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Activities deepening mathematical pre-literacy of children in kindergarten
LIŠKOVÁ, Lenka
The aim of this thesis was to create a set of activities to deepen mathematical pre-literacy of children in kindergarten. The theoretical part summarizes the knowledge about preschool children, which have an influence on mathematical pre-literacy, especially the way of thinking and perception. Furthermore, the concept of mathematical pre-literacy is defined and its understanding in the Framework Education Program is mapped. The areas of mathematical pre-literacy and cognitive processes related to it are described. The traditional approach (according to Kaslova) is also compared with the ideas brought by the Hejny method. In the practical part is used mixed research. The first phase is a questionnaire survey, which is quantitatively evaluated. Its aim was to find out how a selected group of kindergarten teachers perceive mathematical pre literacy. On this basis, a set of activities was created on three different topics. It was tested by selected teachers who reflected their experience in writing. Reflections were qualitatively evaluated.
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Prevention of risky behavior of pupils in condition of inklusive education in second grade of primary school
Bečvářová, Zora ; Marádová, Eva (advisor) ; Kadrnožková, Monika (referee)
My thesis is focused on the prevention of challenging behaviour in inclusive education. The aim of the work is to describe prevention at a selected elementary school in Karovy Vary, with a focus on pupils with special educational needs. In the theoretical part prevention, challenging behaviour and the features of students with special educational needs are described. Several examples of challenging behaviour in the individual specific students and the prevention of this behaviour are also mentioned. In the practical part common prevention was studied. Later on, how the students with special educational needs participate in preventive activities, and eventually if they have some modifications. The study was performed at the second degree of the selected elementary school in Karlovy Vary. The research was done using analysis of documents, interviews and observations. It was ascertained that the prevention of challenging behaviour towards the mentioned student is not well elaborated. There are obvious only some indications of activity transformation and individualisation of prevetion.
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Public Interest Activities of Older Adults
Čepelka, Oldřich ; Vidovičová, Lucie (advisor) ; Dohnalová, Marie (referee) ; Koval, Štefan (referee)
Public interest activities of older adults The thesis focuses on the activities of older adults of the third age, especially on activities whose direct impacts go beyond the boundaries of family and personal interests and bring public benefit, i.e. benefit to municipalities, communities of interest or the whole society. How could society naturally use the potential represented by their knowledge, experience and skills? The thesis pursued three objectives: to theoretically and empirically investigate ordinary and public interest activities of the elderly as a contemporary social phenomenon, to identify motives, external factors and barriers to the realization of activities, and to propose an individual index of active old age. A concept of personal coping strategies of older adults was introduced and the so-called ideal, pure type of offensive, proactive strategy was proposed. The gerontological theories of activity, disengagement, and continuity, supported by several universal psychological theories, were discussed and interpretively linked to the issue of needs. Concepts such as public interest or activity, their classification, and operational definitions of diverse determinants and factors that influence the activities and attitudes of older adults were clarified. The empirical part of the work had an...
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Well-being in professional life of university teachers and design of activities for its improvement
Erlebachová, Kateřina ; Kočí, Jana (advisor) ; High, Radka (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the well-being of university teachers. The aim was to design activities that can be included in the lives of university teachers and improve their well-being. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part deals with both the definition of well-being and the explanation of various approaches to its definition. There is also a description of other theories, which contain components leading to optimal well-being. These theories are spiritual and cognitive well-being, some topics of positive psychology (physical health, social health, optimism, gratitude), Maslow's pyramid of needs, hygge and the Okinawan program. The theoretical part also explains the connection between work and well- being and introduces the risk factors of the teaching profession, such as stress and burnout syndrome. Finally, the work description of university teachers is introduced to present the number of activities that are necessary to perform this line of work. In the practical part, 42 activities are proposed. They are divided into eight chapters, according to the types of well- being proposed by Harvard University. These types of well-being are emotional, environmental, financial, intellectual, physical, relational, spiritual, and vocational well-being. Working...
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Engaging pre-school children in research: design and evaluation of participatory methods
Lněnička, Ondřej ; Přívratský, Vladimír (advisor) ; Vančata, Václav (referee)
The modern world is focused on children. We care much more about the right regime of our children, about hygiene and other aspects of their daily routine. So it is not surprising that many scientists start their recent projects on or with children. Anthropology is not an exception. This study creates a smaller part of a larger sleep research study which aims to investigate whether two community based social marketing campaigns influence parents' view of pre-school children sleep requirements and healthy sleep practices. This work targets directly pre-school children and wants to determine if we are able to educate children about healthy and right sleeping habits through specifically performed game based activities. The main aim of this study is to find out which games are useful for enhancing the results of the supreme Medical Anthropology research. Secondary aim is to solve what we can generally do for a better engagement of children in our research.
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