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The search for the grave of Abbess-Princess Mlada
Frolík, Jan ; Drtikolová Kaupová, S. ; Stránská, P. ; Světlík, Ivo ; Velemínský, P.
The sister of Prince Boleslav II Princess Mlada is among the persons associated with the beginning of the Prague bishopric. As the founder of the monastery of St. George was worshiped in it. The place of her burial was forgotten and searched for since the Baroque period. In this context, attention is paid to the graves JK-102 and JK-110 in the chapel of St. Anne in the monastery and also to the relics taken from this chapel in the 17th century. Grave JK-110 was newly dated to around the year 1000.
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Climate impact on archaeological monuments in Prague Castle
Pokorný, Šimon ; Weiss, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kozlovcev, Petr (referee)
This thesis deals with the question of the influence of climate on archaeological monuments beneath the pavement of the III. courtyard of Prague Castle. The complex archaeological site is threatened by the effects of several climatic factors, especially water and temperature changes, which cause weathering processes, and the historical building material in this area is subsequently degraded. The theoretical part of this thesis first deals with the study of historical building materials in the excavation area, with a focus on marlstone and clay slate, which are most susceptible to various types of weathering. Subsequently, degradation processes that affect the state of the present material are discussed, particularly processes related to water penetration through the material, chemical weathering caused by salt crystallization, and swelling of clay minerals, a process that often occurs in clay slate. The last chapter of the theoretical part outlines the impact of future climate change on the action of these processes. The practical part of this thesis focuses on research into frost and salt weathering cycles, particularly the determination of the frequency of cycles in one year of continuous measurement. Moisture and temperature values over time from sensors that are evenly distributed throughout...
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Ivan Borkovský. An archaeologist between legends, two world wars and two totalitarian regimes
Maříková-Kubková, Jana ; Adámek, František
Archaeologist Ivan Borkovský led the technical and later professional research of Prague Castle for more than forty years, in addition to dozens of other sites. He is one of the most prominent personalities of Czechoslovak and Czech archaeology of the Middle Ages. He was a colleague and teacher of a number of prominent archaeologists, historians and architects. Yet there are unknown moments in his personal life and in his fate in the tense periods of the 20th century. In the memoirs of his students and colleagues, there are stories that have become legendary in the nearly fifty years since his death. But most of them are not based on truth. The question is whether Ivan Borkovský himself gave rise to these stories or whether they were written later and what role the personality of the narrator played in them. The presented text focuses on these twists and turns in his life and attempts to confirm or refute the oft-repeated clichés through archival research. Last but not least, the thesis aims to pave the way for a more comprehensive treatment of his scholarly legacy, which will not be possible without an understanding of the pitfalls that accompanied his life.
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The Earliest Graves in Saint Vitus Cathedral and Their Dating Issue
Vrána, David
During the years 1995–2018, inspection research was carried out for graves K1 and K2 discovered under the Saint Wenceslas Chapel floor in Saint Vitus Cathedral, on the site of the former rotunda with the same consecration. The results of radiocarbon dating of the human remains and the wooden structure, as well as other findings, indicate an origin in the 9th century, however, putative stratigraphic problems obstruct the acceptation of these results. A belief prevails that the graves were dug only after the rotunda’s erection, or rather after the building of the alleged later annex for the south apse that contains the grave of Saint Wenceslas. This opinion is based on the finding of masonry inside the apse that was detected under the later Gothic altar and that was interpreted as the remains of the demolished foundation of the rotunda nave. Based on the latest evaluation, it seems more likely that the relics under the Gothic altar are connected with the earliest stage of the altar and the foundation altar step (gradus altaris). Covering the dead in grave K1 with lime or mortar was also identified as a stratigraphic issue, nevertheless, it must have been done after the deceased was placed in the grave. Similarly, the findings of marlstone and mortar fragments in the corner of grave K1 during the archaeological inspection in 1995 provide no evidence that the grave was dug only after the erection of the rotunda because it is most likely only secondary contamination. The identification of the deceased persons remains uncertain, but morphology features and the blood group of the man in grave K1 suggest his affiliation with the House of Přemyslid. Based on current findings, the hypothesis of E. Vlček about the identification of the dead from grave K1 with Prince Bořivoj I (†890) cannot be ruled out, yet the buried woman in the neighbouring grave K2 indicates the need to search for another explication that only a new successfully conducted DNA analysis would confirm.
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Methods of moisture measurement in the historical masonry of archaeological site under the III. courtyard of Prague Castle
Kalianková, Kateřina ; Weiss, Tomáš (advisor) ; Sněhota, Michal (referee)
This work deals with determining the humidity of historical masonry in the archeological area under III. courtyard of Prague Castle. The area is endangered especially by salt weathering, which is supported by increased humidity of the masonry. The moisture content of marl masonry was determined at the site of the early modern bridge pillar and at other selected walls in the archeological area. The aim of this work is to analyze selected methods of measuring moisture in historic building materials and evaluate their advantages and cons. The suitability of methods for application to historically valuable materials and buildings is also evaluated. Another goal of this work is to analyze the state of humidity in the monitored localities and to determine the source of humidity in the archeological area under III. courtyard of Prague Castle and based on the results propose a procedure for monitoring the future development of humidity. Non-invasive methods of infrared surface imaging, electromagnetic method (MOIST 210B and EM 100), and resistance method (GMR 110) were chosen for humidity monitoring, subsurface resistance measurement, electromagnetic method (TDR), and uranine-probe was chosen from invasive methods of humidity monitoring. Simultaneously with the measurement of humidity, air and masonry...
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The effect of Pavel Janak's work at the Prague Castle
Řepová, Magdaléna ; Macek, Petr (advisor) ; Biegel, Richard (referee)
The subject of this thesis is to assess the work of Pavel Janák, a former chief architect at the Prague castle, who is utterly connected with the period of major modifications and reconstruction at the Prague castle during the years of his architectural supervision in 1936 to 1955. Therefore the main emphasis is to focus on suggested period when Pavel Janák realized several of his major renovations. Studied period gives the author an opportunity to explore Janák's seldom approach to monumental preservation that was closely linked to his professional life. Hence this thesis also demonstrates to what extent the interest in monumental preservation influenced Janák's approach to conservation of historical monuments and architecture as such. Having closely studied available materials and documents from archives, the aim of this thesis is to map Janák's professional life during his residence at Prague castle. Eventually the author elaborates how the relation to monumental preservation changed during Janák's life.
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Wohlmut's organ choir in St. Vitus, Wenceslaus and Adalbert cathedral in Prague
Urych, Jan ; Jarošová, Markéta (advisor) ; Nespěšná Hamsíková, Magdaléna (referee)
This thesis deals with the architectural appearance of the organ choir loft, located at the. St.Vitus,Wenceslaus and Adalbert cathedral at Prague Castle. It was realized between 1556- 1561 by Boniface Wohlmut's draft. The main target of this thesis is a detailed and formal analysis of the organ choir loft. Secondary target features approach of the organ choir functions and it's position in the context of the specific cathedral space. It also features inclusion of this organ choir to wider construction portfolio connected with the Boniface Wohlmut personality. The organ choir will be presented in overall art and historic context of examined period.
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Architect Otto Rothmayer and his realization for Prague castle
Bejšovcová, Kristýna ; Sojka, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Czumalo, Vladimír (referee)
This work deals with realizations of Otto Rothmayer in the Prague Castle, where we can find the most significant pieces of his lifelong work. It will be chronologically divided by several life periods, initially starts from collaboration with Josiph Plečnik, then his own works and at the end the post-war period. Otto Rothmayer was a modest and almost inconspicuous man, maybe it's just one of the reasons why haven't been written any respectable monographs about him. He was very conscientious and he didn't try to enforce his own inventions or historical styles into the reconstructed architecture, without affecting it. Always, already standing architecture, was precedence over his abilities, therefore is his piece so unique and harmonic. I would like to try to focus on brilliantly performed renovation of the Terezian wing (in the meaning of timelessness), which got after putting spindle staircase completely new dimension. Otto Rothmayer excelled with the talent to insert his pragmatic, sometimes almost cool effect objects into the vibrant history of the Prague Castle with a unique intuition of one of the best architects of the modern era.
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The abbesses of St. George's Convent in Prague and the coronations of the queens of Bohemia
Pacovský, Karel ; Zdichynec, Jan (advisor) ; Bobková, Lenka (referee)
This Bachelor thesis analyzes the coronations of the queens of Bohemia, putting emphasis on the presence of abbesses of St. George's Convent of Benedictine nuns in Prague Castle. It follows this phenomenon throughout its whole history, from the first Bohemian coronation in 1085 to the last in 1836, and thus covers a long period from the Middle Ages through the early modern period to the threshold of the modern era. The aim is to clarify the origins, development and changes of the task of the St. George's abbesses during the coronation ceremonies in Prague, which has no parallel anywhere else in Europe. It also endeavors to identify the particular abbesses who participated in each coronation, find details from their lives, and outline the general state of St. George's Convent at that time. It uses primarily the testimonies of original sources of various types, such us annals, chronicles, coronation ordines, descriptions of the coronations, charters, diaries, gravestones, and iconographic sources. The research shows that the role of the abbesses at the coronations changed throughout the centuries; while in the Middle Ages it occurred principally in the accompaniment of the queen, the abbess later participated together with the archbishop of Prague and the supreme burgrave of the Kingdom of Bohemia...
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