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Structure and development of the Czechoslovak agriculture with regard to the specifics of the Czech lands, Slovakia and Carpathian Ruthenia in years 1918 - 1938
Bryknarová, Martina ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Szobi, Pavel (referee)
The main target of this work is to summarize the development of Czechoslovakia between 1918 and 1939, describe its structure and compare countries by which Czechoslovakia was formed. The work is divided into three periods by political and economic developments and discusses the differences between the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Carpathian Ruthenia consequent from their different historical development. The first part will cover the period immediately after World War I until 1923, when the lend reform started. In the second period between 1924 and 1929 agriculture in Czechoslovakia was in the agrarian crisis. This period will include the land reform, agrarian duties and the financial and tax policies in favour of the bourgeoisie. The third part continues the 1930s and will describe the depression that followed the agrarian and grain crises and strongly influenced not only agriculture.
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Brown coal mining in the Carlsbad region in the interwar period
Somogyi, Tomáš ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Fabianková, Klára (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyze the situation of brown coal mining in the Carlsbad region between the years 1918 and 1938. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and an analytical part. The theoretical part describes the growing importance of mining and the development of brown coal mining before the formation of Czechoslovakia. The analytical part describes the largest mining companies and compares the region to the North Bohemian district. The thesis is based on the data from unpublished sources of company's archives and regional literature. The result of exploration is that in case of employment was the importance of mining comparable with the present. The level of production was 75% lower than in the North Bohemian basin. The evolution of productivity in the period between the world wars was caused by the sales crisis, the Great Depression and arms race in the late 40's of the 20th century.
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Great Britain between 1918-1945. Paper on british economic and regional policy.
Smetana, Martin ; Toth, Petr (advisor) ; Kouřilová, Jana (referee)
Master's thesis focuses on the British economy in the first half of the 20th century and examines the most important components of the economic and regional policy in this period. The aim of the work is to discover the main impact of the first and second world war on the economy of Great Britain while emphasizing the role of the arising regional policy in this period. An evaluation of the most important macroeconomical indicators is performed to fulfil the aim of the work. Results of this paper show that the First World War led to the decline of traditional industries. This was supported in the inter-war years by the decrease of demand, high real wages and overvaluation of the pound while returning to the gold standard. Because the employment was mainly concentrated in the declining industries, which were regionally located, regional disparities in the country increased. The high unemployment in these regions led to the beginnings of state controlled regional policy. However significant decrease of the unemployment was only achieved with the mobilisation of the economy during the Second World War and the impact of new growing industries in the fifties.
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The influence of Alois Rasin and Karel Englis on monetary politics till 1929
Pařík, Adam ; Fabianková, Klára (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
This work is focused on the currency reform in the year of 1919. The theoretical part presents opinions and concepts of Alois Rasin and Karel Englis in the field of currency politics. Starting from the introduction of the default economic and social situation before the establishment of the self-governing Czechoslovak state, the text aims on an analysis of grounds, a course of development and impacts of the currency reform. Next part investigates the influence of currency measurements on the realtime economics of the country. The essential point of the research is following: Has the deflation policy of A. Rasin fullfilled one of its main targets, i.e. to strengthen the exchange rate of the Czechoslovak Crown? Detailed empirical testing has been performed on this initial hypothesis, resulting in positive verification of this statement. Thanks to the artificial stimulation caused by deflation policy leading to increased currency value, external competitiveness of the Czechoslovak Crown really grew up, though at the significant costs of domestic economy suppression. As the conclusion, the description of particular impacts of A. Rasín's and K. Englis's currency policy applied on real economic processes is provided.
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Analysis of the production and export of the artillery weapons of the Skoda Works in the years 1918-1938
Pecková, Lenka ; Skřivan, Aleš (advisor) ; Johnson, Zdenka (referee)
This thesis deals with the analysis of the production and export of artillery weapons in interwar Czechoslovakia. Skoda become a major armory during the times of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, and maintained its position even during the interwar period. During this period occured a series of political and economic events that affected arms production. It is therefore one of the main aims of this work to analyze their influence and impact on the production of artillery weapons in Pilsen. Production and export were often subject to political relations of Czechoslovakia. From an economic perspective, the paper focuses on the profitability of individual stores, both in terms of domestic and foreign orders. Can not ignore the more detailed analysis of the export of the artillery weapons and trade relations because export played important role for the company for most of the interwar period.
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Negative-utopia in the 1920s and 30s and in the Postwar Period
NOVOTNÁ, Michaela
The diploma thesis characterizes and interprets negative utopias of the inter-war and post-war periods. In methodical terms, the thesis is based on the theory of representation, negative utopias are viewed as the products of the affairs and thinking of the period. The objective of this thesis is to contemplate in what manner the inter-war and post-war negative utopias reflected the discussions and ideas of the world, society and humans at that time. The Czechoslovakian utopias of inter-war and post-war period are considered in the context of the times. Individual chapter analyse the relation of the anti-utopian genre and the horizon of thoughts of the period. The diploma thesis asks in what manner negative utopias react to the changing world as well as the war and totalitarian experiences of the twentieth century.
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The Relationships Between Czech and French Surrealists
ŘEZÁČ, Jiří
The core of this work is research and analysis of documents, correspondence, memoir, and secondary reflection of relations among Czech and French surrealists, primarily from the area of literature. Attention is paid both, the Le grand jeu group and the group around Andre Breton. Based on comparisons and analysis that have been carried out, formation of mutual discursive dominant is described, together with way of their period interpretation.
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Unemployment in the Great Britain in the twenties of the twentieth century
Havlíčková, Eliška ; Soběhart, Radek (advisor) ; Johnson, Zdenka (referee)
Presented bachelor essay focused on unemployment in Great Britain in era between world wars and is mainly targets on twentieth years of last century when phenomenon of massive unemployment was discovered. At issue is viewed in the context of creating so called "welfare state" in Great Britain. The main conclusions of the work are that mass unemployment is manifested the most markedly between years 1920-21, then took all the twenties and was created by combining several factors. These include the attitude of society to the unemployed, contact the First World War itself, not only Great Britain but also of world trade and wage rigidity. Finally had an impact on the unemployment, frequent changes of governments and the related sporadic adoption of laws that are devoted to the problem.
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Poland as a stability factor of the Versailles system
Maliňák, Štěpán ; Veselý, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Krines, Vlastimil (referee)
Presented bachelor thesis is dealing with Poland and its position in international relations between World War I and World War II. Thesis covers historical genesis of Polish state and seeks all factors that influenced Poland and its evolution of that time. There is space devoted to the intranational development evolution and the most importent moments are analyzed. Work seeks the reasons and grounds that formed Polish foreign policy. The character of the relations with other subject of international relations is deeply analyzed. Thesis tries to answer the question if Poland was a stability factor of the Versailles system.
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Munich agreement and the Versailles system of international relations
Miňovská, Veronika ; Veselý, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Šauer, Jaroslav (referee)
The thesis deals with the Versailles arrangement of international relations since its establishment at the Paris Peace Conference, through its changes in 20s and 30s, until its final disappearance. I try to argue, in the thesis, that the system's setting served Hitler as a powerful political weapon in negotiations with the Western powers. I seek for deeper clarification of causes leading to the signature of the Munich Agreement and I am also concerned with the policy of appeasement and the system of collective security which failed several times in 30s. Additionally, the thesis has ambition to shed some light on the Sudeten problem, that had been misused in favour of Hitler due to a well-targetted imperial propaganda of uprecedented proportions. Finally, a part of the paper is also devoted to the rise of Nazism in Germany, the circumstances under which it flourished and its later consequences.
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