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Populism as a threat to liberal democracy and the role of media
Němečková, Zuzana ; Agha, Petr (advisor) ; Urban, Michal (referee)
1 Populism as a threat to liberal democracy and the role of media Abstract This master's thesis focuses on concept of populism as an ideology. The first part of this thesis is concerned with the analysis of a hypothesis that views populism as a threat to liberal democracy and this hypothesis is then proven on various individual aspects of liberal democracy as is defined by Andrew Heywood. Next, this thesis is concerned with some critics of the concept of the liberal democracy itself such as Carl Schmitt or Chantal Mouffe. As shown on the example of an article by Belgian political scientist Chantal Mouffe it refutes the concept of left-wing populism as a ,,good" populism. Then, it concerns with some of the critical remarks of Ivan Krastev and Stephen Holmes that were outlined in their book The Light that Failed: A Reckoning. The next subchapter is concerned with some explanations as to why people are voting for populists - this includes the crisis of representation, then language used by populists and finally the desire to be recognized. The last three subchapters of first part concerns with three different countries as representatives of three different types of populism, more specifically it concerns with Hungary (right-wing populism), Spain (left-wing populism) and the Czech Republic (technocratic...
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Political corretness in social work
ŘEPOVÁ, Iva
Abstract This bachelor's work examines the concept of political correctness, a phenomenon that draws lots of debate and criticism in our era, both in the Czech Republic and in the USA where the notion was born. The work is largely theoretical and seeks an answer to the question of how political correctness influences modern- day society and what effects it has on social work and the political situation in the Czech Republic. The work explores the scope of the concept political correctness, how it came up, its development and categorization. Further the work looks at political correctness and its influence on ethics and religion. Another part of the work looks at social work, its significance and paradigms. It relates social work to social politics, and its significance in the Czech Republic and the European Union. In addition, the author looks at the relationships between social work and political correctness. In the last part, the work briefly looks at the immigration crisis and its influence on political deliberations in the Czech Republic. The aim of the work is to acquire an objective outlook at the significance of political correctness and awareness of the effect of the application of political correctness on everyday life of individuals and society - it is well known that inadequate information leads to a skewed perception among voters.
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Res publica - res christiana? Biblical motivation and the Czech Brethren's perspective of christian political engagement
Roll, Benjamin ; Gallus, Petr (advisor) ; Morée, Pieter Cornelis Adrianus (referee)
This diploma thesis entitled Res publica - res christiana? Biblical motivation and the Czech Brethren's perspective of christian political engagement deals with possible theological basis for Christian political engagement. The first chapter maps the biblical principles and passages inspiring the work of Christians in today's society. In the second chapter, the author deals with the life and work of the most important czech protestant theologian of the 20th century J. L. Hromádka. On specific examples of his public activities and theological statements, the author shows the key ideas and experiences that form the approach to this issue still present in the Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren. Both of these chapters form the basic basis for the author's final chapter, which outlines his own theological perspective. He put this perspective in the context of personal experience with political activism in defense of liberal democracy in the Czech Republic.
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Challenging Hegemony: Coercion, Repression and Protest in Liberal Democracies.
Čapinská, Barbora ; Kýrová, Lucie (advisor) ; Gagnon, Jean-Paul (referee) ; Wahlström, Mattias (referee)
Barbora Čapinská Abstract for dissertation thesis Challenging hegemony: coercion, repression, and protest in liberal democracies Year of defence: 2022 Abstract: This dissertation project identifies and classifies the types of coercive and repressive methods liberal democratic states use to prevent, resist, or suppress protest via analysis of secondary literature from several disparate academic fields. Despite the substantial fragmentation of the relevant research, it systematizes and clarifies the terminology used to describe these phenomena and combines the extant findings from all relevant research strands. Above all, the project stresses the fact that repressions are employed in response to a threat posed by the challengers, but the degree of this threat, or respectively legitimacy of the protest, is influenced or even constructed by the mass media coverage of protest and social movements. By endorsing a discourse-theoretical prism and the concept of hegemony, a relational definition of state, and a three-dimensional view of power, the author proposes to view protest and repression as a hegemonic struggle, in which protest is a counter-hegemonic discourse and the state an embodiment of hegemony suppressing challenges. To supplement existent typologies, the author introduces the concepts 'institutional...
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Liberal Democracy and Civil Society
Chloubová, Karolína ; Hauser, Michael (advisor) ; Jirásková, Věra (referee)
This diploma thesis reflects theories of C. B. Macpherson. It is concerned about his visions of democracy as a one-class society, which is formed by constituing liberalism into class divided society. Text pays attention to writters, whose inspired Macpherson, and also aims to analyse other theories of liberal democratic writters who are concerned about problematic of democracy and private property. The most important part of this thesis deals with main critics of Macphersons and his important concepts such as net transfer of power, differencing between the consumer ethics or developmental ethics and so on. After analysing these texts thesis tries the defensibility of Macphersons theory and also evaluates usefulness of this theory for these days. key words: liberal democracy, capitalism, development of human powers, socialism, net transfer of powers, Macpherson
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Inverted Totalitarianism
Petr, Ondřej ; Hauser, Michael (advisor) ; Rybák, David (referee)
This Master's thesis reflects the theory of American political philosopher S. Wolin. The work introduces the reader to interpretations of S. Wolin's term inverted totalitarianism and confronts it with the common and mainstream approaches to totalitarianism. It is concerned about S. Wolin's reflection on contemporary western liberal democracy as managed democracy. The text pays attention to work of G. Agamben who takes a similar critique on the form of Euro-Atlantic democracy; for instance the thesis deals with his view of state of exception in which the author sees connections on inverted totalitarianism. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Participatory, deliberative and agonistic democracy: current theories and practical applications
Sekerák, Marián ; Salamon, Janusz (advisor) ; Valeš, Lukáš (referee) ; Müller, Karel B. (referee)
The rapidly changing political environment in our Western liberal democracies poses a big challenge not only to elected representatives but also to scholars. In this dissertation thesis I describe and clarify the main principles and ideas of the three currently most dominant, debated and promising democratic theories, namely participatory democracy, deliberative democracy and Mouffe's agonistic pluralism. Their criticisms and the most important polemics are included as well. The first theory introduced in dissertation's theoretical part is participatory democracy, which is heavily neglected in the Slovak academia. It is presented especially through the prism of Carole Pateman's, C.B. Macpherson's and Benjamin Barber's writings. Their ideas on civic engagement in public life appear to be noteworthy again, especially in the light of the changing conditions of democratic citizenship - particularly in regards to the EU-wide decline in voter turnout, increasing income inequality, downgrade of social solidarity and cooperation, growing intolerance or dissatisfaction with representative democracy and its institutions. This theory has been verified on the example of the European Citizens' Initiatives (ECI), which are deemed to be one of most promising political tools adjusting EU's democratic deficit....
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The tranformation of the role of the judicary in the 20th and 21st centuries.
Hořeňovský, Jan ; Wintr, Jan (referee)
The transformation of the role of the judiciary in the 20th and 21st centuries Abstract This work is about the fundamental questions of law, judges, society, and liberal democracy from theoretical social perspective. This study is mainly from the fields of state science and political philosophy. Due to the complexity of the topic, I decided to devote the first chapter to the philosophical starting points. The second and third chapters deal with the role of the courts as political actors. To a large extent, I deal with the criticism of this phenomenon. Important sections are those on the essence of democracy, policies and the role of experts in the process of governance. Equally important is the critical view of human rights inflation in modern societies. In the last chapter, I focus on the various forms of doctrine of judicial restraint, which I see as a realistic solution to the outlined problems. Frequently, the argumentation for criticizing the Judicial Restraint is the creation of a cartoons and its subsequent majestic defeat. I think that this approach is not fair, because in my opinion the judicial restraint can be debated objectively without prejudices and without a priori rejection. Meaningful division of roles in the state is as important as the division of power. The division of power is...
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The tranformation of the role of the judicary in the 20th and 21st centuries.
Hořeňovský, Jan ; Wintr, Jan (referee)
The transformation of the role of the judiciary in the 20th and 21st centuries Abstract This work is about the fundamental questions of law, judges, society, and liberal democracy from theoretical social perspective. This study is mainly from the fields of state science and political philosophy. Due to the complexity of the topic, I decided to devote the first chapter to the philosophical starting points. The second and third chapters deal with the role of the courts as political actors. To a large extent, I deal with the criticism of this phenomenon. Important sections are those on the essence of democracy, policies and the role of experts in the process of governance. Equally important is the critical view of human rights inflation in modern societies. In the last chapter, I focus on the various forms of doctrine of judicial restraint, which I see as a realistic solution to the outlined problems. Frequently, the argumentation for criticizing the Judicial Restraint is the creation of a cartoons and its subsequent majestic defeat. I think that this approach is not fair, because in my opinion the judicial restraint can be debated objectively without prejudices and without a priori rejection. Meaningful division of roles in the state is as important as the division of power. The division of power is...
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Liberal democracy and its enemies
Slanina, Daniel ; Kysela, Jan (advisor) ; Agha, Petr (referee)
Nowadays liberal democracy is faced with a crisis bought mainly by the liberal-democratic elites with their approach and the politics they established during the period of boundless triumphalism in the 1990s. Sand castles, whether it was the inevitability of progress or capitalism as a miraculous elixir to all the ills of society at the time, built during this period, began to crumble like a house of cards. Associated with the financial crisis that erupted in the United States in 2007 it spread practically all over the world. The period of the global financial crisis has shown that the creation of a legal framework, building of a conscious civil society and the system of values on which the society is built and identifies with them, or the construction of a liberal-democratic identity fell behind economic transformation and economic growth after 1989 and the people's relationship to liberal democracy was built primarily on economic aspects. This created space for those who for many years hid rather in the shadows, on the edge of the spectrum of political power. A fraction of the liberal-democratic elites, with their approach and politics of a kind of arrogance of power and the style of labeling their opponents, have turned against them even those who a priori did not have a negative attitude...
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