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Biological terrorism in the context of the current global situation
TRSKOVÁ, Veronika
The diploma thesis deals with bioterrorism and current Covid-19 pandemic. The aim of the work is to analyse information and knowledge concerning bioterrorism and to analyse the level of concerns of civilians over transmission of Covid-19 in the South Bohemian Region. The work is divided into two parts. In the first theoretical part the history of biological weapons in wars and for terrorist purposes is described there. Furthermore, I am going to introduce different forms of biological weapons, for example terms such as biological warfare or biological crime. I am then going to divide b-agents, introduce bacteria, virus, fungi and their types. The general division of b-agents is followed by the description of transmission of biological agents and of the way they enter the body. Finally, we are going to focus on decontamination, combat order and model action activity of IRS units during joint intervention. The second and theoretical part defines methods and goals of the research and the results that are graphically depicted to be well arranged. The results are then described in the discussion. The main aim of the work was to analyse information and knowledge concerning bioterrorism and to analyse the level of corners of civilians from transmission of Covid-19 in the South Bohemian Region. To confirm or to disprove a given hypothesis was another part of the goal. The hypothesis reads as follows: University graduates will have statistically much higher knowledge concerning given issues than people who have not completed higher education. A questionnaire construction was used to gain the data. 212 respondents took part in the questionnaire construction. The research confirmed the hypothesis that university graduates would have statistically much higher knowledge concerning given issues than people who have not completed higher education. A measure that could deepen the knowledge in this area was offered at the end of the thesis.
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Protection against weapons of mass destruction in the Army of the Czech Republic.
MYSLÍK, Karel
The bachelor thesis describes chemical warfare agents. The theoretical part contains general characteristics of weapons of mass destruction and combat, chemical, nuclear and biological weapons. Features classification, types, and effects of chemical warfare agents. This part is followed by a chapter that describes the history and development of chemical warfare agents before and after 1989. The following is the area of chemical warfare agents, which describes the means of protection of respiratory organs, body surface and means of detection of these substances, which are in currently used for all-army units of the Army of the Czech Republic. The next part of the work is devoted to the area of providing first aid in the event of being hit by a chemical warfare agent. Defines the history, means of antidotes and the decontamination process. The last chapter presents the legislation on weapons of mass destruction, which highlights some important documents concerning the ban on the use, possession, production, storage and proliferation of all types of weapons of mass destruction. These are the Geneva Protocol, the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and the Biological and Chemical Weapons Conventions. The second part of the work contains analytical research, which dealt with the current readiness of professional soldiers in the units of the Army of the Czech Republic. A form of questionnaire survey was chosen to carry out the research, where several specific questions dealing with this issue were created for the area of protection against weapons of mass destruction. The aim of creating the questionnaire was to find out the current knowledge of the soldiers of the Army of the Czech Republic and to obtain an answer to the research question whether the Army of the Czech Republic is adequately prepared for the threat in the form of weapons of mass destruction. Two hundred and forty professional soldiers from four military units took part in the research survey. The results of the survey were processed into tables and then graphically represented. The conclusion summarizes the issues and knowledge in the field of weapons of mass destruction in the Army of the Czech Republic.
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Decontamination measures in selected external emergency plans for release of hazardous substances in the Pardubice region.
VAŠÁTKOVÁ, Klára
The subject of this dissertation is decontamination measures in the selected external emergency plans with the leakage of hazardous substances in the Pardubice region. This issue is topical because the industrial production with hazardous substances is constantly growing and expanding. This increases the probability of leakage of these hazardous substances and the risk of a negative impact on human health and environmental damage. The aim of the work was to analyze and evaluate the decontamination measures taken in external emergency plans with leakage of hazardous substances in the Pardubice region and to assess the emergency preparedness of selected companies in terms of decontamination in external emergency plans with leakage of hazardous substances in the Pardubice region. The data obtained from the research were analyzed and compared with each other according to the set criteria. Based on the results, additional procedures and information were proposed that the external emergency plan, in the section on decontamination, should contain and include. The research was carried out using the method of calculating the "preparedness index", which determines the completeness and complexity of information in decontamination measures in selected external emergency plans with the release of hazardous substances in the Pardubice Region. It was found that decontamination measures contain incomplete information, often only theoretical and therefore unusable for decontamination measures in case of leakage of hazardous substances in practice. The dissertation can serve the Regional Office of the Pardubice Region, which can use the topics contained in this work to complete the decontamination measures in the external emergency plan.
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Tasks and duties of voluntary fire brigade units of the village in the protection of population
PETŘEKOVÁ, Daniela
The aim of the work was to conduct research in the field of population protection focused on the tasks and activities of units of the voluntary fire brigade of municipalities. For this purpose, the study of laws, decrees and professional literature focusing on the protection of the population was used together with the use of information obtained from the Fire Rescue Corps of the South Bohemian Region, the Institute of Population Protection, the study of Population Protection with a focus on CBRNE at the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice and websites focusing on this area. In the theoretical part of the diploma thesis, the relevant laws, other legal regulations, professional literature and other information sources in the field of population protection were analyzed. These include warning and informing the population, evacuation, hiding, decontamination and individual protection. Information on selected emergencies is also described here. In the practical part, records of excursions at the Institute of Population Protection in Lázně Bohdaneč, training of commanders of units of the voluntary fire brigade of municipalities in the South Bohemian Region and expert consultations with members of the Fire Rescue Corps of the South Bohemian Region and selected members of the volunteer fire brigade of Dubičné. Within the practical part, cooperation was established with the authors of selected Internet sources, who provided consent to the inclusion of the QR code of their site in the practical part. Through the Statistical Monitoring of Events, the activity of units of the voluntary fire brigade of municipalities in the protection of the population was evaluated. A set was created that will enable the education of members of the units of the voluntary fire brigade of municipalities in the field of protection of the population together with the support of the activities of the members of the units in the performance of the given tasks.
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Treatment of mine waters rich in arsenic
Řáhová, Jaroslava ; Drahota, Petr (advisor) ; Kindlová, Helena (referee)
Summary: This bachalor thesis deals with treatment of mine waters rich in arsenic. First part is an overview of decontamination methods used for elimination of arsenic from water. Emphasised parts are focused on arsenic adsorption on Fe-oxides and hydroxides, particles which may be formed in mine waters; as well as on ODAS treatment system, widely used for mine waters decontamination. The experimental part is a study of decontamination process at mine treatment plant waters in Kaňk, Kutná hora. Extremely high concentrations of arsenic (77,72 mg/L) are found in acid mine drainage from closed Turkaňk mine. Results of this thesis signifies incorporation of arsenic and other elements dissolved in mine water into secondary forming Fe-oxyhydroxides within decontamination process.
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Infectious waste management at regional level
Martinek, Karel ; Pavlas, Martin (referee) ; Máša, Vítězslav (advisor)
Současná pandemická situace ukázala obrovské dopady rozšíření infekce na společnost, i přesto stále ještě chybí jednotný přístup k problematice infekčního odpadu. Cílem této práce je představení metodiky nakládání s infekčním odpadem v rámci regionu v kontextu situace v Česku a Evropské Unii. V teoretické části práce je uveden legislativní rámec, charakter produkce, možnosti dekontaminace a podmínky spalování infekčního odpadu. Na základě těchto poznatků je navržena metodika pro nakládání s infekčním odpadem v rámci regionu. V praktické části práce je pak metodika aplikována na konkrétní region – Královéhradecký kraj. V rámci metodiky jsou navrženy možné scénáře nakládání s infekčním odpadem a vybrány nejvhodnější z nich z pohledu zdravotních rizik, rozpočtové zátěže a dopadu na životní prostředí. Na závěr je metodika kriticky zhodnocena a srovnána s metodikami jiných studií na podobné téma.
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Study of the photodynamic inactivation of prions by phthalocyanines.
Kostelanská, Marie ; Holada, Karel (advisor) ; Zimčík, Petr (referee) ; Kolářová, Hana (referee)
Transmissive spongiform encephalopathies, also called prion disorders, are fatal neurodegenerative diseases affecting mammals. In patients, the pathological prion protein (PrPTSE ) accumulates in CNS and causes death. Prions possess high binding affinity to surfaces. Moreover, they are highly resistant to conventional sterilization procedures which rise the risk of nosocomial transmission from patients in subclinical stage of prion disease through medical tools. In the thesis, we evaluate the efficiency of photodynamic inactivation (PDI) for prion decontamination. The PDI is induced by photoactivation of phthalocyanine (Pc) derivates AlPcOH(SO3)2, SiPc(OH)2(SO3)1-3 or ZnPc(SO3)1-3. Pc exposed to light generate reactive oxygen species, mainly singlet oxygen (O2(1 ∆g)). Production of O2(1 ∆g) in aqueous solution was confirmed by iodide method, quenching by NaN3 and oxidative degradation of uric acid. The photoactivation of Pc in infectious brain homogenate led to elimination of PrPres signal (= proteinase K-resistant PrPTSE fragment) below the detection limit of western blot by using nanomolar AlPcOH(SO3)2 concentration. The complete elimination of PrPres signal was accompanied with total protein concentration decrease by a maximum of 20% in brain homogenate No signs of protein fragmentation or...
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