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The establishment of invariable behaviour of rats in novel one-trial trace association task (OTTAT)
Alexová, Daniela ; Stuchlík, Aleš (advisor) ; Telenský, Petr (referee)
Animal episodic-like memory tasks represent important component of episodic memory research. However, currently available episodic-like memory tasks are not based on episodic-like memory or encompass important caveats. In our laboratory, we recently devised a novel one-trial trace association task (OTTAT) to examine one-time associations of temporally discontinuous stimuli. This thesis deals with the improvement of OTTAT protocol by rat strain and compartment divider ('doors') selection which optimally promote the establishment of invariable behaviour of rats in OTTAT. Moreover, the accuracy of one-trial associations is also assessed by determining specificity of "rapid escape" response to conditioned stimulus of given sound characteristics. In Experiment 1, rats (Sprague-Dawley (SD), n = 36; Wistar (WI), n = 17; Long-Evans (LE), n = 8) were habituated 15 min daily for 3 days with standard doors (9 x 11 cm opening) to modified light and dark apparatus. The number of transfers between compartments and values of time spent in dark compartment obtained from 3rd habituation session were evaluated as indicators of invariable behaviour of rats. We found WI rats spend significantly more time in dark compartment than LE (p = 0.002) and SD rats (p = 0.001) and have significantly fewer transfers than LE rats...
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Comparison of episodic memory research approaches in human, from the viewpoint of cognitive psychology and neuroscience.
Kočí, Markéta ; Vlček, Kamil (advisor) ; Červená, Kateřina (referee)
Episodic memory allows a person to recall events of one's personal past. During the retrieval, memory is re-experienced as a vivid imaginary experience, accompanied by a rich temporo-spatial context and autonoetic consciousness - awareness of the self. Further episodic memory characteristics are captured in its several models. Some of them focus on the encoding, consolidation and retrieval processes, other on the spatial context, time duration of events, autobiographical context or characteristic feelings during retrieval. The models differ in some aspects and converge in other aspects, and given together they provide general view on episodic memory approaches.
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Normative Study Of A Memory Test "FCSRT-IR" in Older Population
Horáková, Karolína ; Georgi, Hana (advisor) ; Kulišťák, Petr (referee)
The diploma thesis is focused on standardization of the neuropsychological test The Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test with Immediate Recall (FCSRT-IR), this test is a one of memory tests which contains phase with controlled learning. In the theoretical part it deals with aging and cognitive functions especially memory, further episodic memory test especially FCSRT-IR and its administration and benefits of this test against other episodic memory tests. In the practical part of this diploma thesis we report norms based on population in age 60 years and older (N= 362; range of age from 61 to 97), the norms are based on National Normative Study of Cognitive Determinants of Healthy Ageing which took place from 2012 to 2015 (IGA NT13145) and the author of this diploma thesis was a member of its team. In the second part of this thesis we deal with validation study which was conducted on population of people with dementia in Alzheimer's disease (N= 37; range of age from 61 to 88) comparing with healthy control group. In this validation study we confirmed that FCSRT-IR is a sensitive method for detection dementia in Alzheimer's disease. Keywords: Episodic memory, FCSRT-IR, controlled learning, norms, validation
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Episodic-like memory changes during aging
Čechová, Kateřina ; Vlček, Kamil (advisor) ; Stehlík, Luděk (referee)
The Diploma thesis is concerned with the human episodic-like memory and its changes during the course of healthy ageing. Episodic memory represents a memory of specific events and their spatiotemporal relations, involving conscious retrieval and mental time travel. As a testable analogy in animals, a concept of episodic-like memory has been suggested and defined as a memory of spatiotemporal location of a certain event in the past ("what-where-when"). Firstly, we focused on a methodological comparison of standard psychological tests of episodic memory and a novel non-verbal computer-based Episodic-Like Memory Test (EMT) with several variants of varying difficulty, capable of discerning the memory for pictures, their sequence and position (Vlček et al., 2009). The second goal of our study was to demonstrate the applicability of the concept of episodic-like memory ("what- where-when") as a model in the testing of human episodic memory. Compared with other tests of episodic memory, EMT test does not depend on the verbalization of content. Contrasting the results obtained from EMT and other standard tests was, therefore, of interest. The results from the EMT test were compared across three age cohorts (N = 58; young, middle-aged, aged) of healthy volunteers. In the spatial domain of episodic-like...
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Generating life episodes for the purpose of testing of episodic memory models
Běhan, Zdeněk ; Kadlec, Rudolf (advisor) ; Bída, Michal (referee)
The goal of this work is to create a generator that provides a corpora of input episodes in the specified format, which can be used as an input to test episodic memory models. More specifically, the methods used should ensure the scope to be in years up to a possible lifetime of a typical human agent. It also attempts to verify this on an actual episodic memory model, and test if the generated data has high enough quality to be used for testing psychological paradigms on memory models.
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Abstract tasks in birds - spatial vs non-spatial tasks
Janská, Iveta ; Landová, Eva (advisor) ; Vlček, Kamil (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to compare spatial cognitive tasks (radial maze and analogs, geometry and features) and non-spatial abstract cognitive task (concept formation and categorization, transitive inference) in birds. Because each of tasks have different testing methods they are compared according to method types in separate thematic groups, which are discussed each other. The extension of this thesis on theories derived from human psychology such as self-recognition, episodic-like memory, and theory of mind.
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