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Pergo/Pedro
Valchářová, Martina ; Malý, Břetislav (referee) ; Rathouský, Luděk (advisor)
The theme of my bachelor thesis is the issue of methamphetamine addiction and abuse in Czech Republic. The series is compiled of drawings that depict meth labs around my home town. Drawings should be mediated between the theme and gestural drawing.
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Methodology of investigating drug crimes with a focus on production of methamphetamine
Vávra, Vojtěch ; Beranová, Andrea (referee)
Methodology of investigating drug crimes with a focus on production of methamphetamine Abstract This thesis deals with methodology of investigating drug crimes with a focus on production of methamphetamine. Considering the complexity of the mentioned topic, it takes into account substantive and procedural criminal law, criminalistics, criminology and addictology. In the first chapter, in addition to describing the forms, effects and methods of methamphetamine production, with an emphasis on the Czech way of methamphetamine production, the historical genesis of the problem is also presented. The second chapter defines the terms small-scale production, medium-level production and large-scale production in order to increase legal certainty. The thesis draws inspiration from the current methodology of the National Drug Headquarters and the United Nations. This part of thesis also includes a statistical section dealing with the structure of drug crime in terms of prosecutions and seized clandestine laboratories. The third chapter describes a typical drug offender. The offenders are divided according to their level of professionalism into three groups: amateur, semi-professional and professional. This paper also discusses individual roles in an organized group, which it classifies as mandatory and optional in...
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The effect of methamphetamine on the neuroimmune system
Petrášová, Blanka ; Hejnová, Lucie (advisor) ; Lapka, Marek (referee)
Metamphetamine is worldwide problem and in the Czech republic is 2-3 % of people older than 15 years exposed to it. There are 34,7 thousand long-term users in Czech republic and 19 methamphetamine-related deaths in 2022. The impact on the neuroimmune system has only started to be studied in recent years. Understanding its effect on the neuroimmune system may outline new treatment options, as there is no cure for methamphetamine addiction to date. This paper summarizes its effects on the different components of the neuroimmune system and outlines some substances that could be used in treatment. Key words: methamphetamine, neuroimmune system, inflammation, microglia, astrocytes
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The function of methamphetamine in the life of a user diagnosed with ADHD in connection with the self-medication theory of substnce use
Hofmannová, Zuzana ; Minařík, Jakub (advisor) ; Minařík, Gabriela (referee)
Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) increases the risk of substance abuse. Within the ADHD self-medication theory, people with ADHD choose stimulants to compensate for unpleasant conditions and relieve and suppress ADHD symptoms such as excessive hyperactivity, inattention, and emotional lability. Objectives: The aim of the research was to describe the context of the use of methamphetamine in the user career of persons diagnosed with ADHD, focusing on the reasons for using methamphetamine and the benefits of this group within the framework of the self-medication theory of the use of addictive substances aimed at the prevention, and treatment of addiction disorders. Methods: The research was conducted qualitatively through semi-structured interviews. Open-ended interviews, axial coding and pattern capture were used to analyze the data. The sample consisted of 6 individuals purposively selected from the Clinic of Addiction Medicine in Prague. Results: The results show that methamphetamine was often used for reasons that help the user to function normally, increase productivity and concentration, higher self-esteem, and suppress negative emotions. Positive changes in the intensity of ADHD symptoms were noted over time and especially after methamphetamine use. Changes for the...
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Investigation of the involvement of central ghrelin signalling in methamphetamine dependence using behavioural and molecular methods
Lapka, Marek ; Šustková, Magdaléna (advisor) ; Votava, Martin (referee) ; Amchová, Petra (referee)
v anglickém jazyce Interest in appetite-inducing peptide hormones, such as ghrelin, is gradually increasing. There is a growing number of publications dealing with the involvement of this orexigenic peptide in the mechanisms of obesity and various addictive behaviours, not excluding addiction to stimulant substances including methamphetamine. Central ghrelin signaling appears to play an important role in addictive behavior, and in the processing of memory traces. Recently, antagonism of the ghrelin receptor for growth hormone secretion (GHS-R1A) has been proposed as a promising tool for the still unsatisfactory treatment of methamphetamine addiction. Premedication with a commonly used experimental GHS-R1A antagonist, the triazole derivative, JMV2959, significantly reduced the rewarding and reinforcing effects of methamphetamine in several animal models of addiction. However, the molecular aspects of GHS-R1A involvement in specific brain regions related to the addiction process remain unclear. This work demonstrates that acute and subchronic (4 days) administration of JMV2959 alone, at doses significantly effective in addiction models (1 and 3 mg/kg intraperitoneally), had no effect on memory functions tested in the Morris water maze in rats, as well as no significant effects on molecular markers...
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Methodology of investigating drug crimes with a focus on production of methamphetamine
Vávra, Vojtěch ; Dvořák, Marek (advisor) ; Šelleng, Dalibor (referee)
Methodology of investigating drug crimes with a focus on production of methamphetamine Abstract This thesis deals with methodology of investigating drug crimes with a focus on production of methamphetamine. Considering the complexity of the mentioned topic, it takes into account substantive and procedural criminal law, criminalistics, criminology and addictology. In the first chapter, in addition to describing the forms, effects and methods of methamphetamine production, with an emphasis on the Czech way of methamphetamine production, the historical genesis of the problem is also presented. The second chapter defines the terms small-scale production, medium-level production and large-scale production in order to increase legal certainty. The thesis draws inspiration from the current methodology of the National Drug Headquarters and the United Nations. This part of thesis also includes a statistical section dealing with the structure of drug crime in terms of prosecutions and seized clandestine laboratories. The third chapter describes a typical drug offender. The offenders are divided according to their level of professionalism into three groups: amateur, semi-professional and professional. This paper also discusses individual roles in an organized group, which it classifies as mandatory and optional in...
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Paternal methamphetamine exposure - effect on the development of offspring
Mihalčíková, Lýdia ; Šlamberová, Romana (advisor) ; Cendelín, Jan (referee) ; Riljak, Vladimír (referee)
Introduction: Drug addiction and its effect on the behavior and development of children has become a serious problem in our society. Methamphetamine (MA) is one of the most abused psychostimulants in the Czech Republic, and its abuse is rising worldwide. Previous studies have demonstrated the adverse long-term effects of maternal drug abuse on rat offspring. However, the father's contribution as a parent and donor of half the genetic information is unclear. Aim: First, the present study aimed to examine the effect of MA administration on male sexual behavior, locomotor activity, spermatogenesis, and testosterone level. Second, the impact of paternal MA exposure on behavioral development, locomotor activity, and social interaction in rat offspring was examined. Methods: MA was administrated for 30 days at a dose of 5 mg/kg s.c. to adult male rats (PD 90). The control group was exposed to saline (SA). During the experiments, 6-8 individuals from each group were tested. The sensorimotor development of rat pups was examined during PD 1-23. The Social play experiment was conducted with juvenile rats (PD 30). The sexual behavior, spermatogenesis, and locomotor activity of fathers and offspring were tested in adulthood. Prior to testing, adult offspring were exposed to an acute challenge dose of MA (1...
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Application of Task-oriented and relationship-oriented leadership in streetwork with drug addicts.
KRATEJL, Martin
This Diploma thesis deals with the possibility od use of person-centered approach in field social work in streetwork. This thesis is made on the basis of a research of relevant literature. The theoretical part describes metamfetamin and other most commonly used drugs, along with defining the target population of metamfetamin users. Furthermore, the streework and the person-centered approach are disscussed. The thesis also illustrates an alternative method of harm reduction psychotherapy, which is further decribed in a example case of a client.
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Current issues of metamphetamine use and support care of its users with a focus on Montgomery County, Maryland state in the USA
Pacák, Michaela ; Šejvl, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Barták, Miroslav (referee)
Background: In the United States, methamphetamine use has increased significantly in recent years, resulting in an increase in overdose deaths. In 2020 alone, 2.6 million people in the country used this substance. Reasons leading to this trend are not described in the literature, nor is this issue documented from the perspective of individual US states. Aims: The aim of this bachelor thesis is to describe the use of methamphetamine in Montgomery County, Maryland. Based on the study of methamphetamine problems in this county, the subsequent aim of this work is to evaluate the current care of methamphetamine users. Methods: A qualitative approach was used for data processing. Methods of pattern search and text coloring were used in the data analysis. The method of intentional (purposeful) selection through institutions was used to obtain data. Data collection was carried out using a semi- structured interview. Data interpretation was performed based on the selection of relevant information. Sample: The research sample included 5 semi-structured interviews with addiction specialists in this county, Maryland, including a visit to the Outpatient Addiction Treatment Center and the state therapeutic center Avery Road. The research sample also included fixation and analysis of written materials. Results:...
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Socioeconomic status and criminal problems of problematic opioids and metamphetamine users
Zittová, Lucie ; Mravčík, Viktor (advisor) ; Nechanská, Blanka (referee)
of the thesis Introduction: This dissertation focuses on socioeconomic status and problems with law of problematic opioid and methamphetamine users. Long-term intensive use of drugs leads not only to health impacts, but also social such as the inability of financial autonomy, indebtedness, unemployment, failure to comply with the respective social roles, fiduciary social functioning, poor housing etc. Great number of users are influenced by the drug in situations such as interpersonal relationship, family functioning and partnerships, there is a change of social status, social isolation or exclusion. Effective interventions and service development should always start with a good knowledge of the situation and needs of the user, who claims the service. Claim: The goal of this thesis is finding socioeconomic status and criminal situation of problematic methamphetamine and opioids users consequently draw recommendations towards services that work with these clients. Methods: Cross-sectional questionnaire study was carried among clients who have started a treatment episode or contacted selected facility type such as a contact centre, psychiatric AT ambulance, therapeutic community, medium-term inpatient treatment or replacement therapy. Recruitment into the study took place from June 2015 until October...
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