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Physical activity promotion in documents of international organizations
Maurer, Tomáš ; Hendl, Jan (advisor) ; Čechovská, Irena (referee)
Title: Physical activity promotion in the documents of international organizations Objectives: The main objective of this work is to explain the meaning of the promotion of physical activity for the human health and to show the way leading to the active way of life of the whole population. The partial objective is to show the content and the means of the promotion of physical activity and various strategies aimed on the increasing the physical activity level of the different populations in various environments. Methods: In this work I use the analysis of documents of various institutions, especially WHO, and the studies published in scientific and professional journals, dealing with the problems of the physical activity promotion. Results: The study of the important world documents proved the society-wide seriousness of the promotion of physical activity. The promotion of the long-life physical activity in the primary prevention is based on the strong evidence of health benefits bringing the additional newly discovered economic and psycho-social benefits. Simultaneously it appeared that in the Czech republic the agenda of physical activity as protective factor and the inactivity as high- risk factor is very low. Key words: accumulated physical activity, physical inactivity, interventions, health...
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Interventions increasing happiness and life satisfaction
Kukulová, Petra ; Vranka, Marek (advisor) ; Komárek, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis deals with the intervention strategies of positive psychology and how they affect our happiness and life satisfaction. The literary overview of the work defines the concept of happiness and mention the factors contributing towards its level. There are also evidence appropriate to question whether it is even possible to achieve long lasting positive change in the level of happiness. Another part deals already on intervention strategies. I've focused on mapping the working mechanism of these interventions. I mention factors that contribute to their effectiveness. At the end of the theoretical work I mention the critical reflection on researches to verify the effectiveness of intervention strategies and introduce most common pitfalls, typical for this type of studies. Draft of my research project is aimed at verifying the effectiveness of intervention strategy, "Three Good Things."
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Analysis of air medical interventions 2009 - 2011
Müllerová, Monika ; Fiala, Miloš (advisor) ; Vilášek, Josef (referee)
Title: Analysis of Air Rescue Services interventions Objectives: The main aim of the thesis is to analyze and create a comprehensive overview of interventions of Air Rescue Services in the period between 2009 and 2011 in the Czech Republic. This work aims to comprehensively describe the historical development of Air Rescue Services in the Czech Republic, their current status and provide information about equipment used by Air Rescue Services. Method: In the thesis methods of collecting data from available sources, data analysis and data comparison are used. Collected data are presented in different tables and graphs together with their description, evaluation and analysis of outcomes. Results: The result of the thesis is the comprehensive description of the air medical service in the past and nowadays. The thesis provides mapping of ARS centres located in the Czech Republic. The results are supported by the graphical demonstration of ARS interventions to urgent life- threatening events and subsequent comparison of these interventions during the period from 2009 to 2011. Key words: Air Rescue Service, Rescue Service, Kryštof, SAR, ARS interventions
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Burden-Sharing in NATO: A Discourse Analysis
Šamonil, Ondřej ; Ditrych, Ondřej (advisor) ; Karásek, Tomáš (referee)
This diploma thesis analyzes the phenomenon of NATO burden-sharing. Due to late security crises in Europe, such as Crimea crisis, the never-ending alliance issue has been encased in new dynamics. This new dynamics supposedly threatens the long preserved status quo and can even lead to the breakup of the alliance. The thesis uses methodological framework prescribed by Lene Hansen. This framework draws heavily on work from David Campbell and his Writing Security. For the successful analysis, we first designate our inter-textual governmental field in which we then try to observe the repeating ideational/argumentative norms of the respective discursive actors in the alliance. We also divide our research field into two time units: the 1990s era and events after 9/11. Interpretation of the behaviour of certain members shows establishment of a several interconnected centres of argumentation, which somehow coincides with the three largest European members of NATO. The thesis also shows, that these argumentative actors tend to transform their argumentative structures along with the changing environment and context. For better understanding, the work encompasses the short-term, intensive burden-sharing situations, like NATO interventions, but also debates on long-term institutional solutions, which are mostly seen...
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Rusian approach to military intervention under the "Responsibility to Protect" principle
Prokopová, Barbora ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Horák, Slavomír (referee)
As a permanent member of the UN Security Council, the Russian Federation plays an important role in the debate over humanitarian interventions. These are defined by the Responsibility to Protect principle that allows international military intervention into internal political crisis of other countries in case the security of civilian population is in danger. Russia sent its army to Georgia in 2008 and Crimea in 2014 referring to this principle. However, it was Russia's reluctance to approve any intervention that governed the diplomatic negotiations during the Libyan civil war in 2011. The importance of the problem of various understanding of the R2P principle by different world powers is still crucial and is also clearly visible on the ongoing conflict in Syria. This thesis focuses on the approach of the Russian Federation to the Responsibility to Protect principle. It determines general factors that influence the issue of humanitarian intervention in the framework of Russian foreign policy, and puts Russian attitude to the overall context of the discussion about this principle. The thesis confirms the assumption that the R2P principle has become a Russian foreign policy instrument, which has been misused within the Russian sphere of interest and used to obstruct the interventions initiated by the...
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Anthropological perception of current home births without medical assistance.
Drabantová, Lucia ; Brůžek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Koudelová, Jana (referee)
The study discusses the current home births in developed countries. Introduction deals with the emergence of a model of human birth in the background of evolutionary mechanisms and the resulting biological risks, which are illustrated by data on maternal and neonatal mortality. Home births are understood in the complex scale, and so formation of current model of obstetrics in selected countries is shown in historical background. It brings most common image of women and the circumstances that lead to the choice of home birth. The study focuses on the comparison of home and hospital births due to the occurrence of undesirable health complications. As this comparison showed the results that births are largely influenced by medical interventions carried out, frequency of these procedures is also compared. Higher occurrence of interventions in hospital births can be partly explained by changes in the demographic profile of mother, which increases the risks associated with childbirth at home. Data processed in the study suggest that today's home births require extensive implementation of system changes, and therefore the home birth as a safe alternative is not recommended. It also doesn't consider hospital births appropriate in terms of excessive interventions, rather a compromise in the form of home birthing...
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Past and Present Mountain Rescue Service of the Czech Republic and Czechoslovakia
Kabešová, Barbora ; Kašpar, Ladislav (advisor) ; Mojžíš, Otakar (referee)
The work follows the establishment, the history and the present of the mountain rescue service in the territory of the Czech Republic and Czechoslovakia in the particular historical periods. It focuses on the conditions under which the mountain rescue service was established. It compares particular regions regarding selected indicators (e.g., the number and structure of its members, the membership conditions, the type of interventions, the intervention intensity, the size of the territory, the number of rescue stations, etc.). The work also deals with the functioning and the quality of the cross-border cooperation in various areas. Key words: Mountain rescue, mountain rescue service organisation, the members of the mountain rescue service, areas, districts, interventions, station, equipment
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Patients' attitudes to pharmacotherapy of osteoporosis
Theimerová, Hana ; Vytřísalová, Magda (advisor) ; Hendrychová, Tereza (referee)
1 ABSTRACT PATIENTS' ATTITUDES TO PHARMACOTHERAPY OF OSTEOPOROSIS Author: Hana Theimerová Supervisor: Magda Vytřísalová Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy INTRODUCTION: Patients' attitudes to treatment might be affected by various factors. These may vary in different generations as well as in different populations. The patients' attitudes to the treatment along with the illness may affect decision concerning the beginning, interruption or end of the treatment. That implies that the interaction between these factors and attitudes to the treatment is comprehensive. AIMS: The study aim was to evaluate the patients' attitudes to the treatment of osteoporosis based on the perception of necessity and concerns of treatment with oral bisphosphonates (BIS). METHODS: Data for the analysis were obtained using an anonymous questionnaire in five outpatient centres in the Czech Republic from November 2012 to March 2013. The patients' opinions concerning the BIS treatment were identified (necessity vs. concerns) using the Czech version of the "Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire Specific" (BMQ-CZ). RESULTS: A total of 363 patients were involved in the analysis (mean age 68.9 years). Patients were treated with once a week dosing forms of BIS -...
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The Middle Eastern alliances: Analysis of relations and further development of the region
Eštoková, Denisa ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
Examining any topic in the Middle East requires a general knowledge because of the region's complexity and dynamics. Important characteristics is the link of Islam and politics, because this relation shaped political establishment of states. The strategic location and rich natural resources of this part of the world were tempting also for the global superpowers whose engagement divided the Middle Eastern states, particularly during the Cold War. An analysis of the factors and events that led to the formation of alliances and rivalries in the Middle East is the goal of this work. Research will focus on alliances of Iran and its Shia allies on the one hand and Saudi Arabia with the rest of Sunni monarchies on the other. Unlike other alliances mentioned in the work, these two blocks have long term character. They are also specific because of sectarian differences, their stance towards the United States and Israel and shared responses to emerging threats. Historical development of Middle Eastern alliances begins with the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, continues with the both World wars, the Israeli-Arab conflict, the Islamic revolution in Iran and other milestones which were meaningful in shaping inter-state relations in the region. The modern period moves from invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq to...
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