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Respondents of the Spanish gerunds (contrastive corpus analysis)
LEXOVÁ, Tereza
This bachelor's thesis deals with The Respondents of the Spanish gerunds (contrastive corpus analysis). The first part of the thesis brings out the existence of three nominal forms of verbs in Spanish. Furthermore, the focus is put on gerunds, as they are described from different points of view of Czech and Spanish grammar books. The second part compares, using texts contained in the Czech National Corpus InterCorp v12, how are selected representative samples of gerunds being translated from Spanish to Czech language (texts is maintained); with what frequency, and in what types of texts they occur. The aim of this work is to monitor reciprocal response of the phenomenon in both languages.
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Spanish gerund and its Czech equivalents
Vavroušová, Petra ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Zavadil, Bohumil (referee)
The purpose of this thesis was to analyse the Spanish gerund and its Czech equivalents. The thesis is divided into two parts: the theoretical one and the empirical one. We mainly drew from Spanish grammar books and Czech linguistic works. The gerund and its translation equivalents were compiled from the parallel Czech-Spanish corpus InterCorp. The excerpts were analysed from the linguistic point of view in order to provide a contrastive description of the Spanish gerund and its Czech equivalent expressions. The objective of the study was to describe the different types of Czech translation equivalents and their frequency. The results of the study also reveal that translation of the Spanish gerund into Czech is closely related to the conversion of the analytic language structure into the syntactic one. Therefore, some of the specific characteristics of translation of the gerund into Czech might be assigned to the concurrence of two typologically different languages.
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Syntax of the Czech Translation of J.R.R. Tolkien's Work
Kakešová, Věra ; Janovec, Ladislav (advisor) ; Chejnová, Pavla (referee)
v anglickém jazyce The diploma thesis Syntax of the Czech Translation of J. R. R. Tolkien's Work is based on a comparative linguistic study concentrated on the Czech and English nonfinite verb forms and the possibilities of their usage. The thesis is founded on the analysis of selected grammatical features in John Ronald Reuel Tolkien's Silmarillion and The Hobbit, and their translations by Stanislava Pošustová and František Vrba. The examples of non-finite verb forms working as different sentence elements are preceded by a short theoretical introduction which is supposed to provide a background for the comparison of their usage. Similar examples are organized and analysed together. Within a single chapter the samples were sequenced according to the frequency in usage of the type of their translation. Apart from comparing the original with its translation it is also possible to see the differences between concrete realisations of one grammatical feature in English, and to take into account the differences between the work of the two translators. Key words Translation, infinitive, gerund, participle, syntax, Czech, English, Silmarillion, The Hobbit, Tolkien
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Gerundial and ing-participial clauses in written and spoken academic texts
Pajmová, Klára ; Malá, Markéta (advisor) ; Šaldová, Pavlína (referee)
This Master's thesis deals with the gerund and -ing participial clauses in written and spoken academic texts. The theoretical part defines the academic discourse and non-finite verb forms. Gerund and -ing participial constructions are further described regarding their forms and syntactic functions. The sources used for the research part are two corpora of contemporary academic British English: BASE and BAWE. BASE corpus contains transcripts of academic lectures. BAWE corpus is a collection of university-level students' writings. Both corpora contain texts from four different genres and moreover students' assignments are divided into four levels of study. For the purpose of the research part of our thesis, only the genre "Arts and Humanities" and the highest level of study will be taken into account. The practical part analyses the frequency of gerund and -ing participial clauses, frequency of verbs occurring in these constructions and collocations of these verbs. A detailed analysis aims at studying 100 sentences from written texts and 100 sentences from academic lectures. This sample is examined regarding the internal structure of each non-finite clause and its syntactic function. The final section summarizes the results or our research.
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Structural ambiguity based on the grammatical indeterminacy of the ing-nonfinite form in subject position
Vojtěch, Albert ; Malá, Markéta (advisor) ; Šaldová, Pavlína (referee)
This thesis deals with the structural ambiguity of constructions similar to Flying planes can be dangerous, where the ambiguity can arise due to the grammatical indeterminacy of ing- nonfinite form that can be interpreted both as gerund and participle. The ambiguity is analysed on the basis of the transitivity of ing-nonfinite form and subsequently on its semantic compatibility with the noun in the role of subject and object, in the ideal case the ambiguity and compatibility is tested further in the sentence context. The first part, the theoretical background presents us with what the secondary sources say to the phenomenon of ambiguity, distinguishes the types of ambiguity and also covers the grammatical description of non-finite verb forms. The Second part, material and method, describes the method of sampling, which brought us 2 samples extracted from British National Corpus. First sample comprises of 25 instances of "ing-nonfinite form + noun + verb constructions" (sg/pl, type of verb and verb tense are not restricted) and the second sample comprises of 100 instances of similar constructions, however the verb following the noun has been restricted on formal grounds for verb tense, verb type and number in order not to represent a hindrance for the ambiguity. The third, analytical part comprises...
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Syntax of the Czech Translation of J.R.R. Tolkien's Work
Kakešová, Věra ; Janovec, Ladislav (advisor) ; Chejnová, Pavla (referee)
v anglickém jazyce The diploma thesis Syntax of the Czech Translation of J. R. R. Tolkien's Work is based on a comparative linguistic study concentrated on the Czech and English nonfinite verb forms and the possibilities of their usage. The thesis is founded on the analysis of selected grammatical features in John Ronald Reuel Tolkien's Silmarillion and The Hobbit, and their translations by Stanislava Pošustová and František Vrba. The examples of non-finite verb forms working as different sentence elements are preceded by a short theoretical introduction which is supposed to provide a background for the comparison of their usage. Similar examples are organized and analysed together. Within a single chapter the samples were sequenced according to the frequency in usage of the type of their translation. Apart from comparing the original with its translation it is also possible to see the differences between concrete realisations of one grammatical feature in English, and to take into account the differences between the work of the two translators. Key words Translation, infinitive, gerund, participle, syntax, Czech, English, Silmarillion, The Hobbit, Tolkien
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Verbal -ing forms: their functions and translation counterparts
Čepelíková, Monika ; Šaldová, Pavlína (advisor) ; Malá, Markéta (referee)
The present thesis focuses on the verbal -ing forms in the written language and their Czech translation counterparts. The theoretical part describes the morphologic and the syntactic features of the verbal -ing forms, their basic distinctions and a brief description of complex condensation, which is a result of the use of non-finite verb forms in both languages. The aim of the practical part is to analyze the use and the functions of verbal -ing forms in modern English fiction and the Czech translation counterparts: each of the two original texts will be compared with its two different Czech translations published in the intervals from early 1930's to 2004. The analysis presents a brief description of the development of modern Czech translation approaches to English verbal -ing forms, the common tendencies and individual translation solutions in contemporary Czech translations.
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Semantic differences in the use of gerund and present participle in French
Kalinová, Olga ; Nádvorníková, Olga (advisor) ; Duběda, Tomáš (referee)
Semantic differences in the use of gerund and present participle in French The objective of this memory is to systematize and expand the field of semantic differences between the gerund and the present participle in French. The departing point is that these -ant forms are two completely separate and independent grammatical forms from the morphological, syntactic and semantic points of view. These differences will be explained in the theoretical part of the work. Grammatical switching between these two forms is possible only when the present participle has the épithète détachée function. Unlike traditional French grammar, we assume that in this case there is a fine difference in meaning when gerund and present participle commute in sentences with identical environments. Our hypothesis, based on the approach of Saskia Kindt, consists in the difference in expression of intentionality. The empirical part will present the methodology for verifying the hypothesis and results from analysis of the corpus Frantext and questionnaire survey of native speakers. We would expect that the gerund will have the tendency to mark intentionality, while the present participle will be able to express non-intentional nuance in sentences with identical environment. By the explanation of the results, we will try to...
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Gerundial and ing-participial clauses in written and spoken academic texts
Pajmová, Klára ; Malá, Markéta (advisor) ; Šaldová, Pavlína (referee)
This Master's thesis deals with the gerund and -ing participial clauses in written and spoken academic texts. The theoretical part defines the academic discourse and non-finite verb forms. Gerund and -ing participial constructions are further described regarding their forms and syntactic functions. The sources used for the research part are two corpora of contemporary academic British English: BASE and BAWE. BASE corpus contains transcripts of academic lectures. BAWE corpus is a collection of university-level students' writings. Both corpora contain texts from four different genres and moreover students' assignments are divided into four levels of study. For the purpose of the research part of our thesis, only the genre "Arts and Humanities" and the highest level of study will be taken into account. The practical part analyses the frequency of gerund and -ing participial clauses, frequency of verbs occurring in these constructions and collocations of these verbs. A detailed analysis aims at studying 100 sentences from written texts and 100 sentences from academic lectures. This sample is examined regarding the internal structure of each non-finite clause and its syntactic function. The final section summarizes the results or our research.
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