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Solving methods of systems of linear equations
Šotolová, Petra ; Jančařík, Antonín (advisor) ; Novotná, Jarmila (referee)
My bachelor's thesis is focused on methods for solving systems of linear equations. Its aim is to explain the application of these methods for solving systems of linear equations and to assign advantages and the type of system for which each method is advantageous. The thesis should be suitable for elementary and secondary school students, university students, as well as individuals not studying mathematics. It describes substitution method, addition method, comparison method, graphical method, Gaussian elimination, Gauss-Jordan elimination, inverse matrix and Cramer's rule and their application in solving systems of two or more linear equations with two or more unknowns. It includes a general explanation and a specific procedure with examples, advantages and disadvantages of each method, and types of systems for which the method would be used. The thesis examines the number of solutions of systems of equations depending on the form of the system. It also explains basic concepts and provides simplified definitions of the terms used.
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Library for Rigid Body Dynamics
Moravčík, Libor ; Janoušek, Vladimír (referee) ; Peringer, Petr (advisor)
This thesis sums up a basic knowledge about rigid body simulations in two dimensional space of computer games.Practical result is a hands-on library written in C++. Collision geometry of rigid bodies is simplified to convex polygons and circles. Multiple bodies can be joined together via a joint. Collision detection is split in to two phases, broad and narrow. Broad phase is implemented using a dynamic aabb tree while narrow phase uses Gilbert-Johnost-Keerthi (GJK) algorithm with Expanding Polytope Algorithm as an extension for detecting collision points between two polygons.
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Ovality measurement of extruded fiber using three cameras
Loučka, Pavel ; Martišek, Dalibor (referee) ; Štarha, Pavel (advisor)
One of the important parameters observed during extruded fibre fabrication is its diameter. The diameter can be measured with a single scanning camera assuming that the fibre section has a circular shape. As proved in practice, another important parameter is ovality, that is the rate of fibre flattening. This paper assumes that the fibre section shape is elliptical. In such a case, at least three different views on examined fibre are needed. Mathematical part of this paper is concerned with analytical description of fibre ovality measurement using two different approaches based on the knowledge of linear algebra, projective geometry and conic sections theory. Main goal of this paper is thus to use both mathematical theory and image analysis methods for ovality and diameter determination. Precise calcluation of such quantities is, however, conditioned on precise camera system calibration, which is described in the paper as well. Additionally, the work contains a brief mention of technical realization of ovality measurement and its possible difficulties.
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Extruded fibers ovality measurement
Loučka, Pavel ; Procházková, Jana (referee) ; Štarha, Pavel (advisor)
One of the important parameters observed during extruded fibre fabrication is its diameter. The diameter can be measured with a single scanning camera assuming that the fibre section has a circular shape. As proved in practice, another important parameter is ovality, that is the rate of fibre flattening. This paper assumes that the fibre section shape is elliptical. In such a case, at least three different views on examined fibre are needed. This paper deals with analytical description of fibre ovality measurement using two different approaches based on the principles of linear algebra and projective geometry. As a result, a considerable part of the work is devoted to these branches of mathematics with particular regard to analytical conics theory. Additionally, the work contains a brief mention of technical realization of ovality measurement and its possible difficulties.
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Geometric structures based on quaternions.
Floderová, Hana ; Vašík, Petr (referee) ; Hrdina, Jaroslav (advisor)
A pair (V, G) is called geometric structure, where V is a vector space and G is a subgroup GL(V), which is a set of transmission matrices. In this thesis we classify structures, which are based on properties of quaternions. Geometric structures based on quaternions are called triple structures. Triple structures are four structures with similar properties as quaternions. Quaternions are generated from real numbers and three complex units. We write quaternions in this shape a+bi+cj+dk.
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The presence of a dead node in a distributed system
Ecler, Tomáš ; Škorpil, Vladislav (referee) ; Kenyeres, Martin (advisor)
This thesis deals with the distributed systems and the algorithms executed in these systems. The first part provides the theory relating to the mentioned topic as well as the mathematical tools used to model the functionality of a distributed system in which a dead node is present. The practical part is focused on an analysis of the impact of a dead node presence on the behavior of the Push-sum protocol. The simulations were executed on a tree, a ring, a star and a fully-connected mesh topology in Matlab.
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Path Planning in 3D Space
Krčmář, Radim ; Janoušek, Vladimír (referee) ; Rozman, Jaroslav (advisor)
Following thesis presents basics of motion planning, focusing on sampling-based algorithms. System for collision of objects in arbitrary dimensional space is created using linear algebra. Basic options for visualizaton of three-dimensional data are described. Selected algoritms were implemented in haskell and used to pull hedgehog out of the cage (popular disentanglement puzzle in Czech Republic).
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Angles, areas, volumes: dot product and determinant
Ondič, Milan ; Beran, Filip (advisor) ; Zamboj, Michal (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the introduction of scalar product and determinant, which are important tools of analytic geometry. The purpose of the thesis is to provide a parallel interpretation of these two key concepts of advanced algebra - the dot product and the determinant - primarily from a geometric, not an algebraic, point of view. The aim of the thesis is to show how both representations can be derived just by solving geometric problems in two-dimensional space and then how to transfer them to three-dimensional space. The first part of the work is devoted to finding the angle between two vectors in the plane and to calculating the area of a triangle. Both of problems are solved in several ways and then the scalar product and determinant are derived. The second part of the work is devoted to three-dimensional space, in particular the angle between two vectors, lines and planes and the volume of a tetrahedron and parallelogram. This is then supplemented by the introduction of some notions of linear algebra, an investigation of the algebraic properties of the dot product and determinant, and a generalization of the notions to the n-dimensional space. The last part of the thesis is devoted to the analysis of selected czech high school mathematics textbooks in terms of the occurrence and...
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Linear Algebra Education at Secondary School
Řepík, Michal ; Jančařík, Antonín (advisor) ; Bureš, Jiří (referee)
The submitted master thesis called Linear Algebra Education at Secondary School consists of a theoretical and an experimental part. The theoretical one deals with the identification of those linear algebra themes, which appear in the secondary school mathematics curriculum. It follows up with a more detailed look into those topics and proposes ways for further extension of secondary level linear algebra education. The main topics, which are identified in the thesis, are vectors and vector spaces, inner and dot product, systems of linear equations and matrices. The main section of this thesis is the experimental part, which incorporates the conclusions of the first one to design and later realise an online educational course of linear algebra as a part of the Talnet project, which took place in the winter semester of the academic year 2015/2016. The end of this thesis contains assessment of the results of this course.
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Educational environment additive polygons and polyhedrons
Sukniak, Anna ; Jirotková, Darina (advisor) ; Vondrová, Naďa (referee)
Title: Educational environment additive polygons and polyhedrons Summary: The main intention of the work is to introduce a new mathematical educational environment that would be especially attractive for pupils in the grades 6. -9., but also in the secondary schools, universities or primary schools The work consists of six parts. In the introduction are mentioned the reasons that led me to choose this topic. The second chapter describes the theoretical basis of the work. The third section describes in detail the environment of additive polygons, both its aspects - mathematical and educational one. Analogously, as it is in the third chapter, is processed the fourth chapter that is dedicated to the environment of additive polyhedrons. The fifth chapter is devoted to the linking of the environment of additive polygons and polyhedrons into the linear algebra. In conclusion are provided further opportunities of work with this environment.
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