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Co-cultivation of carotenogenic yeasts and cyanobacteria on selected food wastes
Kodajek, Matěj ; Márová, Ivana (referee) ; Szotkowski, Martin (advisor)
Cyanobacteria and yeast are microorganisms, that are cultivated in the biotechnological industry to produce biomass. Biomass contains several organic substances, that are used in the food, pharmaceutical or energy industries. This thesis deals with the joint cultivation (co-cultivation) of cyanobacteria and yeast on food waste. The cyanobacteria Synechococcus nidulans, Synechococcus bigranulatus, Anabaena torulosa and Spirulina were used for co-cultivation with yeast Rhodotorula kratochvilovae and Rhodotorula toruloides. Cultivation media included following food wastes: coffee oil, hemp oil, frying oil, molasses, molasses hydrolyzate, whey, whey hydrolyzate and waste glycerol. In the theoretical part is a comprehensive literature research focused on cyanobacteria, yeasts, and their specific genera, monitored metabolites, co-cultivation, food waste and analytical methods. The experimental part contains a list of used chemicals, devices, aids, strains, and descriptions of procedures for the cultivation of microorganisms, isolation, and analysis of biomass. The aim of the thesis was to do screening cultivations, to find suitable strains of microorganisms for symbiotic co-cultivation and to find a suitable food waste. Following co-cultivation in a semi-operational laboratory bioreactor. Analysis the obtained biomass using gas and liquid chromatography and evaluation the results.
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Food waste in households and retail store
NOVÁ, Vlasta
This thesis deals with the issue of food waste in households and retail stores. It focuses on the causes of food waste, possibilities for reduction and ways of dealing with this waste. The work includes research at the level of households and retail establishments. The used methods are based on a quantitative approach, questionnaire surveys are carried out. The obtained results are compared with the results of international research as part of the evaluation of the research questions. At the end of the thesis, there are recommendations that could lead to a reduction of food waste in households and retail.
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Food Waste and the Shopping and Consumer Behaviour of Czech Households – Food 2022
Hanzlová, Radka
In its special ‘Food 2022’ survey the Public Opinion Research Centre at the Institute of Sociology, Czech Academy of Sciences, examined the Czech public’s attitudes and opinions on the issue of food waste.\nAlmost half (47%) of the respondents consider food waste to be a big problem, more than two-fifths (44%) think food waste is not right, but there are more urgent problems that need to be solved and only less than one-tenth (9%) of the Czech public does not consider food waste to be a big problem in society.\nThe most important reason for reducing food waste according to respondents is to save money for their household (77%), while the least important reason is to change society through their behaviour (29%).\nThe majority (54%) of respondents go shopping several times a week, while about a quarter (26%) go shopping once a week. 13% of respondents shop every day.
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Disposal of Visually Imperfect Vegetables and Fruits as One of the Forms of Food Wasting – Food 2022
Hanzlová, Radka
In a special study called Food 2022, CVVM SOÚ AV ČR asked for the opinions and attitudes of the Czech public on the issue of food wasting. One part was focused on the purchase of imperfect fruits and vegetables. \nIf there were imperfect and perfectly shaped pieces of fruits and vegetables placed next to each other, 65% of the respondents would chose the perfect one, provided they had the same price.\nAccording to the Czech public, the European Union standards (34%) and the standards of supermarkets (28%) have a decisive influence on the desired appearance of fruit and vegetables that reach the shelves of supermarkets and chains.\nAs for the estimate of the amount of fruits and vegetables that do not reach consumers at all due to their appearance, the correct share (i.e. 20 to 30%) was estimated by more than two-fifths (41%) of the respondents.
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Food Waste and the Shopping and Consumer Behaviour of Czech Households – Food 2021
Hanzlová, Radka
In its special ‘Food 2021’ survey the Public Opinion Research Centre at the Institute of Sociology, Czech Academy of Sciences, examined the Czech public’s attitudes and opinions on the issue of food waste. More than two fifths (43%) of people believe that food waste is a big problem, while another approximately two-fifths (42%) believe that food waste is wrong but there are more urgent problems that need solving, and around one-seventh (14%) do not consider food waste to be a problem in society. A more than one-half majority (53%) of respondents go shopping for food several times a week, one-quarter (25%) go grocery shopping once a week, and 10% of respondents shop every day. The Czech public believe that food services are the biggest source of food waste, and that food production contributes the least to food waste. These results, however, are very different from EU estimates on this issue.
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Study of the effect of fertilizer containing wheat bran on lettuce growth
Smrčková, Kamila ; Pořízka, Jaromír (referee) ; Diviš, Pavel (advisor)
The aim of the work was to perform growth experiments on a laboratory scale with soil, which was enriched with 2,5 vol. % of wheat bran/coffee grounds/biochar and to study soil and growth characteristics on Lactuca sativa L. The coffee grounds were added raw or modified by oxidation/extraction. Phytotoxic properties of coffee grounds were confirmed by germination tests, although there was an effort to reduce the content of phenolic substances by oxidation /extraction. Soil additives caused an increase in content of organic matter, water capacity, pH and conductivity of all mixtures compared to the control soil. Elemental analysis of soils before cultivation did not show any positive effect on the content of mineral elements compared to the control soil. On the other hand, higher mineral (P, Mg, Ca, K, Mn, Fe, Cu and Al) content compared to soil was recorded cultivation experiments. Chlorophyll a was the most abundant in cultivated plants and reached the lowest concentration in plants grown in a mixture with EXKS. Salads differed in mineral content, too. Salads with the highest content of phosphorus were growed on the mixture BU+OT+PŮDA. On the contrary, content of potassium is salads was negatively affected by mixture with EXKS. Microelements (Fe, Zn, Al, Cu, Cr and Mn) were most affected in the salad by the addition of raw coffee grounds and OXKS2.
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Quantification of food waste in municipal waste and the possibility of processing this waste
Orságová, Marie ; Pořízka, Jaromír (referee) ; Diviš, Pavel (advisor)
The theoretical study of anaerobic digestion is designed to predict the amount of biogas in food waste. The theoretical part characterizes the processing of biodegradable waste as well as the use of biogas and the calculation method for determining biogas production. In the experimental part, the analytical technique of inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was used to determine minerals (K, Ca, P, Mg, Na, Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn) in food waste, as well as elemental analysis for carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen determination. This thesis provides a simplified model that predicts the amount of produced biogas and could be used for further feasibility studies, such as bioreactors dimensioning. The method can be used for different starting materials and repeated for other similar applications in an effort to extend anaerobic digestion systems as a source of clean energy.
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Sink disposers and theirs importance in biological degradable waste removal.
Amemori, Anna ; Benešová, Libuše (advisor) ; Doležalová, Markéta (referee)
Some 30 - 50 % of municipal solid waste (MSW) is biodegradable waste. Most of this waste is sent to landfills or incinerated and is not recovered. According to Waste Management Plan of Czech Republic based on the Landfill Directive of EU, Czech Republic should to reduce weight of biodegradable waste sent to lanndfills to 75 % in 2010 and 35 % in 2020 compared with the amount that had been landfilled in 1995. In rural areas biodegradable waste is fed to animals or treated by home composting. However in urban areas the collection of separated biowaste is problem for a long time. Food waste disposers (FWDs) presents interesting alternative for the biowaste disposal. They enable the separation of food waste at source by shreding it in a kitchen sink. FWDs utilize existing infrastructure of sewer system to transport shreded wastes to wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). Wastes can be disposed in WWTPs by anaerobic digestion - the best method for disposal of food waste of animal origin. This work concentrates on literature research of studies about feasibility of FWD as a instrument for biodegradable waste removal and compares arguments for and against using of FWDs in households. Majority of studies shows no complications in sewer system and on WWTP after instalation of FWDs. Energetic and hydraulic consumption...
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