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Possibilities of nurse activity in primary prevention of Chronic Kidney Disease
FIKAROVÁ, Anna
Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is an incurable condition that is increasingly prevalent worldwide. Therefore, prevention is particularly important. Nurses in primary care encounter patients at increased risk for developing CKD and can contribute to its prevention by raising awareness about the disease and ways to prevent it. Objective: The main goal of the study was to determine the perception of nurses in the primary prevention of chronic kidney failure. Methods: The research part was conducted by qualitive research method in the form of semi-structured interviews. The research sample consisted of seven nurses working in a general practitioner's office for adults. The information gathered was analysed using open coding with the qualitative statistical program Atlas.ti, resulting in two categories and four subcategories. Results: The results indicated that nurses at general practitioners' offices for adults see their main opportunity in the primary prevention of CKD as educating patients, which they conduct through oral discussions and by offering informational leaflets. Nurses primarily inform patients about maintaining a healthy lifestyle, regimen measures, familiarising patients with the disease, its complications, and the importance of regular participation in preventive examinations. Nurses perceive screening tests, which allow for the identification of at-risk individuals for CKD, as an important element in primary prevention. Conclusion: The primary prevention of CKD is primarily hindered by patients' insufficient knowledge about the disease, from which patient cooperation is derived. To enhance the efficacy of primary prevention, nurses would benefit from increased time per patient and more comprehensive promotion of CKD.
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The influence of ethical education to primary prevention pathologic phenomenons among schoolchild of lower secondary school
BUČKOVÁ MICHLÍČKOVÁ, Klára
The diploma thesis is devoted to ethical education, psychological aspects of ethical education, pupils of the 2nd grade of primary school, socially pathological phenomena and also directly selected socio-pathological phenomena in primary school, pedagogues applying forms of ethical education in their practice, primary prevention and key the topic of ethical education as a prevention of socio-pathological phenomena among pupils of the 6th to 9th grades of primary school. The work also deals with ethical education as one of the possibilities of preventing socially pathological phenomena in elementary school. All of the above topics are written with regard to the age characteristics of the students and school practice. The output of the work is a description of the influence of ethical education on the occurrence of socially pathological phenomena among pupils of the mentioned age category in elementary school.
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Evaluation of the benefits of the primary prevention program Nevypusť duši for its participants
Licholetova, Kateřina ; Frombergerová, Anna (advisor)
The diploma thesis focuses on the evaluation of the primary preventive programme Duševní zdravověda, which deals with mental health issues and is implemented in secondary schools. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the effectiveness and benefit of this programme for its participants. Another aim was also to find out if variables such as gender, age and experience with mental illness of the respondents can influence their attitudes towards mental health. In the theoretical part of the thesis are defined mental health and illness, primary prevention and the current state of school primary prevention in the field of mental health are also defined. Also identified are protective factors that primary prevention programs dealing with mental health should support. Principles of effective primary prevention programmes and examples of proven mental health prevention programmes are presented. The preventive programme Duševní zdravověda and the non-profit organization Nevypusť duši, which implements it, are described here. The research group consist of 1898 respondents (1655 respondents from the experimental group and 243 from the control group). The research method is evaluation feedback questionnaires, which were provided to respondents before and after the implementation of the programme. The results of...
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Evaluation of leaflet campaign about internet-based prevention targeted on parents of elementary schools students in Prague 15 city district
Venzara, Pavel ; Gabrhelík, Roman (advisor) ; Vacek, Jaroslav (referee)
My bachelor's work engages in finding out the level of interest of parents of elemntary school childern in the Prague 15 city district about internet-based prevention. This web contained program Prevention Smart Parents which incuded 10 chapters with infromation about prevention and how to applicate this information in daily life. In the theoretic part I clarify terms which are connected with the name of the work mainly therms like primary prevention, risk behaviour and evaluation. This part contains also information about prevention in schools, prevention in families and preventive programs for parents. The main goal of whole work was to find the effectiveness of whole campaign which was realized at schools in Prague 15 city district. The secondary goal was to find the level of interest of parents in preventive website. The research was made thanks to questionnaires. As the most important result of whole work I consider detection of effectiveness of campaign. This effectiveness was very low- according to answers in questionnaires only 17 % of parents visited the website. And according to counter on website it was only 5 %. Next important results are the level of interest in website and satisfaction of parents with it. The level of the interest was below-average. But parents who visited the website...
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Possibilities of primary prevention of colorectal cancer in terms of nutrition
Stárková, Klára ; Holcátová, Ivana (advisor) ; Kudlová, Eva (referee)
This diploma thesis is devoted to the possibilities of primary prevention of colorectal cancer from the point of view of nutrition. Although the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer have been decreasing in the Czech Republic in recent years, it is still one of the most common cancers. It is a cancer, the occurrence of which can be influenced up to 50 % by a healthy lifestyle. The theoretical part is devoted to the latest findings in the field of influencing factors, although some have not yet been sufficiently explored. Processed meat, frequent modification of the diet by grilling, frying or baking (especially red meat and processed meat), overweight and obesity, regular alcohol consumption and smoking are identified as proven carcinogens. On the contrary, the protective factors are sufficient dietary fibre intake, sufficient physical activity and probably sufficient consumption of fish, milk and milk products, fruits and vegetables. In the practical part, two groups were examined - people aged 18-50 and patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Both groups were asked about eating habits, lifestyle factors and information about the possibilities of primary prevention of colorectal cancer. The assumption was that people aged 18-50 eat less risky and are better informed than patients...
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The awareness of health professionals in the field of gynecology about prevention of cervical cancer
Havlíková, Tereza ; Sláma, Jiří (advisor) ; Šimonová, Daniela (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the topic of the awareness of health professionals in the field of gynecology about the prevention of cervical carcinoma. The thesis summarizes basic information about primary and secondary prevention, risk factors and clinical symptoms of cervical carcinoma. It also includes information on the diagnosis and subsequent treatment of patients with cervical carcinoma. The main aim of the study was to identify which group of health professionals would have the greatest knowledge of cervical cancer prevention. A total of four research hypotheses were established, of which three were confirmed and only one was disproved. A quantitative type of research was chosen to address them. Data collection was carried out by means of a questionnaire survey conducted at the Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Faculty of Medicine and General Teaching Hospital in Prague. A questionnaire of twenty-six questions was distributed in paper form among local doctors, midwives and nurses. The final size of the research sample was one hundred respondents. All questions were answered completely voluntarily and anonymously. Tables and graphs summarizing the results of the survey were produced as part of the data analysis. The main finding was that the group of doctors was much more aware of the...
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Evaluation of the benefits of the primary prevention program Nevypusť duši for its participants
Licholetova, Kateřina ; Frombergerová, Anna (advisor) ; Vozková, Anna (referee)
The diploma thesis focuses on the evaluation of the primary preventive programme Duševní zdravověda, which deals with mental health issues and is implemented in secondary schools. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the effectiveness and benefit of this programme for its participants. Another aim was also to find out if variables such as gender, age and experience with mental illness of the respondents can influence their attitudes towards mental health. In the theoretical part of the thesis are defined mental health and illness, primary prevention and the current state of school primary prevention in the field of mental health are also defined. Also identified are protective factors that primary prevention programs dealing with mental health should support. Principles of effective primary prevention programmes and examples of proven mental health prevention programmes are presented. The preventive programme Duševní zdravověda and the non-profit organization Nevypusť duši, which implements it, are described here. The research group consist of 1898 respondents (1655 respondents from the experimental group and 243 from the control group). The research method is evaluation feedback questionnaires, which were provided to respondents before and after the implementation of the programme. The results of...
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Addictive substances and Visual Art
Bobková, Simona ; Fišerová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Raudenský, Martin (referee)
This diploma thesis discusses the topic of addictive substances and their influence on artistic creation. In the theoretical part, I first focus on the search for their connection in history on various artifacts that could be found. Among the most common are cave paintings, which I also list in my thesis, as well as sculptures and illustrations. Subsequently, I define the distribution of the types of individual addictive substances that are most often associated with visual artists, and which I describe later. These include alcohol, cannabis drugs, stimulants, psychotropic substances, and opiates. Furthermore, I characterize visual artists who were influenced by addictive substances in their work at that time. I present exhibitions that have a certain connection with this topic, and in the last line of my work, I focus on the preventive component of the relationship between school and family. In the didactic part, together with the pupils of the eight-year high school, we deal with the issue of these substances and realize an art series with the name that this diploma thesis also bears, i.e. "Addictive Substances and Visual Arts." The thematic series contains five creative tasks that aim at a primarily preventive goal. The research part, the method of which is semi-structured qualitative research,...
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Substance use and evaluation of prevention activities of students of Secondary School Vimperk
JINDRA, Jaromír
This work deals with the use of addictive substances by high school students and with the evaluation of preventive activities. I´ts task is to find out the opinions and experiences of students with addictive substances and preventive activities. There was chosen following goal of the work: "Identification of risk factors of students behavior due to substance use and evaluation of primary prevention of risk behavior." The work is divided into theoretical and practical parts, where the theoretical part briefly describes the prevention of risky behavior and the most commonly used addictive substances. Specifically, the areas of risk and protective factors, primary prevention of risky behavior, school and drug prevention, the effects of addictive substances and their relationship to risky behavior were described. The practical part is processed with a quantitative strategy by the statistical method, where the technique of data collection was used a questionnaire survey conducted among students of Vimperk High School. The results of the research show, that the most fundamental risk factor affecting students is their closest social environment, their family, friends and peers. Prevention is effective in the use of hard drugs, which is not the case with tobacco cigarettes, alcoholic beverages and marijuana. The results of the work can serve as a mapping of the current situation of risky behavior due to the use of addictive substances used for further research and as a comparative material. They can also serve as a basis for practical use in creating prevention programs and to improve primary prevention.
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