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Electoral Authoritarianism in Comparative Perspective of Southeast Asia
Mička, František ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Romancov, Michael (referee)
In the thesis "Electoral Authoritarianism in Comparative Perspective of Southeast Asia", while analyzing for cases of regime survival and fall, author develops the argument that certain subtypes of authoritarian regimes are better build to cope with change than others. Since the four cases are under new institutionalism generally classified as electoral authoritarianism, the text depicts some of the methodological problems related to this particular research perspective. Building on the systems approach and new institutionalism, the thesis analyzes the relation between institutional character of regime elite and its ability to cope with changes in the environment, i.e. adaptability. Author shows that at the time of crisis, personalistic regimes tend to react almost solely with repression a restrictions, whereas regimes with ruling parties exhibit a substantial degree of personal and policy flexibility, which positively informs their chances for survival. The conclusion also demonstrates the methodological weaknesses of regime typology based on the quality of electoral process. It diverts the attention from other features of regimes which significantly inform logic and inner dynamics of authoritarianism. As a result, under the banner of electoral authoritarianism, there are regimes which differ from each...
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Britain at Bay: The British Defence Policy between the World Wars
Svoboda, Ondřej ; Smetana, Vít (advisor) ; Váška, Jan (referee)
The purpose of the thesis "Britain at Bay: British Defence Policy between the World Wars" is to analyse the creation and application of defence policy of Great Britain and its Empire in the interwar period. The author tries to assess and interpret actions of individual government actors as well as actors outside the government. He argues that defence policy promoted by politicians, soldiers, and bureaucrats, was not always a mere result of rational reasoning. There were often cases of defending particular interests, decision-making influenced by emotions and misleading perception of the external world. One of the strongest limitations was Britain's economic frailty which influenced the British grand strategy in eminent and key way during the examined period. It is well demonstrated on the shift from almost unilateral disarmament after the First World War to the immense armament just a few months before the Second World War. Great emphasis is also put on individual armed branches which bore the main burden of Britain's and Imperial security. Therefore, it was important to pursue the internal development of the Army, Air Force and the Navy and their operational plans in which they had to deal with gradual emergence of three enemy powers at three different parts of the world. With regard to the...
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Political Systems of Malaysia and Singapore Through the Prism of Hybrid Regime Theory
Holík, Jiří ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Romancov, Michael (referee)
This graduate thesis comparatively analyzes key features of political systems of Malaysia and Singapore using the chosen concepts of hybrid regimes theory. In the first part, main conceptualizations of this theory are presented to be later critically assessed. What follows is a thorough comparative analysis of political systems of the countries in question using the concept of "chain of democratic choice" introduced by Andreas Schedler as a framework for analysis. Subsequently, operationalized concept of competitive authoritarianism by Steven Levitsky and Lucan Way is applied. The outcome of the analysis is the classification of Malaysia as competitive authoritarian while Singapore is classified as a case of hegemonic electoral authoritarian regime. As far as theory is concerned, the thesis argues that although hybrid regimes themselves cannot provide for a unique mid-range regime type, some concepts connected to the paradigm offer an appropriate tool for the study of nondemocratic regimes.
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Accumulation of foreign exchange reserves in selected Asian economies
Trulik, Jiří ; Brůna, Karel (advisor) ; Pour, Jiří (referee)
This thesis focuses on the analysis and description of the causes of trends in the accumulation of foreign exchange reserves in three selected Asian economies, China, Singapore and Hong Kong. In the analysis are examined selected factors whose relationship with the foreign reserves, based on their merits and in the work of this association subsequently investigated on empirical data, mainly from the balance of payments and the statement of net investment position to identify and specify the main causes of accumulation of foreign exchange reserves in individual economies. The general framework of work consists of the theories of international movement of capital, specifically called Lucas's paradox, whose presence adds insight about other possible causes of some capital flows.
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Soft power a zahraniční politika: nepodceňjeme nedemokratické státy?
Slavíková, Kamila ; Zemanová, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Halimzai, Pamir (referee)
A part of academic work inspired by Nye's concept of "soft power" has adopted his conceptualisation without much reservation, while another part has contested it. Some authors describe Nye's conceptualisation of power as biased towards democracies, or otherwise challenge the concept as category of analysis. On the case study of the partial democracy of Singapore, through analysis of official discourse, the thesis explores whether Singapore's government acknowledges the idea and if so, how it interprets it. Secondly, the thesis aims to provide more insight into the use of soft power as category of analysis with the help of the selected case study.
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Comparison of the corporate income tax in the Czech Republic and selected asian countries
Štursová, Lucie ; Vítek, Leoš (advisor) ; Pavel, Jan (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the corporate income tax, specificially with the comparison of the corporate taxation in the Czech Republic, Taiwan and Singapore. The aim of this theses is to acquaint the reader with similar and different components of the corporate tax in these countries, and to evaluate the advantages of particular tax systems for potential invetors. First part is dedicated to the theoretical aspects of the corporate income tax and basic definitions. Following parts are focused on the system of the corporate income tax in compared countries, and describe both the structure and extent of tax and the structural components of the corporate income tax in given countries. The conclusion contains summary of results which is based on the previous analysis.
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Position of Singapore in the world economy
Loskotová, Marie ; Pavlík, Petr (advisor) ; Zapletal, Petr (referee)
The thesis is focused on the analysis of current Singapore's economy, including macroeconomic data with emphasis on foreign trade and investment, which are the engines of the economy and identify the main focus of political and economic strategy of the country. The objective of the thesis is to find main causes of success of the country, name them and find out what results Singapore achieves in some sectors in comparison with the world's leading economies.
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The Asian First-Tier and Second-Tier Newly Industrialized Countries Comparison
Pavlů, Zuzana ; Pavlík, Petr (advisor) ; Nováková, Jana (referee)
The bachelor thesis "The Asian First-Tier and Second-Tier Newly Industrialized Countries Comparison" maps the development of Asian NIEs from the beginning of their miracle growth till nowadays, however the peculiar attention is paid to the pre-crisis period till 1997. During this period these countries made signigicant structural changes inside their economies. The emphasis is then put on their outstanding export orientation. Space is given to introduction of particular countries in demographic, geographic and some other indicators in order to provide wider illustration of them, as well as to basic outline of the problem. The objective of the thesis is to provide common features or disparities between two Asian generations as well as between countries of each generation itself.
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