compare these methods with each other and determine the advantages and disadvantages of individual sequential procedures. In the third and fourth chapter we cons- truct interval estimates for regression parameters. Additionally, in the fourth chapter we construct tests for regression parameters. 1
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Bodové procesy v čase a prostoru
Koubek, Antonín ; Beneš, Viktor (advisor) ; Pawlas, Zbyněk (referee)
In this work we present an introduction to the theory of point processes in space and time with focus on space--time shot--noise Cox process. Further from theoretical point of view we study its simulation, space--time separability, kernel estimate of intensity function and non--parametric estimation of some summary statistics using edge corrections. For two ambit models and one space--time separable model we do numerical calculations using the presented theory and software Wolfram Mathematica 9.0. For these three models we do simulations, we select the best bandwidth for kernel estimate of the intensity function and we also calculate some theoretical summary statistics including the pair correlation function. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Probability calculator in MS Excel
Ginzl, Michal ; Malá, Ivana (advisor) ; Vrabec, Michal (referee)
The main aim of this thesis is to perform analytical methods for estimating the most commonly used survival distributions. There are introduced the maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters for the exponential, log-normal, gamma, logistic, Gumbel and Weibull distributions without data censored. For some distributions are mentioned probability plotting and how to estimate parameters with method of least squares or by method of moments. There are discussed tests of goodness of the best fitting distribution. Two tests are based on log-likelihood function and another on test of hypothesis. Practical part of this paper forms application programmed in VBA in MS Excel. Main part of this application includes: module for probability calculations, graphs editor and module for data analysis.
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Inequalities in problems MO (1951 - 1975 )
CHVÁL, Jan
The diploma thesis concerns the elaboration of excercises of inequality which were placed in mathematics olympics in 1951-1975, the clasification of inequality in agreement with the method of solution and showing other ways of solution. The thesis should serve as an addiltiolal study material for students interesed in mathematics.
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Models of Efficiency Evaluation of Hospitals in the Czech Republic
Novosádová, Ivana ; Dlouhý, Martin (advisor) ; Vrabec, Michal (referee)
Hodnotenie efektívnosti súboru nemocníc a liečební dlhodobo chorých v ČR. Súbory boli analyzované samostatne z dôvodu snahy zabezpečenia väčšej homogenity súboru. Aplikovaná bola analýza obalu dát, modely s konštantnými a variabilnými výnosmi z rozsahu. Ako aj modely orientované na vstupy a výstupy. Na rovnakých súboroch bola aplikovaný aj odhadu Cobb-Douglasovej produkčnej funkcie. Pre súbor liečební dlhodobo chorých nebol tento odhad úspešný a to z dôvodu malého počtu pozorovaní.
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Models of Efficiency Evaluation of Hospitals in the Czech Republic
Novosádová, Ivana ; Dlouhý, Martin (advisor) ; Vrabec, Michal (referee)
Hodnotenie efektívnosti súboru nemocníc a liečební dlhodobo chorých v ČR. Súbory boli analyzované samostatne z dôvodu snahy zabezpečenia väčšej homogenity súboru. Aplikovaná bola analýza obalu dát, modely s konštantnými a variabilnými výnosmi z rozsahu. Ako aj modely orientované na vstupy a výstupy. Na rovnakých súboroch bola aplikovaný aj odhadu Cobb-Douglasovej produkčnej funkcie. Pre súbor liečební dlhodobo chorých nebol tento odhad úspešný a to z dôvodu malého počtu pozorovaní.
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