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The Value of Political Connections: Evidence from the Czech Republic
Palanský, Miroslav ; Janský, Petr (advisor) ; Gregor, Martin (referee)
The Value of Political Connections: Evidence from the Czech Republic Miroslav Palanský Abstract This thesis estimates the value of political connections in the Czech Republic and it is divided into two parts. The first one explores the recently extended, most advanced publicly available data set on political party financing in the Czech Republic, covering the time period 1995-2015. We analyze basic patterns in party funding and their development over time. We focus primarily on private funding from both legal and natural persons. The data show that there exists substantial heterogeneity in the volume of private funding across parties and over time, but contributions from the government budget remain the most important source of income for all larger parties. We analyze the available data on donations and discuss several issues regarding the notion that donors may view contributions as investment, yielding possible profits in the future. In the second part, we use the data set of corporate donations to construct a proxy variable for political connections and to estimate the effect of being connected to a political party on the financial performance of such firms. We find that the connected firms perform significantly better than the non- connected ones in the years following the establishment of the...
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Policy capacities of Czech political parties in the field of financing of political parties
Mottl, Václav ; Novotný, Vilém (advisor) ; Klimešová, Magdalena (referee)
Political parties are fundamental to the functioning of a democratic state. Through them all citizens of the country are being influenced. To work properly, however, the political parties need to gather various sources. Currently, the main source are financial contributions, namely from the state but also from private entities. Financing of political parties, in the form in which it is now, became due to various political corruption scandals subject of discussion. Over time, there has been a transformation of the social climate and calls for changes of the existing rules for financing of political parties have appeared. This bachelor thesis deals with the expert capacities of political parties focusing on their financing. Specifically, expert capacities of Czech political parties ČSSD, Strana Zelených and ANO 2011 are being examined. Nevertheless, the project Rekonstrukce státu is also included, as it is one of the actors influencing this field. This paper deals with how propositions about the issue of financing are being developped within political parties. Who influences shaping those propositions? And how this issue has historically developped?
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Legal regulation of the position of political parties
Šálek, Stanislav ; Jirásková, Věra (advisor) ; Kudrna, Jan (referee)
The presented thesis deals with political parties and especially with their legal regulation. However, the thesis does not only use the legal statutes and theirs provisions, but it also aspire to set the existence and the action of political parties into a wider context, which is provided the political science. The subject of the thesis is restricted to the Czech Republic (respectively to its contemporary national territory and to political parties, which existed or are existing within this territory). That's why the statutory regulation of political parties' position is set into the context of czech constitutional law order as well. Concurrently, only selected aspects of existence and action of political parties are carefully analysed. In spite of that, the thesis provides a basic overview of general legal regulation of political parties in the Czech Republic. This thesis consists of four chapters. The first chapter pursues historical development of political parties' phenomenon in territory of contemporary Czech Republic It does so by characterizing of political parties themselves (including the enumeration of the most important ones of them), and further by regarding to their legal regulation in specific historical periods, which preceded the enactment of contemporary valid legal regulation of...
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Political Reform in Russia under the Rule of Vladimir Putin: Law on Political Parties and its Influence on Political Opposition
Hosenseidlová, Petra ; Šír, Jan (advisor) ; Kubát, Michal (referee)
The thesis Political Reform in Russia under the Rule of Vladimir Putin:Law on Political Parties and its Influence on Political Opposition deals with the impact of the aforesaid law on Russia's opposition parties during Putin's presidency, i. e. in the period between enacting this law in 2001 and 2008. It focuses on then three main opposition parties, namely Communist Party of the Russian Federation, Union of Right Forces and Yabloko. It analyzes the impact of the aforesaid law on the opposition parties in the following three areas of activity: registration; financing; and participation in the political process as exemplified through the elections for the State Duma in 2003. The analysis allows us to conclude that the impact of the aforesaid law was lower than conventionally believed. That said, however, does not mean that the ruling regime would not seek to severely curtail the parties standing in opposition to President Putin. It did so using predominantly other methods, such as dirty election campaigns, targeted crackdown on the opposition's key sponsor, and administrative interference with the election process.
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Financing Political Parties in Germany – the Case of Political Foundations
Paul, Sebastian ; Vymětal, Petr (advisor) ; Ondráčka, David (referee)
The thesis analyzes the current German political situation in terms of party financing. In particular, the special role that political foundations play in this connection and what influence they have on German political parties, decision makers and German politics in general, shall be examined. Political foundations are playing an important role in party financing and some of them are even operating internationally. Exactly what role they play is still not well known by the German public and many reports related to this topic do not exist. One of the main concerns of the thesis will consequently be on corruption and lobbying in the German political system.
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Financing of political parties and party patronage in Czech Republic
Novotný, Petr ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Němec, Jan (referee)
This thesis proceeds with my bachelor's thesis Financing of Political Parties in Czech Republic. Party patronage is additional field of study of how political parties work in real life. We can analyze different factors while studying party patronage such as the overlap or intrusion of political parties in state administration, the way how patronage is practised and it's criteria, similarly to studying the way how party financing influences for example electoral outcomes. I will point out main theoretical approach to this relatively new field of studies and its methological foundations. I will devote a seprate chapter to a non-existing Law on Public Service and see whether this should be enacted or not.
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Financing of political parties in the Czech Republic
Novotný, Petr ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Němec, Jan (referee)
How can funding of political parties affect the outcome of elections? What impact has the legislation on financing political parties on political system? Is it possible that the government's political parties using this scheme remain in power? I will bring in this work the current theoretical background by leading experts on financing of political parties, as well as a separate chapter on giving patterns, showing signs of functionality and portability to other political systems. Finally, I will analyze trends of legislative funding of political parties in the Czech Republic, the current adjustment and its impact on the Czech political system. In all areas, I will try to identify the basic areas of problems and dilemmas. I will outline possible solutions where appropriate, to which I result of studying the theory, or of my own invention. In conclusion the objective of such analysis is to monitor and verify the following hypotheses. 1. Amendments to legislation are intended to enhance the transparency of the financing of political parties and to prevent corrupt behavior. 2. The funding of political parties tends to strengthen their cartelization, i.e. making access of political parties outside the establishment to high politics difficult. 3. The legislation meets the basic requirements placed on it, its implementation is feasible and its compliance is enforceable. The keywords are: the funding of political parties, (mainland) horizontal contribution, (Canadian) system of tax credits, (German) matching funds, contribution to the work, contribution to the electoral costs, contribution to the mandate, the Constitutional Court.
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