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Investigating associations of saproxylic beetles with forest structure through the analysis of species composition and feeding guilds
KOZEL, Petr
The thesis contains studies focusing on various forest biotopes of Central Europe and saproxylic beetles as a model group for forest ecology research. In the review, current knowledge about the threats for forest biota, mainly saproxylic beetles are discussed in the context of species composition and trait-based approach. Various stages of succession in the patches of disturbed forests, their connectivity, the introduction non-native tree species, and the assessment of feeding guilds using stable isotopes are studied in the relation to saproxylic beetles in separate chapters.
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Structural and functional connectivity assessment in patients with Parkinson's disease
Klobušiaková, Patrícia ; Keller, Jiří (referee) ; Mekyska, Jiří (advisor)
Early changes in visuospatial functions predict dementia in Parkinson’s disease (PD). The aim of this work is to assess both structural and functional connectivity of the fasciculus longitudinalis inferior (ILF), which is engaged in visuospatial processing, in PD patients in comparison to healthy controls, and to find associations between connectivity changes and cognitive performance in the patient groups with or without mild cognitive impairment (MCI). To achieve our goal we recruited PD patients with normal cognition (PD-NC, n = 23) and PD with MCI (PD-MCI, n = 21) as well as healthy controls (HC, n = 48). Bidirectional iterative parcellation was used to isolate ILF tracts and their respective endpoints (occipital lobe and anterior temporal lobe) in each subject. The endpoints then served as regions of interest for functional connectivity calculation. We found ILF microstructural connectivity impairment in PD-MCI group, as measured by mean diffusivity, fractional anisotropy and radial diffusivity. In addition, the functional connectivity of ILF tracts was decreased already in the PD-NC. Both structural and functional connectivity deterioration was associated with visuospatial dysfunction in PD-MCI. These changes could serve as potential markers of disease progression or treatment effects monitoring.
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Design conditions for a polygon specializing in autonomous vehicles
Trhlík, Tomáš ; Mazáč, Jan (referee) ; Hýzl, Petr (advisor)
The aim of this diploma thesis is the research of building polygons for the testing of autonomous vehicles, from the point of view of road technology and also designing aspects. In the thesis are mentioned 9 most important world test polygons and their description of design parameters. There are described particular stages of automation from foreign organizations which are concerned with research and development in the automotive industry. In addition, there are described basic advanced driver assistance systems and connectivity between vehicles and infrastructure. Conclusion also contains the assessment of existing aerodrome test areas for autonomous vehicles.
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Primary Architecture / Teaching Architecture Elements
Juřicová, Magdaléna ; Veselá, Markéta (referee) ; Ponešová, Barbora (advisor)
The thesis addresses the connection of the Faculty of Architecture and the Faculty of Fine Arts in the newly designed building. Both faculties are defined primarily by practical creation and corresponding elementary teaching spaces - studios. From these basic elements literally grows the final form of the school. The design process itself is accompanied by constant changes and the search for adequate spatial expression for individual functions of the school. The final solution is the result of gradual rationalisation, finding certainties and sticking points in the proposal. In the end, the barest, most elemental, is crystallized from a multitude of variations and reflections on space.
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Collective items
Tománek, Adam ; Magid, Václav (referee) ; Malý, Břetislav (advisor)
The topic "Collective items" is from personal experiences from various specific places of society and environment, for example construction sites, marketplaces, prefabricated housing estates. The symbol of this theme has become things for daily using, through which I recognized the interconnectedness of people from different classes of society. It fascinates me to watch people and look for their connections or divisions in certain situations. For example, as they meet in supermarket near store shelves, or they are clustering next to water tank during a water breakdown in a panel housing estate. I decided to work with this fascination because I see some overlap. The overlap is that people can be in different situations where they can be joined by one thing. Ordinary aspects of daily life are close to me because I was in similar situations or I am in them very often. The topic I will make in series of painting and installations. I chose the painting deliberately because I can capture a certain emotion with an existential dimension. Due to paintings, I can present to viewers my searching a connectivity between different groups of people.
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ISP Network Optimalization
Čech, Ondřej ; Podermański, Tomáš (referee) ; Grégr, Matěj (advisor)
Bachoelor's thesis is focusing on analysis of network local ISP, detecting actual problems and offering a solution for founded problems. There were problems with broadcast-storm, private address space, RSTP protocol settings and DHCP spoofing. The following changes were introduced: OSPF routing, RSTP override, automatic backup, client separation using DHCP. There has been a reduction in broadcast traffic and associated broadcast-storm.
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Software for patients and brain regions selection suitable for analysis of connectivity in fMRI
Slavíček, Tomáš ; Lamoš, Martin (referee) ; Jan, Jiří (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to create an exploratory tool for functional magnetic resonance imaging data, which allows quickly and easily making a selection of persons and areas suitable for group analysis of connectivity. In the first chapters of this work is mentioned history of brain research and comparison of methods used in functional imaging. Next they are discussed the theoretical basis of fMRI methods, such as the formation of BOLD signal, acquisition parameters of MRI images and methods for designing experiments. The following chapter describes in detail the analysis of recorded data from the pre-processing to the interpretation of results. The last chapter of the first part describes problems of group analysis in SPM8 software. The second half of this work is dedicated to the description of developed program from data input to saving the results, including detailed descriptions of key features. In conclusion, there is a chapter characterizing the application of developed program on real data from clinical studies, including the results and evaluation of the usability of program. The program will mainly be used in neuroscience research.
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Establishing Mutual Links among Brain Structures
Klimeš, Petr ; Hlinka,, Jaroslav (referee) ; Krajča,, Vladimír (referee) ; Halámek, Josef (advisor)
The Human brain consists of mutually connected neuronal populations that build anatomically and functionally separated structures. To understand human brain activity and connectivity, it is crucial to describe how these structures are connected and how information is spread. Commonly used methods often work with data from scalp EEG, with a limited number of contacts, and are incapable of observing dynamic changes during cognitive processes or different behavioural states. In addition, connectivity studies almost never analyse pathological parts of the brain, which can have a crucial impact on pathology research and treatment. The aim of this work is connectivity analysis and its evolution in time during cognitive tasks using data from intracranial EEG. Physiological processes in cognitive stimulation and the local connectivity of pathology in the epileptic brain during wake and sleep were analysed. The results provide new insight into human brain physiology research. This was achieved by an innovative approach which combines connectivity methods with EEG spectral power calculation. The second part of this work focuses on seizure onset zone (SOZ) connectivity in the epileptic brain. The results describe the functional isolation of the SOZ from the surrounding tissue, which may contribute to clinical research and epilepsy treatment.
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An investigation of novel electroceramic structures for new sensor applications
Nan, Bo ; Liedermann, Karel (referee) ; Milne, Steven (referee) ; Button, Timothy William (advisor)
Piezoelektrické keramické materiály jsou široce používány v mnoha aplikacích a průmyslových odvětvích, nicméně tradiční materiály obvykle obsahují olovo, které je toxické vůči životnímu prostředí. Většina zemí proto zavedla zákony a omezení, které postupně minimalizují spotřebu olova a podporují výzkum v oblasti bezolovnatých kompozic, které by nahradily olověné protějšky. Bezolovnatá piezoelektrická keramika se tak stala žhavým tématem v posledních letech. Nicméně výzkumy na praktické využití bezolovnatých piezoelektrických materiálů jsou jen zřídka publikovány. V této diplomové práci byl vybrán jeden z nadějných kandidátů na piezoelektrickou bezolovnatou keramiku (Ba0.85Ca0.15)(Zr0.1Ti0.9)O3 za účelem zkoumání metody snížení jeho vysoké teploty slinování pomocí dotování uhličitanem lithným, kde syntéza prášku byla připravená pomocí techniky sol-gel. Výsledky byly srovnány s konvenčním práškem syntetizovaným v pevné fázi. Vzorky vyrobené ze sol-gel prášku dopovaného 0.5% hmotn. uhličitanem lithným a slinované při 1300 °C po dobu 2 hodin vykazovaly d33 = 447 ± 9 pC N–1, teplotu Curie 98.7 °C a velikost zrn 7.0 ± 0.3 m. Další důležitou otázkou pro aplikace bezolovnatého piezoelektrického keramického materiálu je jeho výroba v různých konfiguracích. Použitím techniky odlévání pásky a aditivních výrobních postupů byla piezoelektrická keramika zpracována do tří různých konfigurací (2-2, 3-3 a 1-3), aby se překlenula mezera mezi materiálovými vědami a materiálovým inženýrstvím. Pro dolévání pásky byly použity suspenze na bázi oleje a vody. Pro přípravu neslinutých keramických fólií bez trhlin, byly pro odlévání na bázi oleje vyvinuty uhlíkové suspenze s obsahem pevných látek 25% hmotn. a BCZT suspenze s obsahem pevných látek 65% hmotn. Problém práškové hydrolýzy ve vodných suspenzích byl vyřešen povrchovou úpravou prášku Al(H2PO4)3, což umožnilo, aby byly tlusté vrstvy bez trhlin odlety v jednom kroku. Tlusté vrstvy slinované při 1500 °C vykazovaly relativní dielektrickou konstantu 1207, dielektrickou ztrátu 0.018 při 1 kHz, remanentní polarizaci 7.54 µC/cm2 a koercitivní síla intenzity pole (Ec) 0.23 kV/mm při 3 kV/mm. Pro tvarování BCZT v konfiguraci 3-3 a 1-3 byla použita přímá metoda tisknutí inkoustu. Pro správnou úpravu tiskového procesu byla použita inkoustová náplň s viskoelastickým chováním obsahující 41.6% obj. pevných látek BCZT a se zpracovatelskými přísadami (HPMC ~ 2.4% a PEI ~ 0.03%). Vzorky v konfiguraci 3-3, slinované při 1500 °C, vykazovaly nejvyšší dielektrické a piezoelektrické vlastnosti, kde Curieho teplota = 86 °C, tan = 0.021, remanentní polarizace = 4.56 µC/cm2 a d33 = 100 ± 4 pC/N. Vzorky v konfiguraci 1-3 slinované při 1500 °C, které byly smíchány s epoxidem, vykazovaly dielektrickou konstantu 144 a dielektrickou ztrátu 0.035 při 1 kHz. Tato práce popisuje tvarování bezolovnaté piezoelektrické keramiky s vynikajícími vlastnostmi v pokročilých strukturách jako krok k návrhu pro moderní senzorické a energy harvesting aplikace.
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