|
|
The populist radical right and its influence on the US presidential elections in 2012, 2016, and 2020
Šusta, Filip ; Hasman, Jiří (advisor) ; Solik, Martin (referee)
This thesis examines voting behaviour in the United States presidential election between 2012 and 2020, focusing mainly on how the populist radical right influenced the results. It therefore compares the results of the 2012 election, when Mitt Romney, who is considered a traditional Republican, ran for president, with those of the 2016 and 2020 elections, when Donald Trump, a representative of the populist radical right, applied for office. The thesis draws on the concepts of national nostalgia, cleavage theory and describes the characteristics of American nativism. Through a two-level binary logistic regression, influence variables are assessed at the individual and contextual levels, which are taken to be the US states. The results reveal a very important influence of the attitudes to unauthorized migration on support for Donald Trump in particular. It was also found that American society has become significantly radicalised during Trump's presidency. The demographic characteristics of the electorate were projected onto attitudinal questions about immigration, and these in turn conditioned their affection for Donald Trump. Through the models, it was also possible to confirm that his support corresponded to the general support of the populist radical right. Key words: cleavage theory; national...
|
|
|
Fossil Fuels Lobby and Climate Change: Influencing the Discourse in Politics and Media
Balková, Tereza ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Fiřtová, Magdalena (referee)
Climate change denial is a widely spread phenomenon in the United States that has for decades shaped the country's response to the numerous environmental challenges it has been facing. This thesis deals with the role of the American fossil fuels lobby in the analyzed matter, as it constituted the main force behind its rise. The main goal of the thesis is to prove that the success of the climate change denial orchestrated by the fossil fuels industry was enabled by its ties to the political establishment. Moreover, it argues that this was done by using professionally drafted strategies, which turned a once-widely-accepted fact - backed by a scientific consensus - into a matter of debate, opinion, politics, ideology, and identity. In order to do that, the thesis firstly covers the historical development of the climate debate in the United Sates. It looks at the major milestones in the country's approach in dealing with the problem of the environment as well as the emergence of the climate change denial campaign itself. Secondly, it analyzes the various connections between U.S. politics, special interests, and climate science from the 1970s until the end of the George W. Bush Administration. Next, it introduces the specific tactics and methods employed by the climate change denial campaign. Moreover,...
|
|
|
Media portrayal of candidates in the 2016 United States presidential election
Šimková, Jana ; Dopieralla, Jakub (advisor) ; Hájek, Lukáš (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the topic of 2016 US presidential election. More specifically, it focuses on media portrait of candidates nominated by the Democratic and Republican parties, ie. Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump. It describes their road to becoming nominees and their respective presidential campaigns, explains the history of media bias in the United States and then connects those two topics. It describes specific differences in media coverage of Clinton and Trump during their 2016 presidential campaigns. It also deals with the topic of political polarization and what role do media play in it. The thesis chooses two TV shows with audiences on the opposite sides of a political spectrum as a specific example of what can liberal or conservative bias look like. It tries to answer the question, whether and why is Sean Hannity's conservative bias stronger than liberal bias in the case of Rachel Maddow.The paper concludes that Hannity's show goes beyond bias, demonstrates this fact with examples and therefore answers the research question in the affirmative. A summative approach to qualitative content analysis is used to answer the research question. Research sample consists of 28 episodes of TV shows Hannity and The Rachel Maddow Show, which aired during the last 3 weeks before the election....
|
|
|
The Influence of the Catholic Anti-Abortion Movement on the Identity of the Republican Party in the 1960s and 1970s
Kropáčková, Kristina ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Kýrová, Lucie (referee)
This bachelor's thesis discusses the shift in the Republican Party's position on abortion in the 1970s in the context of Catholic anti-abortion movement. The anti-abortion movement was mobilised due to social upheavals of the 1960s during which the calls for abortion-laws liberalization became more prominent. The pro-life movement in the 1960s and 1970s was almost exclusively Catholic, since evangelicals joined the movement as part of the New Christian Right in the late 1970s. With the use of primary and secondary sources, the thesis analyses the relationship between the Republican Party and the pro-life movement. The thesis seeks to answer the question why the Republican Party included a pro-life stance to its platform. The thesis consists of three chapters. The first one explains the character and activity of the pro- life movement and the positions of the main actors, the Republican Party and the Catholic Church, on the abortion issue up to the legalization of abortion in 1973. The second part analyses Richard Nixon's position on abortion. The last chapter deals with Republican Party's adoption of the pro-life platform in 1976 and focuses on strengthening of the ties between the pro-life movement and the Republican Party. After analysing the relationship between the movement and the party, the...
|
|
| |
|
|
U.S. Primary Elections
Mertová, Viktorie ; Kotábová, Věra (advisor) ; Landovský, Jakub (referee)
During the first stage of the U. S. presidential nomination process, primary elections are the predominant mechanism which the political parties apply to choose their candidates. In the 20th century, primaries became a common practice of the parties, which is considered to have made the nomination process more democratic. Despite that, there are several phenomena related to the primary elections which are considered to be problematic. The goal of this bachelor thesis is to analyze these controversial aspects of primaries. The thesis covers the nomination process of the Democratic Party and the Republican Party and attempts to emphasize the negative implications which the process of presidential nominations of these parties entails. In this case, the phenomena disadvantaging one of the actors of primaries (a group of voters, a type of candidate or one of the political parties) are considered to be negative. Based on the analysis of these phenomena, it is concluded which of them is potentially the most dangerous and the how it could be dealt with.
|
|
|
The Formation of the Tea Party Movement
Bicková, Eliška ; Calda, Miloš (advisor) ; Kucer, Maxim (referee)
Tea Party affects American politics since 2009 when she began under the name of former revolutionary movement to fight government interventions with massive demonstrations. There was often incorrect expectation concerning Tea Party's potential in the first years of her activity. Tea Party supporters cannot be easily characterized, since a very differentiated group of Americans identifies itself with the movement, they come from a broad scale of social groups from Religious Right to libertarians or radical populists, which makes Tea Party an easy subject of criticism. Such criticism is often related to accusations of racism and rigid approach to social issues, to which contributed also certain Tea Party candidates. Nationwide political radicalization, which Tea Party allegedly caused up to a great extent, cannot be confirmed, though, radicalization can be discerned rather within the ideologically differentiated Congress. Although the elections of 2010 and 2012 brought a group of Tea Party supporters into the Congress, it wasn't such a significant success, as many of her protagonists expected. Tea Party established the Tea Party Caucus as an organizational tool. The members of the Caucus ranked among the most active congressmen, the number of their achievements is questionable, though. Throughout the year...
|
|
|
Tea Party Movement
Herout, Jakub ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Brunclík, Miloš (referee)
Political system of the United states of America is considered to be a characteristic example of a two- party system. This study will not try to analyse the American two-party system in general, but will go in depth in analysing the importace of the Tea Party movement in this political system. Tea Party is considered to be a conservative right-wing movement which expresses its opinions in various areas and issues such as high taxes, high government debt, government's steps in health care, and so on. These, among Tea Party activists generally shared beliefs, have a purpose in the very philosophical basis of the movement. The study will try to find the this purpose, especially in connection with activists' social roots, movement's structure, and its field of work. Activists clustered in the Tea Party movement share a common ideology, which is based on belief that the federal government should have less power. This study will also cover many different areas in which the movement is active. Tea Party movement, operating throughout the whole United States, is going through the fragmentation process because its short history and different positions within the movement in the matter of how to incorporate the movement in the American political system. Tea Party Movement is a nationwide phenomenon, however, the...
|
|
|
Divisive Factors of Immigration Policy in the Republican Party: A Case Study of Representatives from California
Vaculová, Lucia ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
Bachelor thesis deals with different opinions on the measures of the proposed immigration reform between representatives of the Republican Party. The aim of this work is to present the reasons for the split during the first session of the 113th Congress by analyzing the views of Members representing the state of California and the effects of their decisions. The first part describes the development of the party since the elections in 2010. It outlines a change in approach of the party leaders on immigration issue and the opinions of different factions to proposed legislation. Following the presentation of the proposal of the reform adopted in the Senate in the summer of 2013, it explains the main dimensions of immigration policy. The second half consists of case study that focuses on the influences that shape views of politicians on immigration. The work thematically sorts aspects of immigration policy into categories of border protection, legal and illegal immigration. Based on the results of other works, it describes three variables that have a determining influence on the views of the representatives: electorate, interest groups and the ideology of the politician. The application of the presented theories allows for the analyses of the casual connection between said data and view of politicians...
|
|
|
The Politicy of the United States toward Illegal Immigration from Mexico (2001-2008)
Nováková, Iva ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Školkayová, Marta (referee)
The dissertation deals with immigration policy of the United States toward illegal immigration from Mexico during the presidency of George W. Bush. It aims to answer the question whether the policy had at all changed when compared to the previous administrations, and whether the terrorist attacks from 9/11 had any effect on the issue. The paper also discusses reasons why comprehensive immigration reform has not been accepted yet. In order to answer those questions, the thesis analyzes American perception of immigrants and characterizes interests of pressure groups and political parties in immigration.
|
guest ::
