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Bioimpedance measurement
Pagáčová, Lenka ; Balogh, Jaroslav (referee) ; Sekora, Jiří (advisor)
The work deals with the body analysis using bioimpedance. The work included theory about bioimpedance and methods associated with the analysis. In the practical part is design of the device for measuring body composition including a software for the microcontroller. The assembled device was tested and compared with commercial product Tanita.
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Comparison of a standard adult non-athlete diet and a diet of an athlete in preparation for bikini fitness competitions
Jakubičková, Tereza ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Petráková Doležalová, Radka (referee)
Title: Comparison of a standard adult non-athlete diet with a diet of athlete in preparation for bikini fitness competitions Aim of the thesis: The primary goal of this bachelor's thesis was to compare the differences between the regular diet of adult non-athletes and the pre-competition diet of female athletes who are preparing for bikini fitness competitions. The aim of the work was to analyze the individual differences between the diets, with the help of calculations of the total daily energy intake of the respondents, the amount of macronutrients, simple sugars and fiber in their diet, a comparison of the daily drinking regime, subsequent entry into graphs and a visual comparison of the diets. The secondary goal of this work was to acquaint the reader with the nature of the pre-race diet, its principle and its effect on the change in the body composition of the female athlete during the pre-race preparation. This work also aimed to present the effect of a precisely set and strictly observed diet, thanks to which a significant change in body composition can be achieved. Readers of this work will, among other things, learn about various dietary methods for reducing body fat and at the same time for preserving muscle mass during a caloric deficit. Methods: The work was carried out in the form of a...
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Body composition changes during ontogenesis in youth football
Lukavský, Jakub ; Malá, Lucia (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Title: Body composition changes during ontogenesis in youth football Objectives: The aim of the work was to identify and compare changes in body composition during ontogenesis in youth categories in football. Methods: Due to our work, a research group was created, which included 4 different age categories. It was a category U12 - U15. U12 (n = 15), U13 (n = 18), U14 (n = 19), U15 (n = 16). He is a player of an elite Czech club. The selection of probands and age categories was intentional. Body composition measurements were performed with a multi-frequency bioimpedance analyzer (Tanita MC-980MA, Tanita Corporation, Japan). The biological age was estimated as follows. The equations of Mirwald et al. (2002). Y: -9.236+(0.0002708*Leg Length and Sitting height interaction) - (0.001663*Age and Leg Length interaction) (0.007216 Age and Sitting Height interaction) + (0.02292*Weight by Height ratio). The players were divided into two groups according to the degree of maturity (before 1, circa 2 (PHV)). Group 1 included players from (> -1 before PHV) and group 2 - circa PHV (-1, +1). Results: The changes in the basic somatometric indicators - body weight and body height were as follows. Body weight: U12 (38.2 kg), U13 (41.4 kg) + 8%, U14 (46 kg) + 11%, U15 (55.1 kg) + 20%. Body height: U12 (148.4 cm), U13...
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Impact of load on cognitive level in decision-making processes in selected sport game
Soukup, Vojtěch ; Perič, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kaplan, Aleš (referee)
Title: The influence of physical load on the level of cognition and decision-making processes in a selected sports game Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to find out level of changes in cognition and decision-making processes after physical load.and how level of these changes differ between more and less skilled athletes. Methods: Result evaluation was done via descriptive statistics (average result of research group, standard deviation) and t-test paired two sample for means. Results: Research group was made of 18 probands (floorball players), whose ages were between eighteen and twenty seven years. All probands performed diagnostics in virtual reality consisting of five skill tests. First diagnostics was performed before physical load and second diagnostics after physical load. The physical load took the form of the vita maxima spiroergometric test. In case of avarage changes in cognitive functions after physical load, players accomplished following outcomes: recognition time (ms) -2.1±235.8 reaction time (ms) -87.7±148.1, release time (ms) 40.5±218.9, player tracking (%) 8.7±17.3. In case of avarage changes in cognitive functions after physical load due to skill level of players, national team players accomplished following outcomes: recognition time (ms) -125.1±252, reaction time (ms)...
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Sarcopenia in patients with Huntington's disease
Šoltésová, Mária ; Klempíř, Jiří (advisor) ; Růžičková, Lucie (referee)
Introduction: This cross-sectional, non-interventional, non-randomized, prospective and observational study aims to determine whether sarcopenia and its types occur in a cohort of 16 patients with Huntington's disease and, if so, at which stages of the disease. The study also aspives to identify patients with Huntington's disease who are at risk of sarcopenia (so-called presarcopenia). In addition, the study also compares the results of nutritional and functional status tests between a group of patients and healthy controls who were of the same sex, age and with no further acute or chronic disease that could significantly affect their nutritional and functional status. This was done to determine to what extent the patients exhibit reduced nutritional and functional parameters as compared with the healthy population. Methods: Individuals with clinically diagnosed Huntington's disease who agreed to participate were recruited. These individuals are outpatients of the Department of Neurology, VFN in Prague and the 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague. A series of tests were performed to assess the nutritional and functional status of the individual - questionnaires of functional status, self-sufficiency and sarcopenia, bioimpedance testing, strength tests using a hand dynamometer and...
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Prognostic Siginificance of Sarcopenia in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis
Kozlova, Marina ; Brůha, Radan (advisor) ; Meisnerová, Eva (referee)
Introduction: Sarcopenia is a common complication of liver cirrhosis and has a significant negative effect on the clinical outcome and prognosis of patients. Sarcopenia is manifested by a loss of muscle mass and a decline in muscle strength and overall physical performance. X-ray examination is the most accurate method in the diagnosis of sarcopenia, but it is unknown to what extent the prognosis of liver cirrhosis can be predicted by non-invasive and broadly available anthropometric measurements and functional tests combined with the analysis of routine laboratory data. The aim of the work is to find factors related to the severity of liver cirrhosis, the occurrence of complications and survival of patients with a focus on muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance. Methods: The observational study included 20 patients of the IV. Department of Internal Medicine of the General University Hospital in Prague (VFN) - Clinics of Gastroenterology and Hepatology diagnosed with liver cirrhosis. The progress of cirrhosis was assessed with MELD and Child-Pugh scores. Patients were examined twice, once during hospitalization and 3 months later. Functional tests of hand grip strength, chair stand test, NCT test and quality of life questionnaire were performed. Other measurements included...
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Effect of Functional Electrical Stimulation-Assisted Ergometry on Muscle Cross-Sectional Diameter, Nitrogen and Fluid Balance in Critically Ill
Hejnová, Marie ; Řasová, Kamila (advisor) ; Neuwirthová, Svatava (referee)
Author: Bc. Marie Hejnová Title: Effect of Functional Electrical Stimulation-Assisted Ergometry on Muscle Cross-Sectional Diameter, Nitrogen and Fluid Balance in Critically Ill Objectives: The aim of this thesis was to investigate the effect of functional electrical stimulation-assisted cycling ergometry (FES-CE) on cross-sectional diameter of the quadriceps femoris (QF) muscle of both lower extremities in critically ill patients. Another objective was to evaluate if the measured values are responding to the changes in muscle tissue or are caused by an oedema. Methods: The intervention group received daily intensified physical therapy and FES-CE. We measured cross-sectional diameter of the QF muscle repeatedly by a diagnostic ultrasound. We recorded daily nitrogen balance to objectivize catabolism of muscle and fluid balance to objectivize amount of cumulative fluid. Results: The total of 115 patients were evaluated. Average decrease of cross-sectional diameter of QF muscle in the intervention group was 0.020 ± 0.070 cm/day, in the control group it was 0.017 ± 0.084 cm/day (p = 0.87). We registered an opposite result from the eighth day onwards, the intervention group had average decrease 0.025 ± 0.047 cm/day and the control group 0.040 ± 0.076 cm/day (p = 0.38). The nitrogen intake was...
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Influence of nutrition stereotype on body composition - body weight, body fat, muscle mass and body water.
Lichnovský, Miroslav ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Kinkorová, Ivana (referee)
Title: Influence of nutrition stereotyps on body composition - body weight, body fat, muscle mass and body water. Objectives: The aim of this work is to influence changes in body composition in women of various ages, body weight, occupation and movement regime. By adjusting eating habits reduce the amount of body fat while maintaining muscle mass. Methods Basic dietary recommendations for the ratio of macro-nutrients and time aspects of food intake according to the general body weight reduction recommendation. The bioimpedance method is used for assessment of body composition and selected circuits are evaluated at the same time. Based on this data, an individual diet plan was developed for each woman and the dietary effect was continuously evaluated. The study involved six women. Four overweight and obesity weighing 92 ± 17 kg and BMI 35 ± 4 kg/ . Two with a normal weight of 60 ± 2 kg and a BMI of 22.5 ± 0.5 kg/ Average age of women 40 ± 15 years. Results: After the individual diet was applied for three months, we found significant changes in women with higher body weight. They reduced body weight by 6 ± 1 kg and body fat by 5 ± 1 kg. In addition, these persons reduced the waist circumference by 5 ± 2 cm and the hips by 4 ± 2 cm. For the remaining two subjects with normal body weight, we did not...
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Inflence of nutrition streotypes on body fat reduction
Lichnovský, Miroslav ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Kinkorová, Ivana (referee)
Title: Influence of nutrition stereotypes on body fat reduction Objectives: The aim of this work is to achieve a reduction in body fat through appropriate eating habits. Acquired theoretical knowledge applied to practice for six women of different age and movement regime. Inform about the procedures of this intervention. Verify the validity of theoretical knowledge in practice. Achieve the desired results. Methods Basic dietary recommendations, peer-to-peer comparisons and time aspects of food intake. Furthermore, bioimpedance measurements on the In Body 230 instrument and physical body measurements by a tape method to determine the baseline status of the examined women and to subsequently monitor their running state at specified intervals. Developing a diet for each of these women and evaluating the on-going status. Results: The result of this diploma thesis is to make changes in eating habits that will lead to the reduction of body fat. Partial results are the protocols from the continuous measurement on the In Body 230 at the Lunacor s.r.o. In Kroměříž and fitness center Fit2b s.r.o. In Prague 8 - Bohnice.. Key words: Nutrition, way of living, lifestyle, obesity, BMI, dietary, basal metabolism, nutrition ratio, nutritional habits, reduction, body weight, body fat, muscle mass, body water,...
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Influence of physical activity on changes in skeletal muscle mass after brain injury
Prunerová, Anna ; Táborská, Silvie (advisor) ; Pochylová, Barbora (referee)
of bachelor thesis Title of bachelors thesis: Influence of physical activity on changes in skeletal muscle mass after brain injury Abstract: Bachelor thesis concerns with resulting of muscle mass after four weeks of physical acitivity doing. There were chosen patients with traumatic brain lesion and with hemiparetic stroke. The thesis is divided in two parts, theoretical and practical. Theoretical part is belonged to brain injury etiology. The attention is on hemiparetic stroke and traumatic brain lesion. Then there is described the architecture of skeletal muscle and there are included changes, which can be established on it. A part of it there is correct physical activity, which is indicated to these patients. In this thesis there is also explaining of biological impedance analysis and instruments, which were used during detection of results. In practical part there is concerned a metodology of thesis. Criteria of selection of patients, analysis and data processing are included. There are casuistries of three patients, one woman and two men after brain injury. Casuistries concern apart of anamnesis, entrance and output kinesiology examination also a measure of bioimpedance, which is important in this thesis for finding of influence of physical activity on muscle mass. Key words: Brain injury,...
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